2016 FORD F650 towing

ESSENTIAL TOWING CHECKS
See Load limits in the Load Carrying
chapter for load specification terms found
on the tire label and Safety Compliance
label and instructions on calculating your
vehicle's load.
Remember to account for the trailer
tongue weight as part of your vehicle load
when calculating the total vehicle weight.
Hitches
Do not use a hitch that either clamps onto
the bumper or attaches to the axle. You
must distribute the load in your trailer so
that 10-15% of the total weight of the
trailer is on the tongue.
Safety Chains
Note: Do not attach safety chains to the
bumper.
Always connect the safety chains to the
frame or hook retainers of your vehicle
hitch.
To connect the safety chains, cross the
chains under the trailer tongue and allow
enough slack for turning tight corners. Do
not allow the chains to drag on the ground.
Trailer Brakes WARNING
Do not connect a trailer's hydraulic
brake system directly to your
vehicle's brake system. Your vehicle
may not have enough braking power and
your chances of having a collision greatly
increase. Electric brakes and manual, automatic or
surge-type trailer brakes are safe if you
install them properly and adjust them to
the manufacturer's specifications. The
trailer brakes must meet local and federal
regulations. The rating for the tow vehicle's braking
system operation is at the gross vehicle
weight rating, not the gross combined
weight rating.
Trailer Lamps
WARNING
Never connect any trailer lamp wiring
to the vehicle's tail lamp wiring; this
may damage the electrical system
resulting in fire. Contact your authorized
dealer as soon as possible for assistance
in proper trailer tow wiring installation.
Additional electrical equipment may be
required. Trailer lamps are required on most towed
vehicles. Make sure all running lights, brake
lights, turn signals and hazard lights are
working.
Before Towing a Trailer
Practice turning, stopping and backing up
to get the feel of your vehicle-trailer
combination before starting on a trip.
When turning, make wider turns so the
trailer wheels clear curbs and other
obstacles.
When Towing a Trailer
•
Check your hitch, electrical connections
and trailer wheel lug nuts thoroughly
after you have traveled 50 miles (80
kilometers).
• When stopped in congested or heavy
traffic during hot weather, place the
gearshift in position
P or position N to
aid engine and transmission cooling
and to help air conditioning
performance.
• Turn off the speed control with heavy
loads or in hilly terrain. The speed
control may turn off automatically
when you are towing on long, steep
grades.
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•
Shift to a lower gear when driving down
a long or steep hill. Do not apply the
brakes continuously, as they may
overheat and become less effective.
• If your transmission is equipped with
the Tow/Haul feature, use this feature
when towing. This provides engine
braking and helps eliminate excessive
transmission shifting for optimum fuel
economy and transmission cooling.
• Allow more distance for stopping with
a trailer attached. Anticipate stops and
brake gradually.
TRANSPORTING THE VEHICLE WARNING
To reduce the risk of personal injury
or property damage when manually
releasing the spring brakes, be sure
to block the wheels so the vehicle cannot
move once the brakes are released. Note:
Make sure to connect your vehicle
securely to the tow vehicle and that the tow
vehicle ’s parking brakes are set before
releasing the disabled vehicle ’s spring
brakes.
Before moving the disabled vehicle, check
for adequate road clearance of vehicle
components. If possible, unload the
disabled vehicle before towing. This
reduces any abnormal load to the vehicle
components resulting from the towing
procedures. Before towing, make sure to
release the parking brake fully. You can
reset the spring-actuated type parking
brake by recharging the air system with at
least 64 psi (441 kPa) of air. If the brake
system does not retain air pressure, then
you must release the spring brakes
manually. See
Parking Brake (page 121). Towing the Vehicle with the Front
Wheels Suspended
Note:
To avoid transmission damage, do
not tow your vehicle even a short distance
without suspending rear wheels or removing
the axle shafts or driveshaft.
Note: When towing a vehicle equipped with
a tandem axle from the front, raise the
forward rear axle so it can clear the road
surface and secure it to the frame with
chains or U-bolts, allowing only the rear rear
axle to contact the road surface. Remove
axle shafts from the rear rear axle assembly.
Cover the wheel hub ends to prevent loss
of axle lubricant and entrance of
contaminants. Use extreme care in securing
the chains or U-bolts to avoid possible
damage to the brake lines, hoses or other
components.
When it is necessary to tow a vehicle with
the front wheels suspended, take extra
precautions to avoid transmission or
differential damage:
• Remove the axle shafts from the axle
assembly to prevent the wheels from
driving the differential and the
transmission.
