Changing a wheel
Before changing a wheel
Observe the following precautions for your
own and your passenger's safety when chang
ing a wheel .
.,. After you experience a tire fai lure, pull the
car well away from moving traffic and try to
reach
le vel gro und before you stop¢.&_ .
.. All passengers shou ld
leav e the car and
move to a safe location (fo r instan ce, be hind
the guardra il)¢ .&_.
.. Engage the
parking br ake to prevent your
vehicle from ro lling unintentionally¢ .&_.
.. Move
selecto r leve r to posi tion P ¢ .&_ .
.. If you are tow ing a trai ler, unh itch the trai l
er from your veh icle.
.,. Take the
jack and the spare tire out of the
luggage compartment ¢
page 267,
¢page 268.
.8, WARNING
You or your passengers cou ld be injured
w hile changing a whee l if yo u do not fol
low t hese safety precautions:
- If you have a flat t ire, move a safe dis
t a nce off the ro ad. Tur n off the eng ine,
turn the emergency f lashers on an d use
other warning dev ices to alert other mo
torists.
- Make sure that passengers wait in a safe
place away from the ve hicle and well
away from the road and traff ic.
- To help p revent the vehicle from moving
sudden ly and possibly slipping off the
jack, always fu lly set the parking brake
and block the wheel diagonally opposite
the wheel being changed. Whe n one
front wheel is lifted off the ground, plac ing the A utomat ic Transm iss ion in P
(Park) will
not p revent the vehicle from
moving.
- Before you change a wheel, be su re the
ground is level and fi rm. If necessa ry,
use a sturdy board under the jack.
-
What do I do now? 269
- Always store the vehicle tool kit, the jack
and the replaced tire in the luggage com partment
¢page 136.
(D Tips
Before changing the whee l, you must acti
vate the jacking mode, so that the auto matic controls for the Adaptive Air Sus
pension* do not make it more d iff icult to
lift the vehicle with the jack
¢ page 271 .
Changing a wheel
When you change a wheel , follow these
quence described below step-by-step and in
exactly that order .
l. Activate the vehicle jack mode*
¢page 271 .
2. Remove the decorativ e whee l cover* . For
more details see also¢
page 2 70, Deco
rative wheel covers
or ¢ page 2 70,
Wheels with wheel bolt caps .
3. Loosen the wh eel bolt s ¢page 271.
4. Loca te the p roper moun ting poin t for the
jack and align the jack be low that point
¢ page 271 .
5. Rais e the car with the jack ¢ page 271.
6. Remove the wheel with the flat tire and
then install
the spare ¢page 273.
7. Tighten all whee l bolts lightly .
8.
Lo wer the vehicle with the jack .
9 . Use the wheel bolt w rench and
firmly
t ighten al l wheel bolts¢ page 2 71.
10. Rep lace the deco ra ti ve whe el c ove r*.
11. Deactivate the vehicle jack mode* in the
MMI:
ICARI f u nction button > (Car )* sy s
tems
contro l button > S ervici ng & check s
> Air s usp.: jack mod e > Off.
The vehicle jack mode * switches off automati
ca lly at speeds above 6 mph (10 km/h) .
.8, WARNING
-Always read and fo llow all WARNINGS and
i nformat ion¢
A in Raising the vehicle on
page
272 and ¢ page 274.
•
•
Taking the wheel off/installing the spare
Follow these instructions step-by-step for
changing the wheel.
Fig. 2 12 Changing a wheel: using the screwdriver han
dle (with the blade removed} to turn t he bo lts
F ig . 2 13 Changing a wheel: alignm en t pin ins ide the
top hole
After you have loosened a ll wheel bolts and
ra ised the veh icle off the ground, remove and
replace the wheel as follows:
R emoving the wheel
.. Use the hex agon al so ck et in th e scr ew dr iv
e r handle
to comp letely remove the top
most wheel bo lt and set it aside on a
clean
s u rface Q fig. 212 .
