364 6-1. Specifications
Weather sideThe surface area of the rim not covered by the
inflated tire
Bead
The part of the tire that is made of steel wires,
wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is
shaped to fit the rim
Bead separationA breakdown of the bond between components
in the bead
Bias ply tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that
extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles
substantially less than 90 degrees to the cen-
terline of the tread
CarcassThe tire structure, except tread and sidewall
rubber which, when inflated, bears the load
ChunkingThe breaking away of pieces of the tread or
sidewall
CordThe strands forming the plies in the tire
Cord separationThe parting of cords from adjacent rubber com-
pounds
CrackingAny parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner-
liner of the tire extending to cord material
CT
A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire
and rim system in which the rim is designed
with rim flanges pointed radially inward and the
tire is designed to fit on the underside of the
rim in a manner that encloses the rim flanges
inside the air cavity of the tire
Extra load tire
A tire designed to operate at higher loads and
at higher inflation pressures than the corre-
sponding standard tire
GrooveThe space between two adjacent tread ribs
Innerliner
The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a
tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium
within the tire
Tire related termMeaning
365
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
Innerliner separationThe parting of the innerliner from cord material
in the carcass
Intended outboard
sidewall
(a)The sidewall that cont
ains a whitewall, bears
white lettering, or bears manufacturer,
brand, and/or model name molding that is
higher or deeper than the same molding on
the other sidewall of the tire, or
(b)The outward facing sidewall of an asymmet- rical tire that has a particular side that must
always face outward when mounted on a
vehicle
Light truck (LT) tire
A tire designated by its manufacturer as prima-
rily intended for use on lightweight trucks or
multipurpose passenger vehicles
Load ratingThe maximum load that a tire is rated to carry
for a given inflation pressure
Maximum load ratingThe load rating for a tire at the maximum per-
missible inflation pressure for that tire
Maximum permissible
inflation pressureThe maximum cold inflation pressure to which
a tire may be inflated
Measuring rimThe rim on which a tire is fitted for physical
dimension requirements
Open spliceAny parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or
innerliner that extends to cord material
Outer diameterThe overall diameter of an inflated new tire
Overall width
The linear distance between the exteriors of
the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including eleva-
tions due to labeling, decorations, or protective
bands or ribs
Passenger car tire
A tire intended for use on passenger cars, mul-
tipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that
have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of
10,000 lb. or less
Tire related termMeaning
366 6-1. Specifications
PlyA layer of rubber-coated parallel cords
Ply separationA parting of rubber compound between adja-
cent plies
Pneumatic tire
A mechanical device made of rubber, chemi-
cals, fabric and steel or other materials, that,
when mounted on an automotive wheel, pro-
vides the traction and contains the gas or fluid
that sustains the load
Radial ply tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that
extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90
degrees to the centerline of the tread
Reinforced tire
A tire designed to operate at higher loads and
at higher inflation pressures than the corre-
sponding standard tire
Section width
The linear distance between the exteriors of
the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding ele-
vations due to labeling, decoration, or protec-
tive bands
SidewallThat portion of a tire between the tread and
bead
Sidewall separationThe parting of the rubber compound from the
cord material in the sidewall
Snow tire
A tire that attains a traction index equal to or
greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E-
1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when
using the snow traction test as described in
ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for
Single Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight Line
on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and which
is marked with an Alpine Symbol ( ) on at
least one sidewall
Te s t r i m
The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and
may be any rim listed as appropriate for use
with that tire
Tire related termMeaning
370
6-2. Customization
Items to initialize
ItemWhen to initializeReference
Maintenance data
(except Canada)After the maintenance is per-
formedP. 229
Tire pressure warning
system (if equipped)When rotating the tires on vehi-
cles with differing front and rear
tire inflation pressures
P. 2 5 5
The following items must be initialized for normal system operation
after such cases as the battery being reconnected, or maintenance
being performed on the vehicle:
386
Abbreviation list
Abbreviation/Acronym list
ABBREVIATIONSMEANING
A/C Air Conditioning
ABS Anti-Lock Brake System
ACC Accessory
AI-SHIFT Artificial Intelligence Shift Control ALR Automatic Locking Retractor
CRS Child Restraint System
ECU Electronic Control Unit
EDR Event Data Recorder ELR Emergency Locking Retractor
EPS Electric Power Steering
GAWR Gross Axle Weight Ratings
GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating I/M Emission inspection and maintenance
LATCH Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children LED Light Emitting Diode
M + S Mud + Snow
MMT Methylcy clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl
MTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether OBD On Board Diagnostics
SRS Supplemental Restraint System TIN Tire Identification Number
TPMS Tire Pressure Warning System
TRAC Traction Control TWI Treadwear IndicatorsVIN Vehicle Identification Number
VSC Vehicle Stability Control
393
Alphabetical index
Shift lever
Automatic transmission ........ 127
If the shift lever cannot be
shifted from P ..................... 328
Manual transmission ............ 129
