2014 PORSCHE 911 gearbox

1617
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trength
| Engineering
Let’s forget the future for a moment.
As we discover it in the present.

Engineering.
What use is the engineering of tomorrow
when it can be found on the road today?
None. So let ’s turn to the here and now.
The engines, as you would expect, are
characterised by six horizontally opposed
cylinders. The 3.4-litre engine in the
911 Carrera models produces 257 k W
(350 hp); in the 911 Carrera S models,
the 3.8-litre engine develops
294 kW
(400 hp). All variants are equipped
with direct fuel injection (DFI) and
VarioCam Plus for high power and
comparatively low fuel consumption. Power is transmit ted to the wheels by the
7-speed manual gearbox with the highest
gear designed specifically with fuel econ
-
omy in mind or, optionally, by efficiency-
enhanced Porsche Doppel kupplung (PDK),
which offers gear changes with no inter -
ruption in the flow of power.
On the 911 Carrera all-wheel- drive
models, Porsche Traction Management
(PTM) distributes the power to the
wheels according to weather and road
conditions. Handling remains poised,
particularly when the car is being driven
to its limits. As a result, you are safer not just in the wet and snow, but also
when adopting a sport y driving st yle.

The chassis is also packed with forward-
looking technology. Fitted as standard
in the 911 Carrera S and 911 Carrera S
Cabriolet, Porsche Torque Vectoring
(PT V) – or Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus
(PTV Plus) in conjunction with PDK –
increases dynamic perfor mance. Available
as an option for the S models, Porsche
Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC)
improves dynamic performance further
still.
Dynamic engine mounts, available as an
option for all models, provide tangible,
more precise handling – not only in the
bends.
The 911 has a lightweight composite
construction in aluminium and steel.
Used extensively and in just the right
places, lightweight aluminium improves
fuel economy and dynamic performance
and helps to achieve an excellent weight-
to -power ratio of 4.8 kg / kW (3.5 kg / hp)
for the 911 Carrera S, for example.
The future of the sports car starts now.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

1819
S
trength
| The 911 Carrera
Meetings, conferences, business lunches.
How about some leisure in between?

The 911 Carrera.
In the 21st century, we find ourselves
caught bet ween all kinds of opposites on
a daily basis: bet ween the demands of
our work life and our private life, between
the real world and virtual realit y. How can
they all be reconciled? With a strong iden -
tit y and a sports car that has incorporated
many contradictory notions since 1963.
Sportiness and everyday practicality are
a prime example. The new 911 Carrera is
equipped as standard with direct fuel
injection
(DFI) and VarioCam Plus for high
power, high torque, efficient combustion
and, as a result, comparatively low fuel
consumption. Tradition and innovation blend seamlessly
together in the 3.4-litre, six-cylinder
horizontally opposed engine. The figures
speak for themselves. The maximum
power of 257 kW (350 hp) is available at
7,400 rpm and the maximum torque of
390 Nm is generated at 5,600 rpm. Even
more impressively, the car accelerates
from 0 to 100 km/ h in 4.8 seconds and
reaches a top speed of 289 km/ h.
The 911 Carrera generates powerful
forces, which are transmit ted precisely
and directly to the wheels by the 7-speed
manual gearbox. As with the optional PDK,
gears 1 to 6 have a sports ratio, while 7th gear has a long ratio for reduced fuel
consumption. The SPORT but ton, which
is fit ted as standard, makes it possible to
select an even more responsive engine
and transmission setup.
In terms of form and function, the single
tailpipes are especially imposing and
emit a sound that is t ypically Porsche.
The 19-inch Carrera wheels are fit ted as
standard and offer excellent driving
stability and performance.
Sports car technology as standard, in
the form of black four-piston aluminium
monobloc fixed calipers, Porsche
Stabilit y Management (PSM) and Bi-Xenon
headlights, shows that sportiness and
safet y are not mutually exclusive.
Sport, moderation, everyday practicality
and st yle. Four key themes, one unifying
concept: the 911 Carrera.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