• Cover the wheel hub ends to prevent
loss of axle lubricant and entrance of
other contaminants. If you do not
remove the axle shafts, removal of the
driveshaft is required.
Towing the Vehicle with the Rear
Wheels Suspended
Note: To avoid damage to the cab roof or
air deflector when towing your vehicle
backward (rear wheels suspended), remove
the air deflector.
Whenever possible, it is preferable to tow
a disabled vehicle from the rear by raising
the rear of the chassis. When towing a
vehicle with the rear of the chassis
suspended, you must lock the front wheels
in the straight-ahead position.
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Towing Vehicles Equipped with a
Driver-controlled Differential Lock
Note:
If you have to tow your vehicle to a
service facility with the drive axle wheels on
the ground, it is necessary to remove the
axle shafts before towing your vehicle.
Removing Axle Shafts before Towing
1. Shift the main differential to the unlocked (disengaged) position; the
differential lock light turns off.
2. Remove the cap screws and washers or stud nuts and washers from flanges
of both axle shafts.
3. Loosen the tapered dowels in the flanges of both axle shafts by holding
a 1 ½-inch diameter brass drift or
hammer against the axle shaft center
and hitting it with a five or six pound
hammer.
Note: Do not use a chisel or wedge to
loosen the axle shafts and dowels. Use of
a chisel or wedge can damage the hub, axle
shafts and oil seals.
4. Remove the tapered dowels and both axle shafts from the axle assembly.
5. Assemble a cover over openings of both wheel ends to prevent loss of
lubricant and keep dirt away from the
wheel bearing cavities.
Note: One of the axle shafts has two sets
of splines. One set to engage with the
differential side gear and one set to engage
with the shift collar for the differential lock.
It may be necessary to rotate the shaft
slightly to align the gear spline teeth with
the shift collar teeth in order to remove the
axle shaft.
Installing the Axle Shafts
1. Remove the covers from the wheel ends.
2. Shift the differential lock to the unlocked (disengaged) position. 3. Install the axle shafts as outlined in
Steps 4 through 10.
4. Place the gaskets on the wheel hub studs.
5. Push the right-hand axle shaft and gasket into the wheel end and housing
until the shaft stops against the
differential shift collar.
6. Push down and in on the axle shaft flange and rotate the shaft until the
splines of the shaft and shift collar are
engaged.
7. Push the axle shaft further into the housing until the shaft stops against
the differential side gear.
8. Push down on the axle shaft flange and
rotate the shaft until the splines of the
shaft and side gear engage.
9. Push the axle shaft completely into the
housing until the axle shaft flange and
the gasket are flush against the wheel
hub.
10. Install the left-hand axle shaft and gasket into the wheel end.
11. If tapered dowels are required, install
them at each stud and into the flange
of the axle shaft. Use a punch or drift
and hammer, if needed.
12. Install the fasteners and tighten to correct torque value. See the
Workshop Manual.
FIFTH WHEEL OPERATION WARNINGS
Failure to follow the fifth wheel
manufacturer
’s instructions for
hooking and unhooking as well as
sliding the fifth wheel could result in an
accident, personal injury or death.
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WARNINGS
When the tractor and trailer are
parked unattended, the trailer brake
hand control should never be used
to apply the brake, since air may leak from
the system, allowing vehicle movement,
resulting in possible property damage,
personal injury or death. Before hook-up, make sure:
•
The fifth wheel jaws are fully open.
• The fifth wheel is fully tilted back to
prevent body damage when the tractor
is backed under a trailer.
• You block the trailer wheels and adjust
and apply the trailer spring brakes.
Never chase a trailer.
• The brake hoses and light cords are
clear of the fifth wheel.
Hook-up
1. Back the tractor squarely under the trailer, engaging the fifth-wheel jaws
on the kingpin. Always back up slowly;
make sure the trailer is neither too high
nor too low. Avoid backing under the
trailer from an angle.
2. Connect the service and emergency brake hoses and trailer light connector.
3. Inspect the jaws of the fifth wheel to be sure they have fully closed on the
trailer kingpin and the trailer plate is
resting securely on the fifth wheel.
4. Make sure the coupler release lever is in the locked position.
5. Charge the trailer brake system. Set the trailer brakes, with either the hand
valve or tractor protection valve. Pull
against the trailer for an extra check of
proper hook-up. Do not pull hard
enough to damage or strain the
equipment.
6. Set the tractor parking brakes and fully
raise the trailer landing gear. 7.
Check the operation of all trailer lights
and correct any lights that may be
faulty.
