2014 VOLVO XC90 check oil

Introduction
Environment
13
Volvo and the environment
Volvo is committed to the well being of its customers. As a natural part of this commit-ment, we care about the environment inwhich we all live. Caring for the environmentmeans an everyday involvement in reducingour environmental impact. Volvo's environ-mental activities are based on a holistic view,which means we consider the overall environ-mental impact of a product throughout itscomplete life cycle. In this context, design,production, product use, and recycling are allimportant considerations. In production,Volvo has partly or completely phased outseveral chemicals including CFCs, lead chro-mates, asbestos, and cadmium; and reducedthe number of chemicals used in ourplants 50% since 1991. Volvo was the first in the world to introduce into production a three-way catalytic con-verter with a Lambda sond, now called theheated oxygen sensor, in 1976. The currentversion of this highly efficient system reducesemissions of harmful substances (CO, HC,NOx) from the exhaust pipe by approximately95 – 99% and the search to eliminate theremaining emissions continues. Volvo is theonly automobile manufacturer to offer CFC-free retrofit kits for the air conditioning systemof all models as far back as the 1975model 240. Advanced electronic engine con-trols and cleaner fuels are bringing us closerto our goal. In addition to continuous environ-mental refinement of conventional gasoline-powered internal combustion engines, Volvois actively looking at advanced technologyalternative-fuel vehicles. When you drive a Volvo, you become our partner in the work to lessen the car's impacton the environment. To reduce your vehicle'senvironmental impact, you can: •
Maintain proper air pressure in your tires. Tests have shown decreased fuel econ-omy with improperly inflated tires.
• Follow the recommended maintenanceschedule in your Warranty and ServiceRecords Information booklet.
• Drive at a constant speed whenever pos-sible.
• See a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician as soon as possible forinspection if the check engine (malfunc-tion indicator) light illuminates, or stayson after the vehicle has started.
• Properly dispose of any vehicle-relatedwaste such as used motor oil, used bat-teries, brake pads, etc.
• When cleaning your vehicle, please usegenuine Volvo car care products. AllVolvo car care products are formulated tobe environmentally friendly.
FSC®
The FSC ®
(Forest Stewardship Council ®
)
symbol indicates that the wood pulp used in this publication comes from FSC ®
certified
forests and other responsible sources.

02 Instruments and controls
Instrument panel
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Gear and driving mode indicator – The currently selected driving mode is dis-played here. If you use the Geartronicfunction on the automatic transmission,the currently selected gear will be dis-played.
Ambient temperature gauge – This dis- play indicates the air temperature outsideyour vehicle. A "snowflake" symbol in thetext window is displayed when the tem-perature is in the range of 23 – 36 °F (–5 –+2 °C). Please note that this symbol doesnot indicate a fault with your vehicle. Atlow speeds or when the vehicle is notmoving, the temperature readings may beslightly higher than the actual ambienttemperature.
Clock/set button – Turn the button to set the clock.
Fuel gauge – see page 288 for fuel tank volume. When the warning light in thegauge comes on, the vehicle should berefueled as soon as possible. The tripcomputer section (see page 76) pro-vides more information on fuel level andconsumption.
Indicator and warning symbols – The indi- cator and warning symbols1
light up when you turn the ignition key to the driving position (position II) before starting.
G027134
This shows that the symbols are functioning. When the engine starts, all symbols go out. Ifthe engine is not started within 5 seconds, all symbols except
CHECK ENGINE and
go out. Certain symbols may not have their functions illustrated, depending on the vehi-cle's equipment. The symbol for the parkingbrake goes out when the parking brake isreleased.
Warning/information symbol in center of the instrument panel
This symbol shines as a red or yellow light depending on thenature of the information dis-played.
Red symbol – Stop the vehicle as soon as
possible in a suitable location and read the message shown in the text window. The sym-bol and accompanying text will remain onuntil the fault has been corrected. Yellow symbol – Follow the instructions
shown in the text window. The text can be erased by pressing the READ button (see
page 62), or will disappear automaticallyafter two minutes.
NOTE
When the message TIME FOR REGULAR
SERVICE is displayed, the text can be
erased and the yellow symbol light can be turned off by pressing the READ button.
The text will disappear and the symbollight will go out automatically after twominutes.
1 On certain engines, the symbol for low oil pressure is not used. Instead, a text warning is provided in the information display, see page 222.

