Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
102 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS
INT :When enabled, move the
windshield wiper lever to INT. Turn
the
xINT band on the wiper lever
to adjust the sensitivity.
. Turn the band up for more
sensitivity to moisture.
. Turn the band down for less
sensitivity to moisture.
. Move the windshield wiper lever
out of the INT position to
deactivate Rainsense.
Wiper Arm Assembly Protection
When using an automatic car wash,
move the windshield wiper lever to
OFF. This disables the automatic
Rainsense windshield wipers.
With Rainsense, if the transmission is
in N (Neutral) and the vehicle speed is
very slow, the wipers will
automatically stop at the base of the
windshield. The wiper operations return to normal
when the transmission is no longer in
N (Neutral) or the vehicle speed has
increased.
n
L: Pull the windshield wiper lever
toward you to spray windshield
washer fluid and activate the wipers.
The wipers will continue until the
lever is released or the maximum
wash time is reached. When the
windshield wiper lever is released,
additional wipes may occur depending
on how long the windshield washer
had been activated. See Washer Fluid
0 253 for information on filling the
windshield washer fluid reservoir.
{Warning
In freezing weather, do not use the
washer until the windshield is
warmed. Otherwise the washer fluid
can form ice on the windshield,
blocking your vision.
Clock
The infotainment system controls are
used to access the time and date
settings through the menu system. See
“Overview” in the infotainment
manual for information about how to
use the menu system.
Setting the Time
To set the time:
1. Touch the SETTINGS screen button and touch Time and Date.
2. Touch Set Time and touch + or −
to increase or decrease hours,
minutes, and AM or PM. Touch
12Hr or 24Hr for 12 or 24 hour
clock.
3. Touch
}to go back to the
previous menu.
If auto timing is set, the time
displayed on the clock may not update
immediately when driving into a new
time zone.
To set the date: 1. Touch the SETTINGS screen button and touch Time and Date.
2. Touch Set Date and touch + or −
to increase or decrease month,
day, or year.
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
VEHICLE CARE 231
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Accessories andModifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . 245
Cooling System (Engine) . . . . . . . . . 246
Cooling System (Intercooler) . . . . 248
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . 257
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . 258
Headlamp Aiming
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . 261
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . 261
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 265
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Tire Pressure for High-Speed
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . 274
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Jump Starting
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Towing the Vehicle
Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . 296
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
244 VEHICLE CARE
When the system has calculated that
oil life has been diminished, it
indicates that an oil change is
necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL
SOON message comes on. SeeEngine
Oil Messages 0130. Change the oil as
soon as possible within the next
1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that,
if driving under the best conditions,
the oil life system might indicate that
an oil change is not necessary for up
to a year. The engine oil and filter
must be changed at least once a year
and at this time the system must be
reset. Your dealer has trained service
people who will perform this work and
reset the system. It is also important
to check the oil regularly over the
course of an oil drain interval and
keep it at the proper level.
If the system is ever reset accidentally,
the oil must be changed at 5 000 km
(3,000 mi) since the last oil change.
Remember to reset the oil life system
whenever the oil is changed.How to Reset the Engine Oil Life
System
Reset the system whenever the engine
oil is changed so that the system can
calculate the next engine oil change.
To reset the system:
1. Using the DIC controls on the right side of the steering wheel,
display REMAINING OIL LIFE on
the DIC. See Driver Information
Center (DIC) 0122. When
remaining oil life is low, the
CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON
message will appear on the
display. See Engine Oil
Messages 0130.
2. Press SEL on the DIC controls and hold SEL down for a few
seconds to clear the CHANGE
ENGINE OIL SOON message and
reset the oil life at 100%.
Be careful not to reset the oil life
display accidentally at any time
other than after the oil is
changed. It cannot be reset
accurately until the next oil
change. The oil life system can also be reset as
follows:
1. Turn the ignition on with the engine off.
2. Fully press and release the accelerator pedal three times
within five seconds.
