Black plate (1,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
Vehicle Care 10-1
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Proposition65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Perchlorate Materials Requirements . . . . 10-2
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Lifting the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your Own Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-18
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Manual Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-20
Cooling System (Engine) . . . 10-22 Cooling System (Aero
Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-27
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-34
Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-35
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-36
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Windshield Replacement . . . 10-37
Headlamp Aiming
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . 10-38
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-39
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-47
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-48
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
Competition OrientedTires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-51
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-52
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-53
Tire Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57
Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-58
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-59
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-60
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-62
Black plate (19,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
Vehicle Care 10-19
If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON
message comes back on when the
vehicle is started, the engine oil life
system has not reset. Repeat the
procedure.
Automatic Transmission
Fluid
How to Check Automatic
Transmission Fluid
It is not necessary to check the
transmission fluid level.
A transmission fluid leak is the only
reason for fluid loss. If a leak
occurs, take the vehicle to the
dealer and have it repaired as soon
as possible.
The vehicle is not equipped with a
transmission fluid level dipstick.
There is a special procedure for
checking and changing the
transmission fluid. Because this
procedure is difficult, this should be
done at the dealer. Contact the
dealer for additional information or
the procedure can be found in theservice manual. To purchase a
service manual, see
Service
Publications Ordering Information
on page 13-11.
{Caution
Use of the incorrect automatic
transmission fluid may damage
the vehicle, and the damage may
not be covered by the vehicle
warranty. Always use the
automatic transmission fluid listed
in Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants on page 11-12.
Change the fluid and filter at the
intervals listed in Maintenance
Schedule on page 11-2, and be sure
to use the fluid listed in
Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants on page 11-12.
Manual Transmission
Fluid
It is not necessary to check the
manual transmission fluid level.
A transmission fluid leak is the only
reason for fluid loss. If a leak
occurs, take the vehicle to the
dealer and have it repaired as soon
as possible. See Recommended
Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12
for the proper fluid to use.
Hydraulic Clutch
It is not necessary to regularly
check clutch fluid unless you
suspect there is a leak in the
system. Adding fluid will not correct
a leak. A fluid loss in this system
could indicate a problem. Have the
system inspected and repaired.
The fluid will darken over time. See
Maintenance Schedule on
page 11-2 for when to replace the
fluid.
Black plate (7,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
Service and Maintenance 11-7
Maintenance Schedule
Additional Required
Services - Severe12 000 km/7,500 mi
24 000 km/15,000 mi
36 000 km/22,500 mi
48 000 km/30,000 mi
60 000 km/37,500 mi
72 000 km/45,000 mi
84 000 km/52,500 mi
96 000 km/60,000 mi
108 000 km/67,500 mi
120 000 km/75,000 mi
132 000 km/82,500 mi
144 000 km/90,000 mi
156 000 km/97,500 mi
168 000 km/105,000 mi 180 000 km/112,500 mi
192 000 km/120,000 mi
204 000 km/127,500 mi
216 000 km/135,000 mi
228 000 km/142,500 mi
240 000 km/150,000 mi
Perform Required Services. Check engine oil
level and oil life percentage. Change engine oil
and filter, if needed.@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @
Replace passenger compartment air filter. (1)@ @@@@@
Inspect evaporative control system. (2)@ @@
Replace engine air cleaner filter. (3)@@@@
Change automatic transmission fluid and filter.@ @@
Change manual transmission fluid.@@@
LT1 Engine: Replace spark plugs. Inspect spark
plug wires.@
LT4 Supercharged Engine: Replace spark plugs.
Inspect spark plug wires.@ @
Drain and fill engine cooling system. (4)@
Change rear axle fluid.@@@
Visually inspect accessory drive belts. (5)@
Replace brake fluid. (6)@@@
Replace clutch fluid. (6)@@@
Black plate (12,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
11-12 Service and Maintenance
Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants
Fluids and lubricants identified below by name, part number, or specification can be obtained from your dealer.Usage Fluid/Lubricant
Engine Oil Use only engine oil meeting the dexos1™ specification of the proper SAE
viscosity grade. Look for the dexos1 approved logo for GM approved
engine oil. For track events or competitive driving, use Mobil 1
®engine oil.
See Engine Oil on page 10-12.
Engine Coolant 40/60 coolant/water mixture of clean, drinkable water and use only DEX-COOL
®Coolant. SeeEngine Coolant on page 10-25.
Hydraulic Brake System DOT 3 Hydraulic Brake Fluid (GM Part No. 19299818, in Canada 19299819).
