2014 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine


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5-56
Starting anddriving
COUPLING DEVICEINSTALLA TION (forEurope)
T32A1308 27-F6FC36C A-3610-4C39- A1C0-EA35E E4654B1
JVS0440X
NISSAN recommends thatthecoupling devicefor
trailer towing beinstalled underthefollowing condi-
tions:
. Maximum permissible verticalloadonthe coupling
device: 981N(100 kg,221 lb)
. Thecoupling device,mounting pointsandinstalla-
tion parts onyour vehicle: asshown asan example
in the illustration. .
Rear overhang ofcoupling device:
*
A
1,080 mm
(42.5 in)
Follow allofthe coupling devicemanufacturer's
instructions forinstallation anduse.
T32A1308 27-2BE6C77 F-54D5-4EEB-AD11-DE7 247EC89B3
WARNING:
. Ifthe engine isnot running oristurned off
while driving, thepower assistforthe
steering willnotwork. Steering willbe
harder tooperate.
. When theelectric powersteering warning
light illuminates withtheengine running, the
power assistforthe steering willcease
operation. You will still have control ofthe
vehicle, butthesteering willbemuch harder
to operate.
The electric powersteering systemisdesigned to
provide powerassistwhiledriving tooperate the
steering wheelwithlight force.
When thesteering wheelisoperated repeatedly or
continuously whileparking ordriving atavery low
speed, thepower assistforthe steering wheelwillbe
reduced. Thisisto prevent overheating ofthe electric
power steering systemandprotect itfrom getting
damaged. Whilethepower assistisreduced, steering
wheel operation willbecome heavy.When the
temperature ofthe electric powersteering system
goes down, thepower assistlevelwillreturn tonormal.
Avoid repeating suchsteering wheeloperations that
could cause theelectric powersteering systemto
overheat.
Y ou may hear africative soundwhenthesteering
wheel isoperated quickly.However, thisisnot a
malfunction.
If the electric powersteering warninglight
illuminates whiletheengine isrunning, itmay indicate
the electric powersteering systemisnot functioning
properly andmay need servicing. Havetheelectric
power steering systemchecked byaNISSAN dealer.
(See ªElectric powersteering warninglightº(P.2-14) .)
ELECTRIC POWERSTEERING
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When theelectric powersteering warninglight
illuminates withtheengine running, thepower assist
for the steering willcease operation. You will still have
control ofthe vehicle. However, greatersteering effort
is needed, especially insharp turnsandatlow speeds.
T32A1308 27-33A6A8 D1-5B12-482B-8640-23F7435A914 C
The brake system hastwo separate hydraulic circuits.If
one circuit malfunctions, youwillstill have braking
ability attwo wheels.
BRAKE PRECAUTIONS
T32A1308 27-90F02356 -5F15-4ED4-99DC-111 1D7A143F4
V acuum assisted brakes
T32A130 827-06FB24 2C-CC82-419B-8F9B-7 57838B48E6 2
The brake booster aidsbraking byusing engine
vacuum. Ifthe engine stops,youcan stop thevehicle
by depressing thefoot brake pedal. However, greater
foot pressure onthe foot brake pedalwillberequired
to stop thevehicle. Thestopping distancewillbe
longer.
If the engine isnot running oristurned offwhile driving,
the power assisted brakeswillnot function. Braking
will beharder.
WARNING:
Do not coast withtheengine stopped.
Using brakes
T32A130 827-7685AB CE-3DB1-41 CC-B5B8-18 AA17ED1ABA
Avoid resting yourfootonthe foot brake pedalwhile
driving. Thiswilloverheat thebrakes, wearoutthe
brake linings/pads faster,andincrease fuelconsump-
tion.
T o help reduce brakewearandtoprevent thebrakes
from overheating, reducespeedanddownshift toa
lower gearbefore goingdownaslope orlong grade.
Overheated brakesmayreduce braking performance
and could resultinloss ofvehicle control.
