0.50
WA
BU-OG
49S-LG11WBU
49S-LG18
3132
C8363
C8366
0.75
WA
BK
31-LE31
36
C96
37
PM
(+) (-)
.
DC02
25.0
FWK
RD
30-DA25
31-DA11 BK WA 1.5
G12A
GROUND LEFT FRONT
31-DA11A BK WA 1.531-HB35A BK WA 0.35
BU-RD WA 0.35
49S-LG13
B+
FOLDM
MMLIGHT
PUDDLEREP. SIDE
MTR
UP/DN
MTR L/R
PM26
,
C9622
6.0
WA
RD
30-DA1
3412
67
9
LOW
HIGH
PARK
TURNLeveling
M
LF08
12
7
9
LOWLevelingM
LF09
+
F11 20A
C7281
18C729
3C728
C411C441
TURN SIGNAL LAMPS RIGHT
TURN SIGNAL LAMPS LEFT
HAZARD WARNING SW
TURN LAMP SW RHTURN LAMP SW LH
ELECTRONIC POWERIGNITION
CAN
BP02
31-DA3 BK WA 2.5
G37
LEFT FRONT
GROUNDS121
+60A
F3
BB03
B-
G8
ENGINE
GROUND
GROUND BATTERY G1
25.0
FLR9
BK
31-BA11A
31-BA11 BK FLR9 25.0
6C806
C8067
GND
GND MIRROR
SIDE TURN INDICATORCAN
5PL01
,
LS23 ,
C4641
C4642
C4631
C4632
LS27 ,
S199
31-LG19 BK WA 0.75
G77B
LEFT
GROUND
0.75
WA
BK
31-LG12
0.50
WA
BU
49S-LG12A0.50
WA
BU-RD
49S-LG19A
31-DA16 BK WA 1.5
S216
91S-LG
33C10032
C10317
WABK
31-DA15
G R
G
.Battery
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL
,Exterior Mirror LH
44122Headlamp Assembly LHHeadlamp Assembly RH
Central Junction Box (CJB)
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDFENDER
EJB
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDSUPPORT
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDSUPPORT
,Driver Door Module (DDM)
,
Rear Turn Signal Lamp LH,Rear Turn Signal Lamp RH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCHGGGGGGW
417-01-21 Turn Signal and Hazard Lamps
2011.0 Kuga (G1313190)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
0.50WA
4.0
WA
BK
31-DA4
C45976
10
0.35
WA
BK-GN
91-LG27
S12
0.35
WA
BK-YE
91S-LG10.35
WA
BK-BU
91S-LG2
91-DA2 BK-BU WA 0.75
C8373
S109
C8376
0.75
WA
BK
31-LE30
C1-8C1-6C1-7
C1-10
C1-9C1-3C1-1C1-5
MAIN FLASH
DIP R/STURN
DIPRIGHTLEFT
MFD SWSW
LS34
,
49S-LG20 0.35
WA
BU-WH
GROUND RIGHT FRONT G53A
1.5
WA
BK
31-DA12A
31-HB36A BK WA 0.35
FOLDMM M
LIGHT
PUDDLEREP.
SIDE
MTR UP/DN
MTR
L/R
,
PM31
341
6
HIGH PARK TURN
C72218
3C723
1C723
1
C431
C49
,
1.5
WA
BK
31-DA12
G7
DRIVER SIDE
ELECTRONIC GROUND
SIDE MEMBER GND RIGHT FRONT G56B
GND
GND MIRROR
SIDE TURN INDICATORCAN
5PL01
,
4C457
91-BB14 BK-BU WA 0.35
6C457
0.35
WA
BK-OGG8A
7C819
C8196
2.5A
GROUND
RIGHT
70A
GND 4
6
HZWSTART123START2558D
STOP
START-STOP
HZW
STOPDC06 ,
,Steering Column Multifunction Switch
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
,Exterior Mirror RH
ELECTRONICGEELECTRONICGEEELECTRONICGA-PILLAR
SIDEMEMBSSIDEMEMBSSSIDEMEMBFRAME
,Driver Door Module (DDM)
GROUNDGROUNDGROUNDWHEELARCH
,Ignition Switch and Hazard Flasher Switch Unit
417-01-22 Turn Signal and Hazard Lamps
2011.0 Kuga (G1313190)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
.TO ELECTROCHROMATIC MIRROR
0.0
31S-LB25A BK-BU WA 0.501
LN13
LAMP
C8202
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20
0.50
WA
OG-BU
29-LB25
LIGHT
PUDDLE
SIDE
REP.
