2014 VOLVO XC90 flat tire

176
General information............................................................................... 178 Tire inflation .......................................................................................... 181
Tire inflation pressure table................................................................... 183
Tire designations...................................................................................184
Glossary of tire terminology.................................................................. 186Vehicle loading...................................................................................... 187
Uniform Tire Quality Grading................................................................ 189
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires................................................ 190
Temporary spare................................................................................... 191
Tire Sealing System ............................................................................. 192
Changing wheels................................................................................... 198
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)............................................. 203

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General information
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178
Introduction
Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on theB-pillar (the structural member at the side ofthe vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening).
CAUTION
Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheelcombination designed to provide maxi-mum dry pavement performance with con-sideration for hydroplaning resistance.They may be more susceptible to roadhazard damage and, depending on drivingconditions, may achieve a tread life of lessthan 20,000 miles (30,000 km). Even if thisvehicle is equipped with Volvo’s advancedAWD or DSTC system, these tires are notdesigned for winter driving, and should bereplaced with winter tires when weatherconditions dictate.
The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wetsurfaces. It should be noted however that thetires have been developed to give these fea-tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higherdegree of road holding on slippery surfacesthan tires without the "all-season" rating.However, for optimum road holding on icy orsnow-covered roads, we recommend suitablewinter tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same size designation, type(radial) and preferably from the same manu-facturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there isa risk of altering the car's roadholding andhandling characteristics.
New Tires
Remember that tires are perishable goods. Asof 2000, the manufacturing week and year(Department of Transportation (DOT) stamp)will be indicated with 4 digits (e.g., 1513means that the tire illustrated was manufac-tured during week 15 of 2013).
Tire rotationYour vehicle has no required tire rotation. Tire wear is affected by a number of factors suchas tire inflation, ambient temperature, drivingstyle, etc.
NOTE
•
If the tires are rotated, they should only be moved from front to rear orvice versa. They should never be rota-ted left to right/right to left.
• Ideally, tire rotation should be done thefirst time after approximately 3,000miles (5,000 km) and thereafter at6,000-mile (10,000-km) intervals.Some customers find that tire rotationmay help to get extra mileage from tirelife.
• Tire rotation should only be performedif front/rear tire wear is fairly even andtread height is above 1/16" (1.6 mm).
Your Volvo retailer can also provide guidance based on your particular driving circumstan-ces.
Tire ageTires degrade over time, even when they arenot being used. It is recommended that tiresgenerally be replaced after 6 years of normalservice. Heat caused by hot climates, fre-

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General information
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quent high loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V) exposure can accelerate the aging proc- ess. The temporary spare
1
should also be
replaced at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire's age can be determined by the DOT stamp on the sidewall (see the illustration). A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be replaced immediately.
Tread wear indicator
G020323
The tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread. The letters TWI
are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on thetread, these strips become visible and indi-cate that the tire should be replaced. Tireswith less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer verypoor traction. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) andsize as the one being replaced. Using a tire ofthe same make (manufacturer) will preventalteration of the driving characteristics of thevehicle.
Improving tire economy
•
Maintain correct tire pressure (see the inflation pressure table on page 183).
• Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hardbraking and tire screeching.
• Tire wear increases with speed.
• Correct front wheel alignment is veryimportant.
• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economyand driving comfort.
• Tires must maintain the same direction ofrotation throughout their lifetime.
• When replacing tires, the tires with themost tread should be mounted on therear wheels to reduce the chance of over-steer during hard braking. •
Hitting curbs or potholes can damage thetires and/or wheels permanently.
Summer and winter tires
G020325
The arrows shows the direction of rotation of the tire
• When switching between summer and winter tires, mark the tires to indicatewhere they were mounted on the car,e.g., LF = left front, RR = right rear
• Tires with tread designed to roll in onlyone direction are marked with an arrowon the sidewall.
1
Option or accessory on some models

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Tire inflation
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Inflation placard
G032513
Tire inflation placardCheck tire inflation pressure regularly. A table listing the recommended inflation pressure for your vehicle can be found onpage 183. A tire inflation pressure placard isalso located on the driver's side B-pillar (thestructural member at the side of the vehicle,at the rear of the driver's door opening). Thisplacard indicates the designation of the fac-tory-mounted tires on your vehicle, as well asload limits and inflation pressure.
NOTE
The placards shown indicate inflation pres- sure for the tires installed on the vehicle atthe factory only.
• Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation pressure, including the spare, at leastonce a month and before long trips. Youare strongly urged to buy a reliable tirepressure gauge, as automatic service sta-tion gauges may be inaccurate.
• Use the recommended cold inflationpressure for optimum tire performanceand wear.
• Under-inflation or over-inflation maycause uneven treadwear patterns.
WARNING
•Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation,or "blow-out," with unexpected loss ofvehicle control and increased risk ofinjury.
• Under-inflated tires reduce the loadcarrying capacity of your vehicle.
When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10- degree temperature drop causes a corres-ponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pres-sure. Check your tire pressures frequentlyand adjust them to the proper pressure,which can be found on the vehicle's tire infor-mation placard or certification label.
Checking tire pressureA certain amount of air seepage from the tiresoccurs naturally and tire pressure fluctuateswith seasonal changes in temperature.Always check tire pressure regularly.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when the tires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as thesurrounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours. After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to behot. If you have to drive farther than this dis-tance to pump your tire(s), check and recordthe tire pressure first and add the appropriateair pressure when you get to the pump. If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. Thetires are hot from driving and it is normal forpressures to increase above recommended