While driving onaslippery surface, becareful when
braking, accelerating ordownshifting. Abruptbraking
or acceleration couldcause thewheels toskid and
result inan accident.
W et brakes
T32A1308 27-AD58DC9 A-3C68-4844- A916-478DBC224255
When thevehicle iswashed ordriven through water,
the brakes maygetwet. Asaresult, yourbraking
distance willbelonger andthevehicle maypulltoone
side during braking.
T o dry the brakes, drivethevehicle atasafe speed
while lightly depressing thebrake pedal toheat upthe
brakes. Dothis until thebrakes returntonormal. Avoid
driving thevehicle athigh speeds untilthebrakes
function correctly.
Parking brakebreak-in
GUID-4EA5AD 91-B89C-4754-AFD4-5 6CB6178CF5 9
Break inthe parking brakeshoes whenever the
stopping effectofthe parking brakeisweakened or
whenever theparking brakeshoes and/or drums/rotors
are replaced, inorder toassure thebest braking
performance.
This procedure isdescribed inthe vehicle service
manual andcanbeperformed byaNISSAN dealer.
Driving uphill
T32A130 827-B903C 177-351C-4E 85-9937-E5FD2194B30 C
When starting onasteep grade, itis sometimes
difficult tooperate boththebrake andclutch (forMT
model) .Apply theparking braketohold thevehicle. Do
not slip theclutch. Whenreadytostart, slowly release
the parking brakewhiledepressing theaccelerator
pedal andreleasing theclutch pedal.
Driving downhill
T32A1308 27-BB693F6 2-5E26-4570-ABA6-532E41F9A9A 9
The engine braking actioniseffective forcontrolling
the vehicle whiledescending hills.ForManual Trans-
mission (MT)model, theshift lever should beplaced in
the lower speed position priortodescending. For
Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)model, the
manual shiftmode orthe ªLº position shouldbe
selected.
Starting anddriving
5-57
BRAKE
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5-58
Starting anddriving
BRAKE ASSIST
GUID-FAF 01B0B-7CB4-4828-9 4D6-A67EB1907396
When theforce applied tothe brake pedalexceeds a
certain level,theBrake Assist isactivated generating
greater braking forcethanaconventional brake
booster evenwithlight pedal force.
WARNING:
The Brake Assist isonly anaid toassist braking
operation andisnot acollision warningor
avoidance device.Itis the driver's responsibility
to stay alert, drivesafely andbeincontrol ofthe
vehicle atall times.
ANTI-L OCKBRAKING SYSTEM (ABS)
T32A130 827-683C35 C0-5BE2-4929-8230-2F12153688C 3
WARNING:
. The Anti-lock BrakingSystem(ABS)isa
sophisticated device,butitcannot prevent
accidents resultingfromcareless ordanger-
ous driving techniques. Itcan help maintain
vehicle control duringbraking onslippery
surfaces. Remember thatstopping distances
on slippery surfaces willbelonger thanon
normal surfaces evenwithABS. Stopping
distances mayalso belonger onrough,
gravel orsnow covered roads,orifyou are
using tirechains. Always maintain asafe
distance fromthevehicle infront ofyou.
Ultimately, thedriver isresponsible for
safety.
. Tire type andcondition mayalso affect
braking effectiveness.
Ð When replacing tires,install thespeci-
fied size oftires onallfour wheels. Ð
When installing aspare tire,make sure
that itis the proper sizeandtype as
specified onthe tire placard. (SeeªTire
placardº (P.9-9) .)
Ð For detailed information, seeªTires and
wheelsº (P.8-36) .
The Anti-lock BrakingSystem(ABS)controls the
brakes sothe wheels donot lock during hardbraking
or when braking onslippery surfaces. Thesystem
detects therotation speedateach wheel andvaries
the brake fluidpressure toprevent eachwheel from
locking andsliding. Bypreventing eachwheel from
locking, thesystem helpsthedriver maintain steering
control andhelps tominimize swerving andspinning
on slippery surfaces.