If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL
SOON message is not on, the
system is reset.
The system is reset when the
CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message
is off.
If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON
message comes back on when the
vehicle is started, the engine oil life
system has not been reset. Repeat the
procedure.
Automatic Transmission
Fluid
How to Check Automatic
Transmission Fluid
It is not necessary to check the
transmission fluid level.
A transmission fluid leak is the only
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
308 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
oil life system is reset accidentally,
service the vehicle within 5 000 km/
3,000 mi since the last service. Reset
the oil life system when the oil is
changed. SeeEngine Oil Life
System 0243.
Tire Rotation and Required
Services Every 12 000 km/
7,500 mi
Rotate the tires, if recommended for
the vehicle, and perform the following
services. See Tire Rotation0278.
. Check engine oil level and oil
life percentage. If needed, change
engine oil and filter, and reset oil
life system. See Engine Oil0241
and Engine Oil Life System 0243.
. Check engine coolant level. See
Engine Coolant 0248.
. Check windshield washer fluid
level. See Washer Fluid 0253.
. Visually inspect windshield wiper
blades for wear, cracking,
or contamination. See Exterior
Care 0298. Replace worn or
damaged wiper blades. See Wiper
Blade Replacement 0257. .
Check tire inflation pressures. See
Tire Pressure 0273.
. Inspect tire wear. See Tire
Inspection 0278.
. Visually check for fluid leaks.
. Inspect engine air cleaner filter.
See Engine Air Cleaner/Filter 0245.
. Inspect brake system. See Exterior
Care 0298.
. Visually inspect steering,
suspension, and chassis
components for damaged, loose,
or missing parts or signs of wear.
See Exterior Care 0298.
. Check restraint system
components. See Safety System
Check 066.
. Visually inspect fuel system for
damage or leaks.
. Visually inspect exhaust system
and nearby heat shields for loose
or damaged parts.
. Lubricate body components. See
Exterior Care 0298.
. Check starter switch. See Starter
Switch Check 0256. .
Check automatic transmission
shift lock control function. See
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock
Control Function Check 0257.
. Check parking brake and
automatic transmission park
mechanism. See Park Brake and
P (Park) Mechanism Check 0257.
. Check accelerator pedal for
damage, high effort, or binding.
Replace if needed.
. Visually inspect gas strut for signs
of wear, cracks, or other damage.
Check the hold open ability of the
strut. See your dealer if service is
required.
. Check tire sealant expiration date,
if equipped. See Tire Sealant and
Compressor Kit 0286.
. Inspect sunroof track and seal,
if equipped. See Sunroof048.
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 311
Maintenance Schedule
Additional Required Services -
Severe12 000 km/7,500 mi
24 000 km/15,000 mi
36 000 km/22,500 mi
48 000 km/30,000 mi
60 000 km/37,500 mi
72 000 km/45,000 mi
84 000 km/52,500 mi
96 000 km/60,000 mi
108 000 km/67,500 mi
120 000 km/75,000 mi
132 000 km/82,500 mi
144 000 km/90,000 mi
156 000 km/97,500 mi
168 000 km/105,000 mi
180 000 km/112,500 mi
192 000 km/120,000 mi
204 000 km/127,500 mi
216 000 km/135,000 mi
228 000 km/142,500 mi
240 000 km/150,000 mi
Rotate tires and perform Required Services. Check
engine oil level and oil life percentage. Change
engine oil and filter, if needed.@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @
Replace passenger compartment air filter. (1)@ @@@@@
Inspect evaporative control system. (2)@ @@
Replace engine air cleaner filter. (3)@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @
Change automatic transmission fluid and filter.@@@
Change rear axle fluid.@@@
2.0L or 3.6L Twin Turbo Engine Only: Replace spark
plugs. Inspect spark plug wires.@ @
Except 2.0L or 3.6L Twin Turbo Engine: Replace
spark plugs. Inspect spark plug wires.@
Drain and fill engine cooling system. (4)@
Visually inspect accessory drive belts. (5)@
Replace brake fluid. (6)
Footnotes—Maintenance Schedule
Additional Required Services -
Severe
(1) Or every two years, whichever
comes first. More frequent passenger
compartment air filter replacement may be needed if driving in areas with
heavy traffic, poor air quality, high
dust levels, or environmental
allergens. Passenger compartment air
filter replacement may also be needed
if there is reduced airf low, window
fogging, or odors. Your GM dealer can
help determine when to replace the
filter.