Windshield Washer Automotive windshield washer fluid that meets regional freeze protection requirements.
Hydraulic Clutch System Hydraulic Clutch Fluid. Use only GM Part No. 19299570, in Canada 19299571, Super DOT 4 brake fluid.
Chassis Lubrication Chassis Lubricant (GM Part No. 12377985, in Canada 88901242) or lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI #2, Category LB or GC-LB.
Automatic Transmission DEXRON
®-HP Automatic Transmission Fluid (GM Part No. 19300536, in
Canada 19300537).
Black plate (1,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
INDEX i-1
A
Accessories andModifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Active Fuel Management
®. . . . . 9-26
Active Rev Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-58
Additional Information OnStar
®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
Additional Maintenance
and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
Adjustments Lumbar, Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . 10-20
Air Dam, Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
Air Filter, Passenger Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Airbag System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
How Does an AirbagRestrain? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20 Airbag System (cont'd)
What Makes an Airbag
Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
What Will You See after an
Airbag Inflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
When Should an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . 3-17
Airbags
Adding Equipment to theVehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Passenger Status Indicator . . . 5-17
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Servicing Airbag-Equipped Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Alarm Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Appearance Care Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-84
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-89
Assistance Program, Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5 Automatic
Dimming Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28
Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Automatic Transmission
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
Shift Lock ControlFunction Check . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36
Axle, Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35
B
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-34
Exterior Lighting BatterySaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-80
Power Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Voltage and Charging Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Blade Replacement, Wiper . . . 10-37
Boost Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Brake Parking, Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-36
System Warning Light . . . . . . . . 5-21
Black plate (4,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
i-4 INDEX
Electrical SystemEngine Compartment
Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
Emergency OnStar
®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Check and Service Engine
Soon Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . 10-7
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Cooling System . . . . . . 10-22, 10-24
Cooling System Messages . . . 5-37
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Oil Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 Engine (cont'd)
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . 9-27
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-22
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . 13-14
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Extender, Safety Belt . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . 6-2
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
F
FeaturesMemory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . 6-4
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-70
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-92 Fluid
Automatic Transmission . . . . 10-19
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Frequency Statement Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-12
Front Air Dam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
Front Seats Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-54
Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-55
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-56
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-55
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . 5-25
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Requirements, California . . . . . 9-55
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Black plate (7,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
INDEX i-7
M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-15
Maintenance and Care Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . 11-2 Recommended Fluids
and Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-12
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . 5-18
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
Manual Transmission . . . . . . . . . . 9-32 Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Matching Active Rev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Memory Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Memory Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Messages Airbag System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-42
Battery Voltage andCharging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35
Convertible Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36
Engine Cooling System . . . . . . . 5-37
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37 Messages (cont'd)
Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Key and Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-39
Ride Control System . . . . . . . . . . 5-39
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-42
Service Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-42
Starting the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 5-43
Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-43
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Vehicle Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45
Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45
Mirrors Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Automatic Dimming
Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Manual Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Tilt in Reverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Mirrors, Interior Rearview . . . . . . 2-21 Mode
Driver Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-40
Monitor System, Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-59
N
NavigationOnStar®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
Net, Convenience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
New Vehicle Break-In . . . . . . . . . . 9-19
O
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Oil Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-18
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
Older Children, Restraints . . . . . 3-27
Online Owner Center . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15
OnStar
®
System, In Brief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Black plate (11,1)Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
7576293) - 2015 - crc - 10/31/14
INDEX i-11
Tires (cont'd)Wheel Alignment and Tire
Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-68
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-68
When It Is Time for New
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-63
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-48
Towing General Information . . . . . . . . . . 9-58
Recreational Vehicle . . . . . . . . 10-83
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-83
Track Events and Competitive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Traction
Control System (TCS)/StabiliTrak
®Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . 9-48
Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Traction Control/Electronic Stability Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38
Transmission Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28
Fluid, Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Fluid, Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Transportation Program, Courtesy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-7 Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Turn and Lane-Change
Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
U
Uniform Tire QualityGrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-66
Universal Remote System . . . . . 5-52 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-55
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-52
Using This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
V
Vehicle Alarm System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Canadian Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
IdentificationNumber (VIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34
Personalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45
Reminder Messages . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Remote Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 Vehicle (cont'd)
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Speed Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-83
Vehicle Care Storing the Tire Sealantand Compressor Kit . . . . . . . 10-79
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57
Vehicle Data Recording
and Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14
Vehicle Diagnostics OnStar
®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
Ventilation, Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Visors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
W
Warning Brake System Light . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Warning Lights, Gauges, and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Cautions and Danger . . . . . . . . . . . .iv
Hazard Flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29 Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45