2021
S
trength
| The 911 Carrera S
Its identity emerged on the racetrack.
Its home is on the road.

The 911 Carrera S.
Nothing defines us more than our heritage.
It says a lot about who we are. This is
particularly true of the 911 Carrera S,
which has all the characteristics you would
expect of a sports car whose origin is
in motorsport.
An elementary component of its DNA,
therefore, is power in the form of a 3.8-
litre engine with direct fuel injection (DFI)
and VarioCam Plus. It delivers 294 kW
(400 hp) at 7,400 rpm, and the maxi-
mum torque of 440 Nm is achieved
at 5,600 rpm. In conjunction with
the manual gearbox, the sprint from
0 to 100 km/ h is completed in a
mere 4.5 seconds. Top speed isn’t
reached until 304 km/ h.
On figures alone, the new 911 Carrera S
excels, particularly in terms of efficiency,
fuel consumption and CO
2 emissions.
This is made possible by the auto start /
stop function, which is available as
standard, and the coasting function

in conjunction with optional Porsche
Doppelkupplung (PDK).
It ’s not difficult to tell where the
911 Carrera S comes from. You can hear
it in the resonant engine sound and you
can see it in the t win tailpipes in brushed
stainless steel and 20 -inch Carrera S
wheels.
You can also feel it, thanks to Porsche
Active Suspension Management (PASM),
which is fit ted as standard, or the optional
PASM sports suspension with even
sportier aerodynamics and the ride height
lowered by 20 mm. Or the optional
Sport Chrono Package and dynamic
engine mounts. Available as standard,
Porsche Torque Vectoring (PTV), or

Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus)
in conjunction with the optional PDK,
increase traction and driving stability.
Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC),
the active roll stabilisation system, is
available as an option and improves
agility, comfort and safety.
On the subject of safet y, the brakes at
the front of the 911 Carrera S come
equipped with monobloc fixed calipers with six, instead of four, pistons for
improved braking performance and a
shorter braking distance. Bi-Xenon
headlights are standard, while the
Porsche Dynamic Light System (PDLS)
and LED main headlights including
Porsche Dynamic Light System Plus
(PDLS
+
) are available as options.
There is no doubt. The 911 Carrera S
knows its roots, and embraces them
with efficiency, power and sport y
performance.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

3637
T
emperament
| Engine
To give more and take less.
That’s Porsche engineering.

Engines.
You could ask whether the sports car is
still relevant. It would be a good question,
but you might as well ask the same of
dreams.
The answer to both questions lies in the
future or, to be more precise, in the
future of the sports car. In the 911,

the future is already here. The highly
efficient, state-of-the-art engines make

a considerable contribution to the
comparatively low fuel consumption,

but their sound is still unmistakably
Porsche.
The 911 engines are also unmistakably
sport y thanks to the SPORT but ton fit ted
as standard. At a single push, the engine
becomes tuned for a sharper response
and engine dynamics that are even more
direct.
The 3.4-litre engine of the 911 Carrera
models demonstrates, therefore,
that performance and efficiency need
not be mutually exclusive. Rather, the
comparatively low engine capacity
combined with a high maximum torque
are the intelligent basis by which high
power output can be achieved in
an environmentally acceptable and
sustainable way.
In their search for improved efficiency,
our engineers analysed an extensive series
of engine components. Answers were
found, including rapid heating of the
engine and gearbox to normal operating
temperature after an engine start by the
thermal management system, improved
air induction and extremely effective
direct fuel injection (DFI).
Weight is critical to efficiency. This is
why the engines have a light-alloy
construction, making them lightweight
and yet structurally rigid. The result is
comparatively low fuel consumption and
a long service life. The engine is the intelligent core of our
identit y. What else could the ‘Dr. Ing.’ in
our company name possibly stand for?
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

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3839
T
emperament
| Engine
Engine cross section: 3.8
-litre boxer engine
911 Carrera S models: 294 kW (400 hp) at 7,400 rpm, 440 Nm at 5,600 rpm

