2017 VOLVO V90 wheel

DRIVER SUPPORT
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377
NOTE
PAP searches the area for parking, displays instructions and guides the car in on its pas-senger side. But if required the car can alsobe parked on the driver's side of the street: •Activate the direction indicator to the driver's side - then the system searchesfor a parking space on that side of thecar instead.
Reversing in to the parking space
Parallel.
Perpendicular.
1. Check that there is nothing behind.
2. Reverse slowly and carefully without touching
the steering wheel - and no faster than 7 km/h (4 mph).
> PAP will then steer the car into the park-ing space.
3. Keep an eye on the centre display - be pre- pared to stop the car when the graphics and message so request.
NOTE
• Keep your hands away from the steering wheel when the PAP function is acti-vated.
• Make sure that the steering wheel is nothindered in any way and can rotate freely.
• To achieve optimum results - wait untilthe steering wheel is fully turned beforestarting to drive backward/forward.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
378
Positioning the car in the parking space
Parallel.
Perpendicular.
1. Move the gear selector into the D position,
wait until the steering wheel has been turned and drive slowly forward 2. Keep an eye on the centre display - be pre-
pared to stop the car when the graphics andmessage so request.
3. Select reverse gear and drive slowly back- wards.
4. Keep an eye on the centre display - be pre- pared to stop the car when the graphics andmessage so request.
The function is deactivated automatically and thegraphics and message show that parking is com-plete. It may be necessary for the driver to correctthe car

DRIVER SUPPORT
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* Option/accessory.379
Limitations of Park Assist Pilot *
The Active parking assistance (Park Assist Pilot – PAP) function may have limitations in certainsituations.
Parking is discontinuedA parking sequence will be discontinued:
• if the driver moves the steering wheel
• if the car is driven too quickly - above 7 km/h (4 mph)
• if the driver presses
Cancel in the centre
display
• when the anti-lock brakes or the Electronic stability control are engaged - e.g. when awheel loses grip on a slippery road.
Where applicable, a message in the centre dis-play states the reason for a parking sequencebeing discontinued.
NOTE
Dirt, ice and snow covering the sensors will reduce their function and may prevent meas-urement.
IMPORTANT
Under certain circumstances, PAP is unable to find parking spaces - one reason for thismay be the fact that there is interference withthe sensors from external sound sourceswhich emit the same ultrasound frequenciesas those with which the system works. Examples of such sources include horns, wet tyres on asphalt, pneumatic brakes andexhaust noises from motorcycles etc.
Driver responsibilityThe driver should bear in mind that the PAP is an aid – not an infallible, fully-automatic function.The driver must therefore be prepared to inter-rupt a parking step. There are also a few details to bear in mind while parking, e.g.:
• PAP bases itself on the locations of vehiclesalready parked nearby - if they are inap-propriately parked, your own car's tyres andwheel rims may be damaged by contact withthe kerb.
• PAP is designed for parking on straightstreets - not sharp curves or bends. For thisreason, make sure the car is parallel to theparking space when PAP measures thespace. •
Parking spaces on narrow streets are notalways feasible, since the space required formanoeuvring may not be sufficient.
• Bear in mind that the front of the car mayswing out towards oncoming traffic whilebeing parked.
• Objects situated higher than the detectionareas of the sensors are not taken intoaccount when calculating the parkingmanoeuvre. This may cause PAP to turn intothe parking space too early, and hence suchparking spaces should be avoided.
• The driver is responsible for determiningwhether the space selected by PAP is suita-ble for parking.
• Use approved tyres 28
with the correct tyre
pressure - this affects the ability of PAP topark the car.
• Heavy rain or snow may cause the system tomeasure the parking space incorrectly.
• Do not use PAP if snow chains or a sparewheel are fitted.
• Do not use PAP if cargo items are protrudingfrom the car.
• Perpendicular parking spaces may be missedor offered unnecessarily if one parked car isprotruding more than other parked cars.