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Tire inflation
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cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recom- mended cold inflation pressure could be sig-nificantly under-inflated.
To check inflation pressure:1. Remove the cap from the valve on onetire, then firmly press the tire gauge ontothe valve.
2. Add air to reach the recommended air pressure.
3. Reinstall the valve cap.
CAUTION
• After pumping the tires, always reinstall the valve cap to help avoid damage tothe valve from dirt, gravel, etc.
• Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
4. Visually inspect the tires to make sure
there are no nails or other objects embedded that could puncture the tireand cause an air leak.
5. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or otherirregularities. 6. Repeat this procedure for each tire,
including the spare.
NOTE
•If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the cen-ter of the valve. Then recheck thepressure with your tire gauge.
• Some spare tires require higher infla-tion pressure than the other tires. Con-sult the tire inflation pressure table onpage 183 or see the inflation pressureplacard.
Speed ratingsThe speed ratings in the table translate as fol- low:
Speed ratings
M81 mph (130 km/h)
Q100 mph (160 km/h)
T118 mph (190 km/h)
H130 mph (210 km/h)
V149 mph (240 km/h)
Speed ratings
W168 mph (270 km/h)
Y186 mph (300 km/h)
Load ratingsSee page 184 for an explanation of the load rating on the sidewall of the tire.

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Tire inflation pressure table
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183
The following tire pressures are recom- mended by Volvo for your vehicle. Refer to
the tire inflation placard (see page 181 for itslocation) for information specific to the tiresinstalled on your vehicle at the factory.
Tire sizeCold tire pressure up to five persons psi (kPa)
Front psi (kPa)Rear psi (kPa)
235/65 R17 235/60 R18255/50 R19255/45 R2036 (250)36 (250)
Temporary spare tire T125/80R1761 (420)61 (420)
NOTE
Please consult a Volvo retailer’s Parts department for the most up-to-date speci-fications.

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Tire designations
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1
2
3
4
5
6
12
11
10
8
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G026442
Federal law mandates that tire manufacturers place standardized information on the side-wall of all tires (see the illustration). The following information is listed on the tire sidewall: The tire designation:
NOTE
Please be aware that the following tire designation is an example only and that
this particular tire may not be available onyour vehicle.
215 : the width of the tire (in millimeters)
from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. The larger the number, the wider the tire.
65 : The ratio of the tire's height to its
width in percent.
R : Radial tire (the designation RF and the
symbol indicate that the vehicle is
equipped with optional self-supporting run flat tires 1
. See page 205 for more
information about these tires).
15 : The diameter of the wheel rim (in
inches).
95 : The tire's load index. In this example,
a load index of 95 equals a maximum load of 1521 lbs (690 kg).
H : The tire's speed rating, or the maxi-
mum speed at which the tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time,carrying a permissible load for the vehi-cle, and with correct inflation pressure.For example, H indicates a speed ratingof 130 mph (210 km/h).
NOTE
The tire's load index and speed rating may not appear on the sidewall because theyare not required by law.
M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow; AT = All
Terrain; AS = All Season
U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT"
and indicates that the tire meets all fed- eral standards. The next two numbers orletters are the plant code where it wasmanufactured, the next two are the tiresize code and the last four numbers rep-resent the week and year the tire wasbuilt. For example, 1510 means that thetire was manufactured during week 15 of2010. The numbers in between are mar-keting codes used at the manufacturer'sdiscretion. This information helps a tiremanufacturer identify a tire for safetyrecall purposes.
Tire Ply Composition and Material Used: Indicates the number of plies indi-
cates or the number of layers of rubber- coated fabric in the tire tread and side-wall. Tire manufacturers also must indi-cate the ply materials in the tire and thesidewall, which include steel, nylon, poly-ester, and others.
1 Self-supporting run flat tires may not be available on all models

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Tire designations
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Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum
load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle'stire information placard located on the B-Pillar or the driver's door for the correcttire pressure for your vehicle.
Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades: see page 189 for more informa-
tion.
Maximum permissible inflation pressure: the greatest amount of air
pressure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufac-turer.
Tire suppliers may have additional markings,notes or warnings such as standard load,radial tubeless, etc.