Un-hook
1. Try to keep the tractor and trailer in a straight line.
2. Apply the parking brakes.
3. Lower the trailer landing gear, making sure it is on solid, level ground. The
weight of the trailer is to be on the
landing gear.
4. Block the trailer wheels.
5. Disconnect the brake hoses and light cords. Be sure hoses and cords are
clear.
6. Pull coupler release lever to disengage
the fifth wheel jaws.
7. Release the tractor parking brakes.
8. Pull out from the trailer slowly, allowing
the landing gear to take the load
gradually.
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BREAKING-IN
You need to break in new tires for
approximately 300 mi (480 km). During
this time, your vehicle may exhibit some
unusual driving characteristics.
Avoid driving too fast during the first
1,000 mi (1,600 km)
. Vary your speed
frequently and change up through the
gears early. Do not labor the engine.
Drive your new vehicle at least
500 mi
(800 km) before towing a trailer. Make
sure you use the specified engine oil. See
Capacities and Specifications
(page
261).
Do not add friction modifier compounds
or special break-in oils during the first few
thousand miles (kilometers) of operation.
These additives may prevent piston ring
seating.
GENERAL DRIVING POINTS
General Information
• Accelerate smoothly and evenly. Rapid
acceleration increases fuel
consumption without increasing engine
performance.
• When approaching a hill, press the
accelerator smoothly to start the
incline at full power, and then shift
down as needed to maintain vehicle
speed.
• When going down a hill, or long steep
grades, prevent overspeeding of the
engine. Normally, choose the same
gear to descend the hill that you use to
ascend the hill. The engine governor
has no control over engine speed when
it is being pushed by a loaded vehicle. •
Do not operate in a gear that permits
an engine speed more than the
maximum governed speed or high-idle
RPM (no load).
• Always shift to a lower gear at high
altitudes to prevent engine smoking.
Backing Up WARNINGS
All vehicles have blind spots. To
reduce the risk of severe injury or
property damage, never move your
vehicle to the side or rear or change lanes
without being sure your way is clear on
both sides and to your rear. To reduce the risk of the possibility
of personal injury while backing up
the vehicle, always be sure your
vehicle ’s path is clear. Before backing up your vehicle, be sure you
can do so safely. If anything behind the cab
limits your view, do not rely on mirrors
alone to make sure that your intended path
is clear. If other people are in the vicinity,
have someone standing well behind your
vehicle and outside of your intended path
(visible through an exterior mirror) guide
you as you back up.
Although OSHA or some governmental
regulations may require the use of an
electrical or mechanical back up alarm to
warn bystanders, such an alarm does not
guarantee that the intended path is clear.
When in doubt, get out of your vehicle and
visually check the intended path is clear.
Back up slowly as to allow others time to
move, if necessary.
If you install an electrical back up alarm,
connect it to the backup lamp circuit.
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ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE
Vehicles Sold in the United States:
Getting Roadside Assistance
To fully assist you should you have a
vehicle concern, Ford Motor Company
offers a complimentary roadside
assistance program. This program is
separate from the New Vehicle Limited
Warranty. The service is available:
•
24 hours a day, seven days a week.
• For the coverage period listed on the
Roadside Assistance Card included in
your Owner's Manual portfolio.
Roadside Assistance covers:
• A flat tire change with a good spare, if
provided with the vehicle (except
vehicles supplied with a tire inflation
kit).
• Battery jump start.
• Lock-out assistance (key replacement
cost is the customer's responsibility).
• Fuel delivery — independent service
contractors, if not prohibited by state,
local or municipal law, shall deliver up
to 2 gal (7.6 L) of gasoline or 5 gal
(18.9 L) of diesel fuel to a disabled
vehicle. Roadside Assistance limits fuel
delivery service to two no-charge
occurrences within a 12-month period.
• Winch out — available within
100 ft
(30.5 m) of a paved or county
maintained road, no recoveries.
• Towing — independent service
contractors, if not prohibited by state,
local or municipal law, shall tow Ford
eligible vehicles to an authorized dealer
within
35 mi (56 km) of the
disablement location or to the nearest authorized dealer. If a member
requests a tow to an authorized dealer
that is more than
35 mi (56 km) from
the disablement location, the member
shall be responsible for any mileage
costs in excess of
35 mi (56 km).
Roadside Assistance includes up to $200
for a towed trailer if the disabled eligible
vehicle requires service at the nearest
authorized dealer. If the towing vehicle is
operational but the trailer is not, then the
trailer does not qualify for any roadside
services.