1. High - pressure pump
2. High - pressure injector
3. Ignition rod module
4. Camshaf t controller
5. Valve lif t adjustment switch valve
6. Switch tappet with integrated valve clearance
compensation
7. Intake camshaf t
8. Intake valves
9. Valve spring
10. Combustion chamber with Alusil cylinder liner
surface
11. Forged aluminium piston
12. Forged connecting rod
13. Crankshaf t
14. Water pump
15. Air-conditioning compressor
16. Power steering pump (in conjunction with PDCC)
17. Vibration damper
18. Alternator pulley with freewheel
19. Hydraulic belt tensioner
20. Resonance valve
21. Resonance distributor
22. Resonance valve actuator
23. Intake manifold with integrated sound chamber
24. Electronically controlled throt tle valve
25. Oil filter
26. Electronic map -controlled thermostat
27. Vacuum pump
28. Coolant jacket
29. Crankcase breather
30. Timing chain
31. Star ter
911 Carrera models: 257 kW (350 hp) at 7,400 rpm, 390 Nm at 5,600 rpm
The 3.4-litre engine.
The 911 Carrera base models are
equipped with a 3.4-litre boxer engine
with direct fuel injection (DFI) and
VarioCam Plus. It develops 257 kW
(350 hp) at 7,400 rpm and the maximum
torque is 390 Nm at 5,600 rpm.
For the 911 Carrera with 7-speed manual
gearbox, this means acceleration from

0 to 100 km/ h in 4.8 seconds and a top
speed of 289
km/ h. The 911 Carrera 4
accelerates to 100 km/ h in 4.9 seconds
and has a top speed of 285
km/ h.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.
The 3.8-litre engine.
The 911 Carrera S models are powered
by a 3.8-litre boxer engine with direct
fuel injection (DFI) and VarioCam Plus. It
produces 294 kW (400 hp) at 7,400 rpm
and the maximum torque of 440 Nm is
achieved at 5,600 rpm. With optional Porsche Doppelkupplung
(PDK), the 911 Carrera S accelerates
from 0 to 100 km/ h in 4.3 seconds and
achieves a top speed of 302
km/ h.

T h e 911
Carrera 4S also completes the
0 to 100
km/ h sprint in 4.3 seconds
and boasts a top speed of 297
km/ h.
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100
120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
1500 75008000
2000 2500300035004000450050005500600065007000
1000
294 kW (400 hp)440 Nm
300
280
Power (kW)
T orque (Nm)
Engine speed (rpm)
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280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420
220 240 260
460
44040
60 80
100
120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
1500 75008000
2000 2500300035004000450050005500600065007000
1000
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Power (kW)
T orque (Nm)
Engine speed (rpm)
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280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420
220 240 260
460
440
257 kW (350 hp)
390 Nm

4041
A widely held belief about motorsport is
that power is the only thing that mat ters.
From experience, we know bet ter. Extra
horsepower alone has never been enough
to win a single race. Much more important
to us are ideas – ideas that inspire more
intelligent vehicle concepts and more
efficient drive systems. The same applies
on the road. It ’s about get ting the most
out of what you’ve got.
Auto start/stop function.
The auto start/stop function is standard
in the 911 Carrera models.
In cars with the manual gearbox, the
engine switches off automatically
when, for example, you stop at traffic
lights, select neutral and release
the clutch pedal. In cars with Porsche
Doppel kupplung (PDK), the engine
switches off whenever you stop and
leave your foot on the brake pedal.
All audio and communication systems
remain switched on and the climate con -
trol continues to maintain your selected
temperature. The only differences you
will notice are the silence at the rear and
the fuel saving. As soon as you operate
the clutch or release the brake, the
engine will restart swiftly and smoothly. The auto start/stop function may remain
inactive under particular circumstances,
for example: extreme outside tempera
-
tures, when the SPORT but ton is selected
or if bat tery charge is low. It is also pos -
sible to deactivate the function manually
using a separate but ton on the centre
console.
Thermal management.
The thermal management system
regulates the temperature in the engine
and gearbox through the intelligent
manipulation of heat flow.
In this way, the engine and gearbox reach
their optimum operating temperature
sooner. As a result, fuel consumption is
reduced through increased combustion
efficiency and lubrication performance.
Electrical system recuperation.
The 911 Carrera models are also
equipped as standard with fuel-saving
electrical system recuperation tech -
nology. The vehicle bat tery is recharged
by the alternator predominantly under
braking. Under acceleration, on the other
hand, the power draw of the alternator
is limited to increase the engine output
available for driving. The electrical
systems are supplied by the electrical
energy stored during the recharging
process.
T emperament | Engine
Not as thirsty as you might think.