02 Instruments and controls
Instrument panel
02
60
Seat belt reminderThis symbol lights up to indicate that the driver has not fastenedhis/her seat belt.
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)If this light comes on while the vehicle is being driven, or remainson for longer than approximately10 seconds after the vehicle hasbeen started, the SRS system's
diagnostic functions have detected a fault ina seat belt lock or pretensioner, a front air-bag, side impact airbag, and/or an inflatablecurtain. Have the system(s) inspected by atrained and qualified Volvo service technicianas soon as possible.
BRAKE – Brake failure warning lightIf the light comes on while driving or braking, stop immediately, open the hood and checkthe brake fluid level in the reservoir. seepage 225.
Canadian models are equippedwith this warning light.
If the BRAKE and ABS warning lights come on at the same time, this could indicate afault in the brake system.
• Stop the vehicle in a suitable place and switch off the engine.
• Restart the engine.
• If both warning lights go off, no furtheraction is required.
• If both lights are still on after the enginehas been restarted, switch off the engineagain and check the brake fluid level (seepage 225 for the location of the brakefluid reservoir).
If the brake fluid level is above the MIN mark,
drive carefully to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake systeminspected.
WARNING
If the fluid level is below the MIN mark in
the reservoir or if a Brake failure –
Service urgent message is displayed in
the text window: DO NOT DRIVE. Have
the vehicle towed to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have thebrake system inspected.
PARK BRAKE Parking brake appliedThis light will be on when the parking brake (hand brake) is applied. The parking brakepedal is located on the left side of the driver'sfootwell, see page 80 for more information.
Canadian models are equippedwith this symbol.
Oil pressure warning light 2If the light comes on while driv- ing, stop the vehicle and thenstop the engine immediatelyand check the engine oil level, see page 62. If the light stays
on after restart, have the vehicle towed to the nearest trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician. After hard driving, the light maycome on occasionally when the engine isidling. This is normal, provided it goes offwhen the engine speed is increased.
Generator warning lightIf the light comes on while the engine is running, have the charg-ing system checked.
2 On certain engines, the symbol for low oil pressure is not used. Instead, a text warning is provided in the information display, see page 62.

06 Starting and driving
General information
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Engine oil
Although some oil consumption occurs dur- ing normal engine operation, more oil is con-sumed when the engine is new as the internalparts generate higher friction while wearing-into each other. From the time the engine isnew until the first maintenance is performed,the oil consumption could be higher than nor-mal. For this reason, it is especially importantto check the oil regularly during this period,see page 222.
Fuel requirements
Deposit control gasoline (detergent additives)
Volvo recommends the use of detergent gas- oline to control engine deposits. Detergentgasoline is effective in keeping injectors andintake valves clean. Consistent use of depositcontrol gasolines will help ensure good driva-bility and fuel economy. If you are not surewhether the gasoline contains deposit controladditives, check with the service station oper-ator.
NOTE
Volvo does not recommend the use of external fuel injector cleaning systems.
Unleaded fuelEach Volvo has a three-way catalytic con- verter and must use only unleaded gasoline.U.S. and Canadian regulations require thatpumps delivering unleaded gasoline be label-led "UNLEADED". Only these pumps havenozzles which fit your vehicle's filler inlet. It isunlawful to dispense leaded fuel into a vehiclelabelled "unleaded gasoline only". Leadedgasoline damages the three-way catalyticconverter and the heated oxygen sensor sys-tem. Repeated use of leaded gasoline willlessen the effectiveness of the emission con-trol system and could result in loss of emis-sion warranty coverage. State and local vehi-cle inspection programs will make detectionof misfueling easier, possibly resulting inemission test failure for misfueled vehicles.
NOTE
Some U.S. and Canadian gasolines con- tain an octane enhancing additive calledmethyl-cyclopentadienyl manganese tri-carbonyl (MMT). If such fuels are used,your Emission Control System perform-ance may be affected, and the CheckEngine Light (malfunction indicator lamp)located on your instrument panel maylight. If this occurs, please return yourvehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for maintenance.
Gasoline containing alcohol and ethers"Oxygenated fuels" Some fuel suppliers sell gasoline containing "oxygenates" which are usually alcohols orethers. In some areas, state or local lawsrequire that the service pump be marked indi-cating use of alcohols or ethers. However,there are areas in which the pumps areunmarked. If you are not sure whether there isalcohol or ethers in the gasoline you buy,check with the service station operator. Tomeet seasonal air quality standards, someareas require the use of "oxygenated" fuel. Volvo allows the use of the following "oxy- genated" fuels; however, the octane ratingslisted on page 139 must still be met. Alcohol – Ethanol: Fuels containing up to 10% ethanol by volume may be used. Ethanolmay also be referred to as Ethyl alcohol, or"Gasohol". Ethers – MTBE: Fuels containing up to 15% MTBE may be used.