Using system
T32A130 827-E23B0 C95-6959-4 B5D-B45D-1644E60AD E90
Depress thebrake pedalandhold itdown. Depress
the brake pedal withfirmsteady pressure, butdonot
pump thebrakes. TheABS willoperate toprevent the
wheels fromlocking up.Steer thevehicle toavoid
obstacles.
WARNING:
Do not pump thebrake pedal. Doingsomay
result inincreased stoppingdistances.
Self-test feature
T32A1308 27-DA8726AA -9312-4804-BB85-3 097CB09683D
The ABS includes electronic sensors,electricpumps,
hydraulic solenoids andacomputer. Thecomputer has
a built-in diagnostic featurethattests thesystem each
time youstart theengine andmove thevehicle atalow
speed inforward orreverse. Whentheself-test
occurs, youmay hear aªclunkº noiseand/or feela
pulsation inthe brake pedal. Thisisnormal anddoes
not indicate amalfunction. Ifthe computer sensesamalfunction,
itswitches theABS offand illuminates the
ABS warning lightonthe meter. Thebrake system then
operates normally,but without anti-lock assistance.
If the ABS warning lightilluminates duringtheself-test
or while driving, havethevehicle checked bya
NISSAN dealer.
Normal operation
T32A130 827-E5A825 64-C0DC-4321-8A21-CC D22D746C00
The ABS operates atspeeds above5to 10 km/h (3to
6 MPH) .The speed variesaccording toroad condi-
tions.
When theABS senses thatoneormore wheels are
close tolocking up,the actuator rapidlyapplies and
releases hydraulic pressure. Thisaction issimilar to
pumping thebrakes veryquickly .You may feela
pulsation inthe brake pedalandhear anoise from
under thehood orfeel avibration fromtheactuator
when itis operating. Thisisnormal andindicates that
the ABS isoperating properly.However, thepulsation
may indicate thatroad conditions arehazardous and
extra careisrequired whiledriving.
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T32A1308 27-B5BB810 9-3587-4C7A-979E-9F8A81D60F87
When leaving yourvehicle unoccupied:
. Always takethekey with you-even when leaving
the vehicle inyour owngarage.
. Close allwindows completely andlock alldoors.
. Always parkyourvehicle whereitcan beseen.
Park inawell litarea during thenight.
. Ifthe security systemisequipped, useit-even for
a short period.
. Never leavechildren orpets inthe vehicle
unattended.
. Never leavevaluables insidethevehicle. Always
take valuables withyou.
. Never leavethevehicle documents inthe vehicle.
. Never leavearticles onaroof rack. Remove them
from therack andkeep andlock them inside the
vehicle.
. Never leavethespare keyinthe vehicle.
T32A130 827-31F5E2 3F-87C8-4D EE-9E65-020 C019B2AB5
WARNING:
. Whatever thecondition, drivewithcaution.
Accelerate anddecelerate withgreat care.If
accelerating ordecelerating toofast, the
drive wheels willlose even more traction.
. Allow morestopping distanceincold weath-
er driving. Braking shouldbestarted sooner
than ondry pavement.
. Keep atagreater distance fromthevehicle
in front ofyou onslippery roads.
. Wet ice(08C ,328F andfreezing rain),very
cold snow andicecan beslick andvery
difficult todrive on.The vehicle willhave a
lot less traction orgrip under thesecondi-
tions. Try to avoid driving onwet iceuntil the
road issalted orsanded.
. Watch forslippery spots(glaring ice).These
may appear onanotherwise clearroadin
shaded areas.Ifapatch ofice isseen ahead,
brake before reaching it.Try not tobrake
while actually onthe ice, and avoid any
sudden steering maneuvers.
. Donot use cruise control onslippery roads.
. Snow cantrap dangerous exhaustgasunder
your vehicle. Keepsnow clearofthe exhaust
pipe andfrom around yourvehicle.
BA TTER Y
T32A1308 27-BD622 040-1F8F-4 FB6-8DF8-8 96F8AF3E92 5
If the battery isnot fully charged duringextremely cold
weather conditions, thebattery fluidmayfreeze and
damage thebattery .To maintain maximum efficiency,
the battery shouldbechecked regularly.For details,
see ªBatteryº (P.8-20) ofthis manual.