Shift lock system..................... 328
Side airbags ............................... 80
Side marker lights Replacing light bulbs ............ 287
Switch ................................... 145
Wattage ................................ 352
Side mirror Adjusting................................. 64
Defogger............................... 199
Folding.................................... 65
Spare tire Identification number ............ 356
Inflation pressure .......... 262, 351
Information ........................... 356
Replacing ............................. 315
Size ...................................... 351
Storage location ................... 315
Spark plug................................ 348
Specifications .......................... 342
Speedometer ........................... 133
Steering wheel
Adjustment ............................. 62
Column lock release ............. 125
Electric power steering ......... 162
EPS ...................................... 162
Specification ......................... 350
Warning light ........................ 306
Stop lights Replacing light bulbs ............ 287
Wattage ................................ 352
Storage features Bottle holders ............... 204, 207
Cup holders .................. 204, 205
Glove box ..................... 204, 205
Storage precautions ............... 169
Stuck If the vehicle becomes stuck................................... 337 Sun visors.................................208
Switch
Cruise control ........................158
Emergency flashers switch ..................................296
Engine switch ........................124
Fog lights switch.................... 148
Hazard lights switch ..............296
Headlights switch ..................145
Ignition switch........................124
Light switch ...........................145
Power door lock switch ...........35
Power window switch ..............67
Steering wheel audio switches ..............................201
Turn signal lights ...................130
VSC OFF switch....................163
Window lock switch .................67
Wiper and washer .........150, 153
Tachometer...............................133
Tail lights Replacing light bulbs .............287
Switch....................................145
Wattage .................................352
Theft deterrent system Alarm .......................................74
Engine immobilizer system .....72
Theft prevention labels ............77
Theft prevention labels..............77
Tire inflation pressure .....262, 351
Tire information Glossary ................................362
Size .......................................359
Tire identification number ......358
Uniform tire quality grading ................................360
T
394 Alphabetical index
TiresChains ................................... 172
Checking ............................... 254
If you have a flat tire .............. 315
Identification number ............. 356
Inflation pressure........... 262, 351
Inflation pressure sensor ....... 255
Information ............................ 356
Replacing ...................... 254, 315
Rotating tires ......................... 254
Size ....................................... 351
Snow tires ............................. 172
Spare tire............................... 315
Tire pressure warning
system ........................ 255, 307
Warning light ......................... 307
Tools ......................................... 315
Total load capacity................... 171
Towing Dinghy towing................ 187, 188
Emergency towing................. 297
Trailer towing................. 176, 177
Trip meter ................................. 141
Turn signal lights
Indicator ................................ 136
Lever ..................................... 130
Replacing light bulbs ............. 287
Switch.................................... 130
Wattage ................................. 352
Vanity mirrors........................... 209
Vehicle data recordings ............21
Vehicle identification number ................................... 343
Vehicle stability control........... 162
VSC............................................ 162 Warning buzzers
Brake system ........................ 305
Seat belt reminder................. 307
Warning lights ABS ....................................... 306
Airbag system ....................... 306
Anti-lock brake system .......... 306
Brake system ........................ 305
Charging system .... ............... 306
Cruise control ........................ 306
Driver’s seat belt ................... 307
Electric power steering system ................................ 306
Electronic engine control
system ................................ 306
Engine oil replacement ......... 307
EPS system .......................... 306
Front passenger occupant classification system ........... 306
Front passenger’s seat
belt ...................................... 307
High engine coolant temperature ........................ 306
Low brake fluid ...................... 305
Low engine oil pressure ........ 306
Low tire inflation pressure ..... 307
Low washer fluid ................... 307
Malfunction............................ 306
Open door ............................. 307
Seat belt ................................ 307
Seat belt pretensioner system ................................ 306
Slip ........................................ 306
SRS....................................... 306
SRS airbag system ............... 306
Tire pressure ......................... 307
Tire pressure warning system ................................ 307
V
W
398 What to do if...
■Warning lights
P. 307
or
P. 3 0 5P. 307
P. 3 0 6P. 307
P. 3 0 6P. 307
P. 3 0 6P. 307
P. 308
or
P. 3 0 6P. 308
P. 3 0 6P. 308
P. 309
or*1: Slip indicator comes on.
*2: The light flashes to indicate a
malfunction.P. 3 0 7
Brake system warning
lightElectric power steering system
warning light
Slip indicator light*1
Charging system warning
lightCruise control indicator
light
*2
Low engine oil pressure
warning lightOpen door warning light
High engine coolant tempera-
ture warning lightLow fuel level warning
light
Malfunction indicator
lamp
Tire pressure warning
light
SRS warning lightLow windshield washer fluid
warning light
ABS warning lightMaintenance required
reminder light
Driver’s and front pas-
senger’s seat belt
reminder light