.. Screw the threaded end of the alignm ent
pin from the tool k it hand -tight into the
empty bolt hole
Qfig . 213.
.. Then remove the other wheel bo lts as de
scribed above .
.. Take off the wheel leaving the alignment
pin in the bolt hole
Q (D.
Putting on the spar e wheel
.. Lift the spare wheel and carefully slide it
over the alignment pin to guide it in place
Q (D.
What do I d o now ? 273
.. Use the hexagonal socket in the screwdriver
handle to screw in and tighten all wheel
bolts
slightly.
.. Remove the alignment pin and insert and
tighten the remaining wheel bolt slightly like the rest.
.. Turn the jack handle counter-clockwise to
lower the veh icle until the jack is fully re
leased .
.. Use the wheel bo lt wrench to tighten all
wheel bo lts firm ly
Q page 271. Tighten
them
crosswise, from one bolt to the (ap
proximately) opposite one, to keep the
wheel centered.
(D Note
When removing or installing the whee l,
the rim could hit the brake rotor and dam
age the rotor. Work carefully and have a
second person help you.
@ Tips
Never use the hexagonal socket in the han
dle of the screwdriver to loosen or tighten
the w heel bolts.
- Pull the reversible blade from the screw
dr iver before you use the hexagonal
socket in the hand le to turn the wheel
bolts.
- When mounting tires w ith
unidi rectional
tread design
make sure the tread pat
tern is po inted the right way
~page 274.
-The wheel bo lts shou ld be clean and easy
to turn . Check for dirt and corrosion on
the mating surfaces of both the wheel
and the hub. Remove all d irt from these
surfaces before remounting the whee l.
2 76 Fuses and bulbs
Fuse panel
@ (bl ack )
No. Equ ipment
= 7 Audi adaptive cruise control
8 Airbag control module, front
passenger's seat sensor system
9 Gateway
Homelink (garage door opener),
10 night vision system contro l
module
Image processing (Audi active
11 lane assist, Audi adaptive cruise
control)
12 Steering
I 13 Terminal 15 in the luggage com-
partment
14 T
ermina l 15 in the instr ument
pane l (front passenger's s ide)
15 Terminal 15 engine
16 Starter
Fuse panel B (brown)
No. Equipment
1 Gateway
2 Climate control
3 E SC con trol module
Front door (driver's side)
5 Power seat adjustment (dr
iver's
sea t)
6 Steering
7 Sun roof
8
R ear door control module (driv-
er's side)
9
Lumbar support ( Front passen-
ger seat)
11 Sunroof, rear spoiler ( Sportbac k)
12 Driver door control mod
ule
Fuse panel c (red)
No. Equipment
2 Fuel p ump
.
3
Brake light sensor/brake pedal
sensor s ystem
4 Engine aco ustics
Amp s
10
5
5
10
5
15
30 15
40
Amps
5
10
10
30
7,5
35
20 15
5
20
15
Amps
25
5/5
7 ,5
-Fuse panel © (red )
No. Equipment Amps
=· Rear door control module (driv-
5 30
er's side)
6 Left rear seat ______ , 7,5
Ho rn 15
Windshield wiper ____ 30
Light/rain sensor ___ 5
10 Lumba r support (dr iver seat) 5
11 Front passenger door control
module
1 2 Rig ht rear door control mod ule
Front passenger side cockpit fuse
assignment
15
15
Fig. 21 6 Fro nt passen ger sid e co ckp it : fu se pa nel w it h
p last ic brac ket
Fuse panel @ (black)
No. Equipment Amps
1 Head-up D is p la y 5
2
MMI Display 5
3 C D/DVD changer 5
4 MMI unit/drives 7,5
5 Chi
p card rea der (not in a ll co un-
5
tries)
6 Instrument cluster 5
7 Stee
ring column switch module
5
8 Headlight range adjustment/
5/7,5
adaptive lighting sys tem
1 0 Left headlight (head
light wit h
7,5
adaptive light)
I
...