06 Starting and driving
Economical driving
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Economical driving conserves natural resources
Better driving economy may be obtained by thinking ahead, avoiding rapid starts andstops and adjusting the speed of your vehicleto immediate traffic conditions. Observe thefollowing rules:
• Bring the engine to normal operating tem- perature as soon as possible by drivingwith a light foot on the accelerator pedalfor the first few minutes of operation. Acold engine uses more fuel and is subjectto increased wear.
• Whenever possible, avoid using the vehi-cle for driving short distances. This doesnot allow the engine to reach normaloperating temperature.
• Drive carefully and avoid rapid accelera-tion and hard braking.
• Use the transmission's
D (Drive) position
as often as possible and avoid using"kickdown" to help improve fuel econ-omy.
• Do not exceed posted speed limits.
• Avoid carrying unnecessary items (extraload) in the vehicle.
• Maintain correct tire pressure. Check tirepressure regularly (when tires are cold).
• Remove snow tires when threat of snowor ice has ended. •
Note that roof racks, ski racks, etc,increase air resistance and also fuel con-sumption.
• At highway driving speeds, fuel consump-tion will be lower with the air conditioningon and the windows closed than with theair conditioning off and the windowsopen.
• Using the onboard trip computer's fuelconsumption modes can help you learnhow to drive more economically.
Other factors that decrease gas mileage are: • Dirty air cleaner
• Dirty engine oil and clogged oil filter
• Dragging brakes
• Incorrect front end alignment.
Some of the above mentioned items and oth- ers are checked at the standard MaintenanceService intervals.
CAUTION
Drive slowly and carefully if going through standing water (i.e. flooded roadways,etc.). Damage to the engine could result ifexcess water is drawn in through the airintake system. Never drive the vehicle inwater deeper than 18 inches (48 cm).

06 Starting and driving
Towing a trailer
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Points to keep in mind when towing a trailer
•When towing trailers
without brakes, the
maximum permissible trailer weight is 1,700 lbs (750 kg).
• If necessary, redistribute the weight ofany cargo in the trailer to avoid excessiveweight on the trailer hitch.
• The maximum trailer weight listed in thetable for All Wheel Drive models,5,000 lbs (2250 kg) is only applicablewhen there are not more than two occu-pants in the vehicle, in the front seats,with a combined weight of 300 lbs(135 kg), with no other cargo in the vehi-cle.
• The maximum weight listed for FrontWheel Drive models, 4,000 lbs (1800 kg)is only applicable when there are notmore than four occupants in the vehicle,in the front seats and second row ofseats, with a combined weight of 600 lbs(270 kg), with no other cargo in the vehi-cle.
• Vehicles used for towing a trailer on aregular basis, or for long-distance high-way towing should be equipped with anautomatic transmission oil cooler andVolvo's automatic self-leveling system forthe rear suspension. Consult your Volvoretailer. •
Volvo recommends the use of Volvotrailer hitches that are specially designedfor the vehicle.
• All Volvo models are equipped withenergy-absorbing shock-mounted bump-ers. Trailer hitch installation should notinterfere with the proper operation of thisbumper system.
• Increase tire pressure to recommendedfull inflation pressure. See chapter"Wheels and tires."
• When your vehicle is new, avoid towingheavy trailers during the first 620 miles(1,000 km).
• Engine and transmission are subject toincreased loads. Therefore, engine cool-ant temperature should be closelywatched when driving in hot climates orhilly terrain. Use a lower gear and turn offthe air conditioner if the temperaturegauge needle enters the red range.
• If the automatic transmission begins tooverheat, a message will be displayed inthe text window.
• Hauling a trailer affects handling, durabil-ity, and economy.
• It is necessary to balance trailer brakeswith the towing vehicle brakes to providea safe stop (check and observe state/local regulations). •
Do not connect the trailer's brake systemdirectly to the vehicle's brake system.
• Remove the ball and drawbar assemblywhen the hitch is not being used.
• Volvo recommends the use of syntheticengine oil when towing a trailer over longdistances or in mountainous areas.
NOTE
•When parking the vehicle with a trailer on a hill, apply the parking brakebefore putting the gear selector in
P.
When starting on a hill, put the gearselector in D before releasing the park-
ing brake. Always follow the trailermanufacturer's recommendations forwheel chocking.
• If you use the manual (Geartronic) shiftpositions while towing a trailer, makesure the gear you select does not puttoo much strain on the engine (usingtoo high a gear).