Efficiency-enhancing measures.
For fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

4647
T
emperament
| Transmission
The long and winding road is where you’d like to be.
Sometimes, it pays to take the direct route.
Transmission.
The 7-speed manual gearbox.
Pure, direct, precise. Short shift move -
ments and an optimum transition from
one gear to the next. That ’s exactly what
you would expect of a Porsche manual
gearbox.
What you might not have expected is a
7 -speed manual gearbox that combines
a high level of sport y performance with
an equally high level of efficiency and
offers extra comfort for longer journeys. It’s an exceptional innovation, and not
only in the sports car segment.
The design of this manual gearbox is
based in principle on that of Porsche
Doppelkupplung (PDK). Gears 1 to 6 have
a sports ratio and top speed is reached
in 6th gear. The additional 7th gear,
however, has a long ratio, which reduces
torque and helps to reduce fuel consump
-
tion. Lower engine revs at fast driving
speeds also ensure a high level of comfort
on long stretches of road. In addition,
a gear indicator in the rev counter reminds
you which gear has been selected. The
upshift indicator in the instrument cluster
helps you actively conserve fuel.
Thanks to the elevated centre console,
the gear lever is within easy reach –
ideal for sport y gear changes.
Whether you select a sport y or comfortable
gear, the way you reach your destination
is in your own hands.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.

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7R
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Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK).
Available as an option for all
911
Carrera models is 7-speed PDK,
featuring manual and automatic modes.
It facilitates extremely fast gear changes
with no interruption in the flow of power,
whilst at the same time improving
acceleration and fuel efficiency. The first six gears are particularly
sport y, with top speed being reached

in 6th gear. 7th gear has a long
ratio and reduces the revs – for lower
consumption.
PDK is essentially t wo gearboxes in one
and thus requires t wo clutches. This
double-clutch arrangement provides an
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK)
alternating, non-positive connection
bet ween the t wo half gearboxes and the
engine by means of t wo separate input
shafts.
The flow of power from the engine is
transmit ted through one half gearbox and
one clutch at a time, while the next gear
is preselected in the second half gearbox. During a gear change, therefore, one
clutch simply opens and the other closes
at the same time, enabling gear changes
to take place within milliseconds.
The effect is instant. Driving feels even
sportier and more dynamic, and agility

is increased. Depending on the gearshift
programme (SPORT button activated
T emperament | Transmission
or deactivated), the gear change is opti -
mised for comfort or for sport y driving.
With the optional Sport Chrono Package,
PDK is enhanced by the ‘Launch Control’
and ‘motorsport-derived gearshift
strategy’ functions (pages 65– 67).
Coasting.
The ‘coasting’ function available with
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) enables
you to save even more fuel where the
situation allows. The engine is decoupled
from the transmission to prevent
deceleration caused by engine braking.
In this way, optimum use is made of the
vehicle’s momentum, allowing it to coast
for longer distances.
For example, you may want to slow down
from 100 to 80 km/ h in anticipation
of the change of speed limit ahead. As
soon as you release the accelerator
pedal, PDK deselects the current gear automatically and you begin to coast
in neutral until you have reached your
desired speed. The moment you engage
the accelerator or brake pedal, PDK
selects the appropriate gear smoothly
and seamlessly within a fraction of a
second.
In short, driving in coasting mode makes
a real impact on fuel consumption without
any need for compromise on comfort or
sporty performance.
Another way to reduce fuel consumption is
to utilise the coasting function on downhill
gradients that are gentle enough for you
to maintain a constant speed. Efficient on
long journeys, such as on the motorway,
PDK remains ready to respond as swiftly
and precisely as you would expect.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class, please refer to pages 141/143.