MTR
L/R
MTR UP/DN
MM
PM31
.
0.35
WA
BK-BU
31S-GL16A
0.35
WA
OG-WHLC43
-HB36A BK WA 0.35
3C845C8443
91-LC17 BK-YE 0.35 WA
C89012C890
C8931
C8921
2C891
C1-1
CG
LAMP
1
21) On
2) Off
5LN23
LAMPC1-1
CG
1
21) On
2) Off
6LN24
.1C8911
C844
91-LB16 BK-RD WA 0.350.35
WA
BK-WH
91-LB23
C845
1
31S-LC17 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-BU
91-LC7
31S-LB12 BK-YE WA 0.35
C987S21329-LB6A OG-YE WA 0.35
29-LC7A OG-BU WA 0.3529-LB23 OG-WH WA 0.3529-LB16 OG-GN WA 0.3529-LC17 OG-YE WA 0.35
C9813
2) Off
3) Ctsy 1) On
3
2
12 11
2
MAP READING
IS SENSOR
.
LN28F104 10A
L
MDLP
AJ
R
S
U
MPCP
MDPM
M
M
PL64
C588
0.35
WA
OG
29-AD151
C742
0.50
WA
BK-GN
91-DA4
S203
4
C984
C1-2
C1-3
C1-1
3 2
1 2
1
21
3) Ctsy 2) Off1) On
MAP READING
LN14.
10 BK WA 1.5
431-AA58B BK WA 0.35
8C149
C1508
31-DA22A BK WA 0.50
1.5
WA
BK
31-DA10
C45
1
1
C54
AJ
M
MMDLP MPCP MDPM
PL72
0.50
WA
BK
31-AJ83B
0.75
WA
BK
31-DA22B1
C54
G53A
91-LC17A BK-YE 0.35 WA
MOTOR12
M
PL17
4C798
S196
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25C
C5810
12
M
. PL60
4
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25B
8C819
C819
6
GROUND LEFT
G77A
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA13A2C803-A
C7982
31-GL20A BK WA 1.031-GL20B BK WA 1.0
S189
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25D
G53B
RIGHT FRONT
GROUND
GROUND RIGHT FRONT
G53A
GROUND
RIGHT FRONT
G53A
LAMPLAMPLAMPLuggage Compartment Lamp
.Exterior Mirror RH
111Vanity Mirror Lamp LH1111paaLHampamLHmpmpLHmp..LHVanity Mirror Lamp RH
.Front Interior Lamp
Passenger Door Latch
er Door Module (PDM)
.Rear Interior Lamp
Rear Door Latch RH
RRLiftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Latch
Upper Liftgate Latch
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
417-02-3 Courtesy and Demand Lighting—LHD 4WD/LHD FWD, Vehicles Without: Door Module
2011.0 Kuga (G1223807)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
.TO ELECTROCHROMATIC MIRROR
0.0
31S-LB25A BK-BU WA 0.501
LN13
LAMP
C8202
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20
0.50
WA
OG-BU
29-LB25
LIGHT
PUDDLE
SIDE
REP.
MTR
L/R
MTR UP/DN
MM
PM31
.
0.35
WA
BK-BU
31S-GL16A
0.35
WA
OG-WHLC43
-HB36A BK WA 0.35
3C845C8443
91-LC17 BK-YE 0.35 WA
C89012C890
C8931
C8921
2C891
C1-1
CG
LAMP
1
21) On
2) Off
5LN23
LAMPC1-1
CG
1
21) On
2) Off
6LN24
.1C8911
C844
91-LB16 BK-RD WA 0.350.35
WA
BK-WH
91-LB23
C845
1
31S-LC17 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-BU
91-LC7
31S-LB12 BK-YE WA 0.35
C987S21329-LB6A OG-YE WA 0.35
29-LC7A OG-BU WA 0.3529-LB23 OG-WH WA 0.3529-LB16 OG-GN WA 0.3529-LC17 OG-YE WA 0.35
C9813
2) Off
3) Ctsy 1) On
3
2
12 11
2
MAP READING
IS SENSOR
.