Vehicles Sold in the United States:
Using Roadside Assistance
Complete the roadside assistance
identification card and place it in your
wallet for quick reference. This card is in
the owner's information portfolio in the
glove compartment.
United States Ford vehicle customers who
require Roadside Assistance, call
1-800-241-3673.
If you need to arrange roadside assistance
for yourself, Ford Motor Company
reimburses a reasonable amount for
towing to the nearest dealership within
35 mi (56 km)
. To obtain reimbursement
information, United States Ford vehicle
customers call 1-800-241-3673.
Customers need to submit their original
receipts.
Vehicles Sold in Canada: Getting
Roadside Assistance
Canadian customers who require roadside
assistance, call 1-800-665-2006.
Vehicles Sold in Canada: Using
Roadside Assistance
For your convenience, you may complete
the roadside assistance identification card
found in the centerfold of your warranty
guide and retain for future reference.
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•
Towing a trailer over 1,000 mi
(1,600 km).
• Sustained, high-speed driving at Gross
Vehicle Weight Rating (maximum
loaded weight for vehicle operation).
• Use of fuels with sulfur content other
than ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD).
• Use of high-sulfur diesel fuel.
CHANGING THE COALESCER
FILTER ELEMENT WARNING
Do not dispose of engine oil or oil
filters in the household refuse or the
public sewage system. Use an
authorized waste disposal facility. Do not clean or recondition the filter
element.
We recommend that you demand the use
of genuine Ford and Motorcraft® parts
whenever your vehicle requires scheduled
maintenance or repair. Use the correct
specification filter element. See
Motorcraft Parts
(page 253).
Note: Operating your vehicle without a filter
element or with an unapproved filter
element may result in damage to the turbo
charger or exchanger and could lead to
engine damage that may not be covered by
the vehicle Warranty. Filter cover.
A
Filter element.
B
Filter housing.
C
1. Clean the filter cover and remove the bolts.
2. Carefully remove the filter cover.
3. Remove used filter element from the filter housing and carefully dispose of
it.
4. Make sure that the sealing surfaces on
the filter housing and cover are clean
and free of debris.
5. Install the new filter element.
6. Install the filter cover.
7. Install the bolts finger-tight.
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A
B
C

Engine-driven Cooling Fan (Fan
Clutch)
Your vehicle is equipped with an engine
driven cooling fan drive (also called a fan
clutch). This fan drive changes the fan
speed to match the vehicle
’s changing
cooling air flow requirements. Fan speed,
fan noise level and fuel consumption all
will increase based on the driving
conditions that include trailer towing, hill
climbing, heavy loads, high speed and high
ambient temperature, individually or in
combination.
The fan drive is designed to provide the
minimum fan speed (and resulting
minimum fan noise and fuel consumption)
required to meet the ever changing vehicle
cooling air flow requirements. You will hear
the amount of fan noise increasing and
decreasing as the engine power
requirements and vehicle driving conditions
change as you drive. This is to be expected
as being normal to the operation of your
vehicle. High levels of fan noise might also
be heard when your engine is first started,
and should normally decrease after driving
for a short time.
What You Should Know About Fail-
Safe Cooling
If the engine coolant supply is depleted,
this feature allows the vehicle to be driven
temporarily before incremental component
damage is incurred. The “fail-safe”
distance depends on ambient
temperatures, vehicle load and terrain.
How Fail-Safe Cooling Works
If the engine begins to overheat, the engine
coolant temperature gauge will move to
the red (hot) area and: The coolant temperature
warning light will illuminate. The service engine soon
indicator will illuminate.
If the engine reaches a preset
over-temperature condition, the engine
will automatically switch to alternating
cylinder operation. Each disabled cylinder
acts as an air pump and cools the engine.
When this occurs the vehicle will still
operate. However:
• The engine power will be limited.
• The air conditioning system will be
disabled.
Continued operation will increase the
engine temperature and the engine will
completely shut down, causing steering
and braking effort to increase.
Once the engine temperature cools, the
engine can be re-started. Take your vehicle
to an authorized dealer as soon as possible
to minimize engine damage.
When Fail-Safe Mode Is Activated WARNINGS
Fail-safe mode is for use during
emergencies only. Operate your
vehicle in fail-safe mode only as long
as necessary to bring your vehicle to rest
in a safe location and seek immediate
repairs. When in fail-safe mode, your
vehicle will have limited power, will not be
able to maintain high-speed operation, and
may completely shut down without
warning, potentially losing engine power,
power steering assist, and power brake
assist, which may increase the possibility
of a crash resulting in serious injury. Never remove the coolant reservoir
cap while the engine is running or hot.
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