ENGINE COOLANT
T32A1308 27-1902E3 10-78AC-4591-9565-1 9BAB071E173
If the vehicle isto be left outside withoutanti-freeze,
drain thecooling system, including theengine block.
Refill before operating thevehicle. Fordetails, see
ªChanging enginecoolantº (P.8-9) ofthis manual.
TIRE EQUIPMENT
T32A130 827-77A3E3 81-71B6-489C -8E41-9907068B0B92
1. Ifyou have snow tiresinstalled onthe front/rear
wheels ofyour vehicle, theyshould beofthe same
size, loading range,construction andtype (bias,
bias-belted orradial) asthe rear/front tires.
2. Ifthe vehicle isto be operated insevere winter
conditions, snowtiresshould beinstalled onall
four wheels.
3. Foradditional tractiononicy roads, studded tires
may beused. However, somecountries, provinces
and states prohibit theiruse.Check local,state
and provincial lawsbefore installing studdedtires.
Skid andtraction capabilities ofstudded
snow tires,onwet ordry surfaces, maybe
poorer thanthatofnon-studded snowtires.
4. Snow chains maybeused ifdesired. Makesure
they arethe proper sizeforthe tires onyour
vehicle andareinstalled according tothe chain
manufacturer's instructions.Usechain tensioners
when recommended bythe tire chain manufac-
turer toensure atight fit.Loose endlinks ofthe tire
chains mustbesecured orremoved toprevent the
possibility ofwhipping actiondamage tothe
Starting anddriving
5-59
VEHICLE
SECURITY COLDWEATHER DRIVING
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5-60
Starting anddriving
fenders orunderbody .In addition, driveata
reduced speed,otherwise, yourvehicle maybe
damaged and/orvehicle handling andperfor-
mance maybeadversely affected.
SPECIAL WINTEREQUIPMENT
T32A130827-3 8F91172-3BF7-430D-9536-3CE83 B06974C
It is recommended thatthefollowing itemsbecarried
in the vehicle duringthewinter:
. Ascraper andstiff-bristled brushtoremove ice
and snow fromthewindows.
. Asturdy ,flat board tobe placed underthejack to
give itfirm support.
. Ashovel todig thevehicle outofsnowdrifts.
P ARKING BRAKE
GUID-ED1 242F6-0D74 -4A0A-8880-253E42ECF 77A
When parking inan area where theoutside tempera-
ture isbelow 08C (32 8F),do not apply theparking
brake toprevent itfrom freezing. Forsafe parking:
. Place theshift lever inthe ªPº (Park) position (CVT
model) .
. Place theshift lever inthe ª1º(1st) orªRº
(Reverse) gear(MTmodel) .
. Securely blockthewheels.
For models equipped withelectronic parking
brake system
GUID-029 E85CF-75D 0-448C-A695-99F6A6377 9EC
T o keep theelectronic parkingbrakereleased afterthe
engine isturned off,see ªParking brakeº(P.3-30) .
CORROSION PROTECTION
T32A130827-3 F1FCB4A-7D59-4318 -9831-CEC 3E4022DD1
Chemicals usedforroad surface deicingareextremely
corrosive andwillaccelerate corrosionandthe
deterioration ofunderbody components suchasthe
exhaust system,fueland brake lines,brake cables,
floor panandfenders.
In the winter, theunderbody mustbecleaned
periodically. Foradditional information, see
ªCorrosion protectionº (P.7-5) ofthis manual.
For additional protection againstrustandcorrosion,
which mayberequired insome areas, consult a
NISSAN dealer.
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6. Turn offthe engine.
7. Open thehood andsetupthe triangle reflector (if
equipped):
.
T o warn other traffic.
.
T o signal professional roadassistance person-
nel that youneed assistance.
8. Have allpassengers getoutfrom thevehicle and
stand inasafe place, awayfromother traffic and
clear ofthe vehicle.