Fuse s and bulb s 2 77
Fuse panel @ (brown) Fuse panel@ (red )
No. Equipment Amps No.
Equipment Amps
Climate control 10 1 Left belt tensioner 25
Climate control system blower 40 2 Right belt tensioner 25
3
Diagnost ic connec tor 10 3 Socke t 20
4
Electrical ignition lock 5 4 Socket 20
5
Power s teering colum n adj ust-
5 ment
5 Ele ctromechanical parking brake 5
6 adaptive air suspension 15
6 Steering column switch module 10
7
Power steering column adjust -
25
ment
7
Rear door (front passenger 's
30 side)
8 Rear e xterior lighting 30
8 Light switch 5
9
L u ggage compa rtment lid con-
30
trol modu le
Luggage compartment fuse assignment Telephone 5
11
Sound amplif ier 30
12
Rear spoiler (Sportback) 20
Fuse panel © (b rown )
No . Amps
1
Radio receiver, Sound amplifier/ 30/20
MMI unit/drives
2 Tank leak detection system 5
Fig. 2 17 Luggage co mpar tment: fuse panel w ith plas-
t ic b racke t 4
AEM co ntrol module/battery 10/15
module
Fuse p anel A (black )
Battery fan 35
Radio receive r 7,5
No. Equipment Amps 8 Rear Seat Entertainment 7,5
Electromechanical parking brake 30
Electromechanical parking brake 30 9
Automatic d imm ing interior 5/15
rearview mirror/battery mod ule
6
Front door (front passenger's
30 side)
10 Parking system 5
7
Rear exterior lighting 30 Fuse panel @ (green )
Rear sun shade, clos ing aid, lug-No .
Equipment Amps
8
gage compartment lock, con-
20 venience key, START ENGINE
1 Aud i pre sense 5
2
Electromechanical parking brake 5
STOP, fuel fi ller door 3 ad aptive air suspens ion 5
9 Power seat adjustment 15
4 Automatic transmission 7,5
10
Parking system 5 5 Parking system 5
11
Rear seat heating 30 6 Rear Seat Entertainment 5
7
Sta rt -Stop-Sys tem 5
8 Audi side assist 5
280 Emergency situations
@ Tips
The discharged battery must be properly
connected to the vehicle's electrical sys
tem. When jump starting or charging the
battery, never connect the negative
ground cable to the battery negative post
because the batte ry manager system must
be able to detect the battery 's state of
charge. Always connect the negative
ground cab le to the negative ground post
of the battery manager control unit.
Use of jumper cables
Make sure to connect the jumper cable
clamps in exactly the order described below!
Fig. 218 Engine compartment: connecto rs for jump
start cables and charger
Fig. 219 Jump start ing with the battery of another ve·
hide: @-booster battery, @-discharged ve hicle bat
tery
The procedure described below fo r connecting
jumper cables is intended to provide a jump
start for your vehicle.
Vehicle with discharged battery:
.,. Turn off lights and accessories, move lever
of automatic transmission to N (Neutral) or
P (Park) and set parking brake.
Connect POSITIVE(+) to POSITIVE(+)
(red)
.,. Open the red cover on the positive terminal
¢fig. 218.
1. Connect one end of the red positive cable
on the
jump start bolt c::;, fig. 219 @ (bolt
under the red cover = "positive") of the ve
hicle to be started @.
2. Connect the other end to the positive ter-
mina l@ of the booster battery@.
Connect NEGATIVE (-) to NEGATIVE (-)
(black)
3. Connect one end of the black negative ca
ble to the negat ive terminal @ of the
booster battery @.
4. Connect the other end to the
jump start
pin © (bolts with hex head bolt= "nega
tive") of the vehicle to be started @.
Starting the engine
.,. Start the engine of the veh icle with the
booster battery@. Run the engine at a
moderate speed .
.,. Start engine with d ischarged vehicle battery
@ in the usual manner.
.,. If the engine fails to start, do not keep the
starter cranking for longer than 10 seconds.
Wait for about 30 seconds and then try aga in .