06 Starting and driving
Cold weather precautions
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If you wish to check your vehicle before the approach of cold weather, the followingadvice is worth noting:
• Make sure that the engine coolant con- tains 50 percent antifreeze. Any othermixture will reduce freeze protection. Thisgives protection against freezing down to–31 °F (–35 °C). See section "Coolant".
• The use of "recycled" antifreeze is notapproved by Volvo. Different types ofantifreeze must not be mixed.
• Volvo recommends using only genuineVolvo antifreeze in your vehicle's radiator.Your Volvo retailer stocks plenty of Volvoengine coolant to protect your vehicleduring cold weather.
• Try to keep the
fuel tank well filled – this
prevents the formation of condensation inthe tank. In addition, in extremely coldweather conditions it is worthwhile to addfuel line de-icer before refueling.
• The viscosity of the engine oil is impor-tant. Oil with low viscosity (thinner oil)improves cold-weather starting as well asdecreasing fuel consumption while theengine is warming up. Full synthetic0W-30 oil is recommended for driving inareas with sustained low temperatures.
• The load placed on the
battery is greater
during the winter since the windshieldwipers, lighting, etc. are used more often. Moreover, the capacity of the batterydecreases as the temperature drops. Invery cold weather, a poorly charged bat-tery can freeze and be damaged. It istherefore advisable to check the state ofcharge more frequently and spray an anti-rust oil on the battery posts.
• Volvo recommends the use of
snow tires
on all four wheels for winter driving – seesection "Wheels and tires."
• To prevent the
washer fluid reservoir
from freezing, add washer solvents con-taining antifreeze (see page 224 for thelocation of the washer fluid reservoir).This is important since dirt is oftensplashed on the windshield during winterdriving, requiring the frequent use of thewashers and wipers. Volvo Washer Sol-vent should be diluted as follows:
• Down to 14 ° F (–10 ° C):
1 part washer
solvent and 4 parts water
• Down to 5 ° F (–15 ° C):
1 part washer
solvent and 3 parts water
• Down to 0 ° F (–18 ° C):
1 part washer
solvent and 2 parts water
• Down to –18 ° F (–28 ° C):
1 part washer
solvent and 1 part water
• Use Volvo Teflon Lock Spray in the locks.
NOTE
Avoid the use of de-icing sprays as they can cause damage to the locks.
W – Winter/Wet driving mode – enhanced vehicle traction
•Mode W will only function if the gear selector is in the (
D)rive position.
• Press the button at the base of the gearselector to engage/disengage this drivingmode.
• An LED in the button will light up to indi-cate that W is engaged and this will alsobe displayed in the instrument panel (seepage 58).
• This mode may be selected for starting/moving off on slippery roads.

06 Starting and driving
Before a long distance trip
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It is always worthwhile to have your vehicle checked by a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician before driving long dis-tances. Your retailer or service technician willalso be able to supply you with bulbs, fuses,spark plugs and wiper blades for your use inthe event that problems occur. As a minimum, the following items should be checked before any long trip:• Check that engine runs smoothly and that fuel consumption is normal.
• Check for fuel, oil, and fluid leakage.
• Check transmission oil level 1
.
• Check condition of drive belts.
• Check state of the battery's charge.
• Examine tires carefully (the spare tire aswell), and replace those that are worn.Check tire pressures.
• The brakes, front wheel alignment, andsteering gear should be checked by atrained and qualified Volvo service techni-cian only.
• Check all lights, including high beams.
• Reflective warning triangles are legallyrequired in some states/provinces. •
Have a word with your Volvo retailer ifyou intend to drive in countries where itmay be difficult to obtain the correct fuel.
• Consider your destination. If you will bedriving through an area where snow or iceare likely to occur, consider snow tires.
1
To prevent injury from contact with hot surfaces, do not inspect your vehicle’s transmission fluid yourself. Have your vehicle’s transmission fluid level inspected by a qualified Volvo service techni- cian.