PREP ARING TOOLS ANDSPARE TIRE (if
equipped)
GUID-0B6A 7447-E1F6-4 F4F-A758-E815D16305E 1
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T ype B
Remove thejack, necessary toolsandthespare tire
from thestorage area.
In case ofemergency
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In case ofemergency
REMOVING WHEELCOVER (ifequipped)
GUID-367 4401C-151D -43A1-9DF6-7296428 8CB88
SCE0630
WARNING:
Never useyour hands toremove thewheel
cover. Thismaycause personal injury.
T o remove thewheel cover, usethejack rod
*
1
as
illustrated.
Apply cloth
*
2
between thewheel andjack rodto
prevent damaging thewheel andwheel cover.
REMOVING TIRE
T32A1308 27-A4847D3 3-094A-426F- AC3E-6A473AA5D 740
JVE0165X
Jack -uppoints
Jacking upvehicle
T32A1308 27-DBAE999 F-CE6C-44E9 -9569-9ED9 514CF77B
SCE0574
WARNING:
. Besure toread andfollow theinstructions in
this section.
. DO NOTGET UNDER AVEHICLE THATIS
SUPPORTED BY A JACK .
. Never useajack which isnot provided with
your vehicle.
. The jack, which isprovided withyour vehicle,
is designed onlytolift your vehicle duringa
tire change. Donot use thejack provided
with your vehicle onother vehicles.
. Never jackupthe vehicle atalocation other
than thejack -uppoint thatisspecified.
. Never liftthe vehicle morethannecessary.
. Never useblocks onorunder thejack.
. Never startorrun theengine whilethe
vehicle ison the jack. Thevehicle maymove
suddenly, andthismay cause anaccident.
. Never allowpassengers toremain inthe
vehicle whilethetire isoff the ground. .
Besure toread thecaution labelattached to
the jack body before using.
1. Place thejack directly underthejack-up point as
illustrated sothat thetop ofthe jack contacts the
vehicle atthe jack-up point.
The jack should beplaced onfirm level
ground.
2. Align thejack head between thetwo notches
located atthe jack-up point ofeither thefront or
the rear section.
3. Fitthe groove ofthe jack head between the
notches asshown.
4. Loosen eachwheel nut,counterclockwise, oneor
two turns withthewheel nutwrench.
Do not remove thewheel nutsuntil thetire is
off the ground.
5. Carefully raisethevehicle untiltheclearance
between thetireand ground isachieved.
6. To lift the vehicle, securely holdthejack lever and
rod with both hands andturn thejack lever.
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6-8
In case ofemergency
NO TE:
When stowing thejack andtools, bundle and
fasten themusing theband included withthe
tool bag, before storing them.Otherwise the
tools maycontact eachother andproduce noise.
T32A130 827-A9A95 FA9-77F4-4C CA-AD10-3D 185CD2C553
WARNING:
. Incorrect jumpstarting canlead toabattery
explosion. Thebattery explosion mayresult
in severe injuryordeath. Itmay also result in
damage tothe vehicle. Besure tofollow the
instructions inthis section.
. Explosive hydrogengasisalways present in
the vicinity ofthe battery. Keepallsparks
and flames awayfromthebattery.
. Always wearsuitable eyeprotection and
remove rings,bracelets, andanyother jew-
elry whenever workingonornear abattery.
. Never leanover thebattery whilejump
starting.
. Never allowbattery fluidtocome into
contact witheyes, skin,clothes orthe
vehicle's paintedsurfaces. Batteryfluidisa
corrosive sulfuricacidwhich cancause
severe burns.Ifthe fluid comes intocontact
with anything, immediately flushthecon-
tacted areawithplenty ofwater.
. Keep thebattery outofthe reach ofchildren.
. The booster batterymustberated at12
volts. Useofan incorrectly ratedbattery will
damage yourvehicle.
. Never attempt tojump startafrozen battery.
It could explode andcause serious
injury.
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JUMP STARTING
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