.,. With eng ine running,
remove jumper cables
from both vehicles in the exact
reverse o r
de r .
.,. Close the red cover on the positive term inal.
T he battery is vented to the outside to prevent
gases from entering the veh icle inter ior. Make
sure that the jumper clamps are well connect
ed with their metal parts in full contact with
the battery terminals.
_& WARNING
To avoid serious personal injury and dam
age to the vehicle, heed all warnings and
instructions of the jumper cable manufac
turer. If in doubt, call for road service .
- Jumper cables must be long enough so
that the veh icles do not touch.
-
Index 295 ____________________________ ...:.:..:.=.:::.::.:
Automatic climate control
Air vents ... ................ ... .... 72
Automatic recirculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Operation ................... .. ....
71
Setup ... ..................... .... 73
synchronizing . ........ ... ... ... ... . 72
Automatic Shift Lock (ASL) ... ... .. .. .
110
A t t· t . .
u oma 1c ransm1ss1on ....... .. .. .. . 109
Automatic Shift Lock (ASL) . .. .. .. .. . 110
Driving .. .. ............. .. .. .. .. . 111
Emergency mode ............ ... .. . 114
Emergency release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Kick-down . ................. ... ... 113
Manual shift program ..... .. .. .. .. . 113
Selector lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Automatic wipers ................ .... 47
Auto Safety Hotline ......... ... ... ..
138
Average consumption ....... .. .. .. .. .. 25
Average speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Avoid damaging the vehicle ...... ... .. 205
B
Bag hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Brake system
Anti-lock braking system .............
20
Brake assist system ................ 196
Brake booster .. .. ................. 200
Brake fluid .. .. .. .... ............. 239
Brake fluid specifications for refill and re
placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
240
Brake light defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Brake pads .... .. .. . ..............
204
Electromechanical parking brake ... .. . 78
Fluid reservoir ... .. ...............
239
How does moisture or road salt affect the
brakes? ....... .... ...............
199
Warning/indicator lights ........ .... . 15
Worn brake pads symbol ............ . 21
braking guard
Settings ... ... .... ................
93
Braking guard ..... .. ................ 86
Messages . .. .. .. .... ........... .. . 93
Break-in period .. .. .. ............... 204
Brake pads .. .. .. .... ... .... .... .. 204
Tires
Bulbs
....... ..... .. ...............
204
278
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
240 C
Charging ... ................ ... ... 243
Important warnings ......... ... .. . 241
Jump starting ..................... 279
Location . .. ............. .... .. ...
241
low . .. ... . .... ............. .. .. . 202
Replacing the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
State of charge .............. .... .. 202
Winter operation ............ .... .. 240
Working on the battery .... .. .. .. .. . 241
Before driving .. ........... .. .. .. ... 130
Blended gasoline ................... 225
Blower (automatic climate control) . . . . . . 72
Blower (climate control) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69
Body cavity sealing ......... .. .. .. .. . 219
Booster seats ..... .. ...... .. .. .. .. . 184
Brake fluid
Changing the brake fluid ........... .
240
Checking the brake fluid level . .. .. .. . 239
What is the correct brake fluid level? .. 239
What should I do if the brake fluid warn-
ing light comes on? .......... .. ....
239
California Proposition 65 Warning ..... 231
Battery specific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Engine oil ... .. .. .................
232
Car care .... .. .. .. ................. 213
Exterior ......... .. ..... .......... 213
Interior ... .. .. .. .. . .. .... ........ 219
Car carrier
Transporting your vehicle ....... .. .. 283
Cargo area ... ..... .. ...............
136
Cargo net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Catalytic converter ... .............. . 205
Center armrest
Cockpit ... .. .. .. ................. .
54
Central locking .. .... ... ....... ...... 34
Emergency locking .. ... ....... .... .. 38
Certification .. .. .. .................
292
Changi ng a wheel .. .... ......... .... 269
Changing engine oil .. ... ....... .... .
