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Please refer to the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and the Gross front and rear Axle Weight 
Ratings (GAWR) for your vehicle, which are printed on the vehicle's Safety Compliance Certification 
Label on the driver door jamb. 
  WARNING 
Exceeding maximum permissible weight ratings can result in vehicle damage, accidents, and 
serious personal injury. 
 x Never let the actual weights at the front and rear axles exceed the permissible Gross Axle 
Weight Rating. Also, never let the total of these actual weights exceed the Gross Vehicle 
Weight Rating. 
 x Always remember that the vehicle's handling and braking will be affected by extra load 
and the distribution of this load. Adjust your speed accordingly.  
  NOTICE 
 x Always distribute the load evenly and as low as possible in the vehicle. The vehicle capacity 
weight figures apply when the load is distributed evenly in the vehicle (passengers and 
luggage). 
 x When transporting a heavy load in the luggage compartment, carry the load as close to the 
rear axle (as far forward) as possible so that the vehicle's handling and braking are affected as 
little as possible.  
     
        
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Cold tire inflation pressure 
The tire pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for a tire of a specified size that has not 
been driven for more than a couple of miles (kilometers) at low speeds in the 3 hour period before the 
tire pressure is measured or adjusted. 
Curb weight 
The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, 
and coolant, air conditioner, and additional weight of optional equipment. 
Extra load tire 
A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding 
standard tire. 
Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) 
The load-carrying capacity of a single axle system, measured where the tire contacts the ground. 
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) 
The maximum loaded weight of the vehicle. 
Groove 
The space between 2 adjacent tread ribs. 
Load rating (code) 
The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. You may not find this 
information on all tires because it is not required by law. 
Maximum load rating 
The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. 
Maximum loaded vehicle weight 
The total of: 
 x Curb weight. 
 x Accessory weight. 
 x Vehicle capacity weight. 
 x Production options weight. 
Maximum (permissible) inflation pressure 
The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. Also called “maximum inflation 
pressure.” 
Normal occupant weight 
Means 150 lbs (68 kilograms) times the number of occupants seated in the vehicle up to the total 
seating capacity of your vehicle. 
Occupant distribution 
The placement of passengers in a vehicle. 
Outer diameter 
The diameter of a new, properly inflated tire. 
Overall width 
Total width measured at the exterior sidewalls of an inflated tire, including the additional width of 
labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.  
     
        
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Sidewall separation 
The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall. 
Speed rating (letter code) 
A standardized letter code indicating the maximum speed at which a tire is designed to be driven for 
extended periods of time. The ratings range from 93 mph or 150 km/h (“P”) to 186 mph or (300 km/h) 
“Y”. 
The speed rating letter code, where applicable, is molded on the tire sidewall  258, Tire labeling. You 
may not find this information on all tires because it is not required by law. 
Tire Pressure Monitoring System 
A system that detects when at least one of a vehicle's tires is underinflated and illuminates a low tire-
pressure warning light. 
Tread 
The portion of a tire that normally touches the road. 
Tread rib 
A tread section running circumferentially around a tire. 
Tread separation 
Tire failure caused by the tread pulling away from the tire carcass. 
Tread wear indicators (TWI) 
Raised areas within the main tread grooves that show, visually, when tires are worn and near the end 
of their useful life  254. 
Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) 
A tire information system developed by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 
(NHTSA) that is designed to help buyers compare tires. UTQG is not a safety rating, nor is it a 
guarantee that a tire will last for a certain number of miles or perform a certain way. It gives tire buyers 
more information to compare with factors such as price, brand loyalty and dealer recommendations. 
Under UTQG, tires are graded by the tire manufacturers in 3 areas: tread wear, traction and 
temperature resistance. UTQG information is molded into the tire sidewalls. 
U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN) 
A tire's serial number. It begins with the letters “DOT” (“Department of Transportation”) and indicates 
that the tire meets all federal standards. The next 2 numbers or letters indicate the plant where the tire 
was manufactured. The last 4 numbers represent the week and year of manufacture. 
For example, the numbers 1709 mean that the tire was produced in the 17th week of 2009. Any other 
numbers are marketing codes used by the tire manufacturer. This information is used to help identify 
affected consumers if a tire defect requires a recall. 
Vehicle capacity weight 
The total rated cargo, luggage and passenger load. Passenger load is 150 lbs (68 kilograms) times the 
vehicle's total seating capacity (as listed on the label inside the driver door). 
Vehicle maximum load on the tire 
The load on an individual tire that is determined by taking each axle's share of the maximum loaded 
vehicle weight (GAWR) and dividing by 2. 
Vehicle normal load on the tire 
The load on an individual tire that is determined by taking each axle's share of the curb weight, 
accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed according to the table below) and dividing 
by 2.  
     
        
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Wheel size designation 
Wheel rim diameter and width. 
Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating 
capacities 
 
Designated seating capacity, 
number of occupants 
Vehicle normal load, number 
of occupants 
Occupant distribution in a 
normally loaded vehicle 
2, 3, or 4  2  2 in front 
 
Tires and vehicle load limits