28
"Approved tyres" refers to tyres of the same type and make as those fitted new on delivery from the factory.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
380
IMPORTANT
Changing to another approved wheel rim and/or tyre dimension may involve a changedtyre circumference, which means that thePAP system's parameters may then need tobe updated. Consult a workshop - an author-ised Volvo workshop is recommended.
Maintenance
PAP sensor locations 29
.
For the PAP function to work correctly, its sen- sors must be cleaned regularly with water and carshampoo.
Related information
• Park Assist Pilot
* (p. 374)
• Parking with Active parking assistance
*
(p. 376)
29 NOTE: The illustration is schematic - details may vary depending on car model.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
384
Alcohol lock *
The function of the alcohol lock is to prevent the car from being driven by individuals under theinfluence of alcohol. Before the engine can bestarted the driver must take a breath test thatverifies that he/she is not under the influence ofalcohol. Alcohol lock calibration takes place inaccordance with each market's limit value inforce for driving legally.
The car has an interface for the electrical con- nection of the different makes and models ofalcohol lock recommended by Volvo. The inter-face facilitates alcohol lock connection, and givesthe option of an integrated function includingmessages related to the alcohol lock in the car'smain display. For information about a specificalcohol lock, please refer to its owner's manual.
WARNING
The alcohol lock is an aid and does not exempt the driver from responsibility. It isalways the responsibility of the driver to besober and to drive the car safely.
Bypass of the alcohol lock *
In the event of an emergency situation or the alcohol lock is out of order, it is possible tobypass the alcohol lock in order to drive the car.
For deactivation via the alcohol lock, see the sep- arate instructions for that specific lock. Activating the bypass function (Bypass)
NOTE
All bypass activation is logged and saved in the memory in the alcohol lock's control unit.It is not possible to undo a bypass.
The message, Blow into alcolock Bypass
instead?, is shown in the screen:
–Select Bypass by pressing once on the O
button on the steering wheel's right-hand keypad.
> The alcohol lock is now bypassed and the car can be started.
The number of bypasses possible before service is required is selected during alcohol lock instal-lation.
Related information
• Before starting the engine with the alcohollock (p. 384)
• Starting the car (p. 386)
Before starting the engine with the alcohol lock
The alcohol lock is activated automatically and is then ready for use when the car is opened.
To bear in mindIn order to obtain correct function and as accu- rate a measurement result as possible: • Avoid eating or drinking approx. 5 minutes before the breath test.
• Avoid excess windscreen washing - the alco-hol in the washer fluid may result in an incor-rect measurement result.
NOTE
After a completed period of driving, the engine can be restarted within 30 minuteswithout a new breath test.
Related information
•
Bypass of the alcohol lock
* (p. 384)
• Starting the car (p. 386)

STARTING AND DRIVING
388
Steering lock
The steering lock makes steering difficult if the car is e.g. taken unlawfully. A mechanical noisecan be perceived when the steering lock locksor unlocks.
Activating the steering lockThe steering lock is activated when the car is locked from the outside and the engine isswitched off. If the car is left unlocked then thesteering lock will lock automatically after a while.
Deactivating the steering lockThe steering lock is deactivated when the car isunlocked from outside. If the car is not locked, itis sufficient that the remote control key is insidethe passenger compartment and the engine is started by turning the start knob towards START
in order to unlock the steering lock.
Related information
• Starting the car (p. 386)
• Switching off the car (p. 387)
• Steering wheel (p. 131)
Using jump starting with another battery
If the starter battery is discharged then the car can be started with current from another battery.
When jump starting the car, the following steps are recommended to avoid short circuits or otherdamage:
1. Set the car's electrical system in ignition position 0.
2. Check that the donor battery has a voltage of 12 V.
3. If the donor battery is installed in another car - switch off the donor car's engine and make sure that the two cars do not touch eachother. 4. Connect one of the red jump lead's clamps
to the donor battery's positive terminal (1).
IMPORTANT
Connect the start cable carefully to avoid short circuits with other components in theengine compartment.