236
Chassis (undercoating) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
•
•
(upholde r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Curve l ight ................... ... ... 102
Cylinder on demand System . .. .. .. .. .. 27
D
Data . ... .. .. ... .. .. ..... ... .. .. ... 287
D ata recorder ............. .... .. ... 196
Date display . .. .. ......... .. .. .. .... 27
D aytime running lights ... ... .. .. .. .. .. 4 3
Declaration of compliance Adapt ive cruise control ........ . ... . 292
Aud i side assist .......... .. .. .. .. . 29 2
Cell phone package ....... .. .. .. .. . 29 2
Conven ience key ....... ... .. .. .. .. . 292
E lectronic immobilizer .. ... .. .. .. .. . 29 2
Homelink ® universal remote contro l .. 292
Remote control key ....... .. .. .. .. . 292
DE F
What does th is mean when it appears in
the trip odometer display? ... .. .. .. .. 27
Defective light bulb warning . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Defrosting (w indows)
au toma tic cl imate con trol .. .. .. ... ... 72
climate control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
D etermining cor rect load limit ... .. .. . 255
D imensions .. .. .............. ... ... 286
Dimming the rearview mirror . . . . . . . . . . 50
Di stance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Door/rear lid warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Doors Power child safety lock .... .. .. .. .. .. 40
Dr iver information system
CD/radio display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
D oor/rear lid warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Efficiency program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
E xterior temperature d isp lay . .. .. .. .. 23
On-board computer ....... .. .. .. .. .. 25
D river seating posi tion ... ... .. .. .. .. . 13 1
drive select ............ ...... .... .. 102
adapt ive a ir suspension/spo rt . .. ... .. 102
Adap tive dampe rs ........ .. .. .. .. . 10 2
Curve ligh t ..... ......... .... .. .. . 102
E ng ine sound ... .. .... ... .. .. .... . 102
Safety belt tensioner ... ... .. .. .. .. . 10 2
Sport different ia l ...... ... .. .. .. .. . 102
Dr iving safe ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Inde x 297
Driving through water . .. ..... ... .. .. 206
Drivi ng time ...... .. ................ 25
D uplicate key . .. .. ... ............ .. . 32
D ust fil ter
refer to P oll utant fi lter . ..... ... .. .. . 68
E
Easy entry fea ture .. .. .. ......... .. .. . 75
Efficiency program . ............. .. .. . 26
Fuel economy messages ............. 26
Other equipment . .. .......... .... .. 26
E lectr ica l accessories (sockets) . . . . . . . . . 58
El ectro-mecha nical power ass ist ... .. .. 201
E lectromechanical parking brake
E mergency brak ing ........... .... .. 80
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Pa rking . .. .. .. .. ... .. .......... .. . 79
Re le a sing and closing .......... .. .. . 78
St art ing ass ist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Star ting from res t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Starting off with a trailer ..... ... .. .. . 80
Warning/ind icator lights .......... .. . 16
El ec tronic differenti al lock ( EDL) ... .. .. 196
Wa rning/ind ica tor lights .......... .. . 20
E lectronic immob ilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . 27, 33
E lectronic power contro l (EPC)
warning/indicator light ......... .. .. . 21
El ec tronic s peed limi ter .......... .. .. . 30
E lectronic Stabilization Cont ro l (ESC) ... 196
Warning/ind icator lights ........... .. 19
Emergency act uat ion
Doors .... .. .. .. ................. . 38
Power sunroof . .. .. ........... .... . 42
Rear lid ... .. .. .. .. . .. .... .... .. .. . 40
Emergency brak ing ... . .. .. ..... ... .. . 80
E mergency flashe r ..... ......... .. .. . 44
W arning/ind icator lights ........ .. .. . 23
Emergency re lease
Se lector lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Emergency starting . .. .. .. ..... ... .. 279
E mergency towing . .... ......... .. .. 281
Emergency warning triangle ........ .. 267
E nergy management .. .. .. ..... ... .. 202