(2)
Visually check all fuel and vapor
lines and hoses for proper attachment,
connection, routing, and condition.
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
314 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants
UsageFluid/Lubricant
Automatic Transmission DEXRON
®-HP Automatic Transmission Fluid (GM Part No. 19331925).
Chassis Lubrication Chassis Lubricant (GM Part No. 12377985) or lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI #2, Category LB or GC-LB.
Engine Coolant 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and use only DEX-COOL
®Coolant. See
Engine Coolant 0248.
Engine Oil Engine oil meeting the dexos1™ specification of the proper SAE viscosity grade.
ACDelco dexos1 Synthetic Blend is recommended. See Engine Oil0241.
Hood Latch Assembly, Secondary Latch,
Pivots, Spring Anchor, and Release Pawl Lubriplate Lubricant Aerosol (GM Part No. 89021668) or lubricant meeting
requirements of NLGI #2, Category LB or GC-LB.
Hydraulic Brake System DOT 3 Hydraulic Brake Fluid (GM Part No. 19299818).
Key Lock Cylinders, Hood and Door Hinges Multi-Purpose Lubricant, Superlube (GM Part No. 12346241).
Rear Axle (Limited Slip Differential) DEXRON LS Gear 75W-90 (GM Part No. 88862624). Rear Axle (Non-Limited Slip Differential) Gear DEXRON MTF 75W-90 (GM Part No. 88863089).
Weatherstrip Conditioning Weatherstrip Lubricant (GM Part No. 3634770) or Dielectric Silicone Grease (GM Part No. 12345579).
Windshield Washer Automotive windshield washer fluid that meets regional freeze protection requirements.
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
326 INDEX
Automatic (cont'd)Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Automatic Transmission Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
B
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255Exterior Lighting Battery
Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Power Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Voltage and Charging Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Blade Replacement, Wiper . . . . . . . . . 257
Brake System Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Antilock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195, 196
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Automatic Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Break-In, New Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Back-up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Bulb Replacement (cont'd)
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
High Intensity Discharge
(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
License Plate Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
C
Capacities and Specifications . . . . . . 319
Carbon Monoxide Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Cargo Tie-Downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Caution, Danger, and Warning . . . . . . . . 2
Center Console Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Charging Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Check Malfunction Indicator EngineLight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Child Restraints Infants and Young Children . . . . . . . . 81 Child Restraints (cont'd)
Lower Anchors and Tethers for
Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91, 93
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Cleaning Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Climate Control Systems Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160, 163
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Compartments Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Competitive Driving Mode . . . . . . . . . 201
Composite Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Compressor Kit, Tire Sealant . . . . . . . 286
Control Traction and ElectronicStability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Coolant
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Engine Temperature Gauge . . . . . . 111
Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
328 INDEX
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . 146
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . 152
F
FeaturesMemory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Filter,
Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . 148
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . 244
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Forward Automatic Braking . . . . . . . . 221
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Front Seats
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Fuel (cont'd)
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Filling a Portable Fuel
Container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 120
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Fuses
Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . 261
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 265
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
G
GaugesEngine Coolant Temperature . . . . 111
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Warning Lights and
Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
General Information Service and Maintenance . . . . . . . . 306
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 General Information (cont'd)
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
H
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Hazard Warning Flashers . . . . . . . . . . 148
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Head-up Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Headlamps Adaptive ForwardLighting (AFL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . 147
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Heated
Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160, 163