5. Open the positive jump-starting point's cover(2).
6. Connect the red jump lead's other clamp onto the car's positive jump-starting point (2).
7. Connect one of the black jump lead's clamps to the donor battery's negative terminal (3).
8. Connect the black jump lead's other clamp onto the car's negative jump-starting point(4).
9. Check that the jump lead clamps are affixed securely so that there are no sparks duringthe starting attempt.
10. Start the engine of the "donor car" and allow it to run a few minutes at a speed slightlyhigher than idle approx. 1500 rpm.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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389
11. Start the engine in the car with the dis-
charged battery.
IMPORTANT
Do not touch the connections between cable and car during the starting attempt. There is arisk of sparks forming.
12. Remove the jump leads in reverse order -first the black and then the red. Make sure that none of the black jump lead's clamps comes into contact with the car'spositive jump-starting point/donor battery'spositive terminal or the clamp connected tothe red jump lead.
WARNING
• The battery can generate oxyhydrogen gas, which is highly explosive. A spark canbe formed if a jump lead is connectedincorrectly, and this can be enough forthe battery to explode.
• The battery contains sulphuric acid, whichcan cause serious burns.
• If sulphuric acid comes into contact witheyes, skin or clothing, flush with largequantities of water. If acid splashes intothe eyes - seek medical attention imme-diately.
Related information
•Starter battery (p. 530)
• Ignition positions (p. 385)
• Starting the car (p. 386)
• Opening and closing the bonnet (p. 514)
Gearbox
The gearbox is part of the car's driveline (power transmission) between engine and drive wheels.The function of the gearbox is to change thegear ratio depending on speed and powerrequirements.
There are two main types of gearbox, manual and automatic. The manual gearbox has six gears. The automatic gearbox can have either eight gears or six gearsdepending on which engine the car is equippedwith. The number of gear changes means thatthe engine's torque and power range can beused effectively. It is also possible to select gears manually with the automatic gearbox. The driver display respec-tively shows which gear or gear position is cur-rently in use.
IMPORTANT
To prevent damage to any drive system com- ponents, the working temperature of thegearbox is checked. If there is a risk of over-heating, a warning symbol illuminates in thedriver display and a text message is shown -follow the recommendation given.
Symbols in the driver displayIf a fault should occur in the gearbox, the driver display shows a symbol and a message.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.391
Drive position - D
D is the normal driving position. Shifting up and
down takes place automatically based on the level of acceleration and speed. The car must be stationary when changing gear from R position to
D position.
Manual gearshift mode - M
The manual gearshift mode can be selected at any time while driving. The car engine-brakeswhen the accelerator pedal is released. Select manual gearshift mode by moving the gear selector sideways from position D to the
end position at " ±". The driver display shows
which gear is engaged at the time.
• Press the gear selector forwards to "
+"
(plus) to change up one step and release it.
• Press the gear selector backwards to "
–"
(minus) to change down one step and release it.
manual gearshift mode in the driver display 2
.
The gearbox automatically shifts down if the speed decreases to a level lower than appropri-ate for the selected gear, in order to avoid jerkingand stalling. To return to automatic gear changing, press the gear selector sideways to the end position at D.
Kick-downWhen the accelerator pedal is pressed all the way to the floor (beyond the position normallyregarded as full acceleration) a lower gear isimmediately engaged. This is known as kick-down. If the accelerator is released from the kick-down position, the gearbox automatically changes up. Kick-down is used when maximum accelerationis needed, such as for overtaking.
Safety function
To prevent over-revving of the engine, the gear- box control program has a protective downshiftinhibitor. The gearbox does not permit downshifting/kick- down which would result in an engine speed highenough to damage the engine. Nothing happensif the driver still tries to shift down in this way athigh engine speed – the original gear remainsengaged. When kick-down is activated the car can change one or more gears at a time depending onengine speed. The car changes up when theengine reaches its maximum speed in order toprevent damage to the engine.
Related information
•
Gearbox (p. 389)
• Changing gear with steering wheel paddles
*
(p. 395)
• Gear shift indicator
* (p. 392)
• Gear selector inhibitor (p. 394)
• Ignition positions (p. 385)
2
The figure is schematic, the layout may vary depending on the car's equipment.