Engine Compartment .. .. .. ........... .... 232
Coolant ... .. .. .. .... ............. 237
•
•
298 Index
------------------------------------
Data .... ....... ......... ... .... . 28 7
Start-Stop-System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
start ing .. .. ................ ..... .. 75
Starting with jumper cables .. .. ..... 279
Stopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Engine compartment ........ .... ... . 232
C losing the hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Opening the hood ................. 230
Safety instructions ........ .. .. .... . 230
Working in the engine compartment .. 230
Engine coolant .................... . 237
Adding coolant ............ ... .... . 238
Checking the engine coolant level . . . . . 23 7
Expansion tank ........... .. .. .. .. . 237
Malfunction symbol ....... .. .. .... .. 16
Radiator fan .............. ... .. .. . 239
Temperature gauge ........ ..... .. .. 11
Engine oil ... ................ ..... . 232
Adding .. .... ........... .... .... . 235
Additives . .. ............. .. .. .. ... 235
Changing .... ... .... .... .. .. .. .. . 236
Check ing the engine oil level .. .. .. .. . 235
I ndications and cond it ions requ iring ex-
tra checking .. ........... .. .. .... . 235
I ndicator light ........... .. .. .. .. .. 18
O il consumption .......... .... .... . 234
Oil grades . ................. ..... . 232
Oil level symbol .................... 21
Pressure malfunction ....... ... .. .. .. 18
Recommended oil check intervals ..... 235
Sensor defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Specification and viscosity .. .. .. .. .. . 232
Engine sound .............. ... .... . 102
E ng ine speed limitation ....... .. .. .. . . 21
Engine start-stop mode
refer to Star t-Stop-System ... .. .. .. .. 82
Engine start system (indicator lights) . ... 18
Environment Break-in period ......... .. .. .. .. .. . 204
Cata lytic converter ........ .. .. .. .. . 205
Disposing of your vehicle battery . ... . 244
Driving at high speeds .............. 207
Driving to minimize pollution and noise 206
Fuel . .. .. ............... .. .. .... . 227
Fuel economy ............ .... .... . 206
Leaks under your vehicle ... .. .. .. .. . 230
Lett ing the vehicle stand and warm up . 207
Proper disposal of drained brake fluid . 240 Proper disposal of d
rained engine cool-
ant ..... ..... .. .. .............. . 238
Proper disposal of drained eng ine
oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235, 236
Recycling used engine oil ........ .... 23S
Unleaded fuel .. .. ................ . 22S
What should I do with an old battery? . 244
ESC (Electronic Stabilization Control) Warning/indicator lights ........ .. .. . 19
Event Data Recorder (EDR) ........ .. .. 196
Exhaust tail pipes .. .......... ...... . 219
Expansion tank .... ................ . 237
Exterior lighting . ... ............ .. .. . 43
Exterior mirrors Adjusting ..... .. .. ........ ...... .. 49
Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Heating ...... ... .. .............. .. 49
Exterior temperature display ...... .. .. . 23
F
Fastening
Booster seats .. .. ............. .... 184
Convertible child safety seats . . . . . . . . 182
Infant seats ... .. ............. .... 181
Floor mats . ..... .. ................ . 13S
Foot pedals ..... .. ..... ........... . 13S
For the sake of the environment Gasoline fumes and the environment .. 227
Reducing engine noise by early upshift-
ing ...... .... ... .. ................ 11
Refueling ... .. .. ....... ...... .. .. 227
Sav ing fuel by early upsh ifting . .. .. .. . 11
Four- zone automatic climate control . .. . 71
Front airbags
Description .... .. ................ . 1S3
How they work ... ................ . 159
Frontal coll is ions and the laws of phys ics 141
Front seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Adjusting ... .. .. ....... ...... .. .. 132
Child restraints in the front seat ...... 151
Fuel Additives .. .... .. ............. .... 225
Blended gasoline .............. .... 225
Current consumption .............. .. 25
Economy messages (efficiency program) 26
Fuel filler flap emergency release ... .. 228