LN28F104 10A
AJ
M
MMDLP MPCP MDPM
PL72
.
L
MDLP
AJ
R
S
U
MPCP
MDPM
M
M
PL64
C588
0.35
WA
OG
29-AD151
C742
91-AA58 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-YE
91-AA58C
0.50
WA
BK-GN
91-DA4
S203
4
C149
8
C984
8
C150
C1-2
C1-3
C1-1
3 2
1 2
1
21
3) Ctsy 2) Off1) On
MAP READING
LN14.
G53A
91-LC17A BK-YE 0.35 WA
G54B
R
MOTOR12
M
PL17
4C798
S196
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25C
C5810
12
M
LIFTGATE E706
4
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25B
8C819
C819
6
GROUND LEFT
G77A
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA13A2C803
C7982
31-GL20A BK WA 1.031-GL20B BK WA 1.0
S189
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25DSLB ALAMPLAMPLAMPLAMPLuggage Compartment Lamp
.Exterior Mirror RH
111Vanity Mirror Lamp LH1111paaLHampamLHmpmpLHmp..LHVanity Mirror Lamp RH
..Front Interior Lamp
Passenger Door Latch
er Door Module (PDM)
.Rear Interior Lamp
GGGGGGGGGGANEL
RRLiftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Latch
LIFTGATEALLIFTGATEALLLIFTGATEAAIntake Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
417-02-5 Courtesy and Demand Lighting—LHD 4WD/LHD FWD, Vehicles With: Door Module
2011.0 Kuga (G1223808)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
.TO ELECTROCHROMATIC MIRROR
0.0
31S-LB25A BK-BU WA 0.501
LN13
LAMP
C8202
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20
0.50
WA
OG-BU
29-LB25
LIGHT
PUDDLE
SIDE
REP.
MTR
L/R
MTR UP/DN
MM
PM31
.
0.35
WA
BK-BU
31S-GL16A
0.35
WA
OG-WHLC43
-HB36A BK WA 0.35
3C845C8443
91-LC17 BK-YE 0.35 WA
C89012C890
C8931
C8921
2C891
C1-1
CG
LAMP
1
21) On
2) Off
5LN23
LAMPC1-1
CG
1
21) On
2) Off
6LN24
.1C8911
C844
91-LB16 BK-RD WA 0.350.35
WA
BK-WH
91-LB23
C845
1
31S-LC17 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-BU
91-LC7
31S-LB12 BK-YE WA 0.35
C987S21329-LB6A OG-YE WA 0.35
29-LC7A OG-BU WA 0.3529-LB23 OG-WH WA 0.3529-LB16 OG-GN WA 0.3529-LC17 OG-YE WA 0.35
C9813
LAMP
2) Off
3) Ctsy 1) On
3
2
12 11
2
MAP READING
IS SENSOR
LN28F104 10A
L
MDLP
AJ
R
S
U
MPCP
MDPM
M
M
PL64
C588
0.35
WA
OG
29-AD151
C742
0.50
WA
BK-GN
91-DA4
S203
4
C984
C1-2
C1-3
C1-1
3 2
1 2
1
21
3) Ctsy 2) Off1) On
MAP READING
LN14.
10 BK WA 1.5
431-AA58B BK WA 0.35
C149
8
C1508
C45
1
AJ
M
MMDLP MPCP MDPM
PL72
0.50
WA
BK
31-AJ83B
0.75
WA
BK
31-DA22B1
C54
G53A
91-LC17A BK-YE 0.35 WA
MOTOR12
M
PL17
4C798
S196
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25C
C5810
12
M
LIFTGATE E706
4
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25B
8C819
C819
6
GROUND LEFT
G77A
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA13A2C803
C7982
31-GL20A BK WA 1.031-GL20B BK WA 1.0
S189
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25D
G53B
RIGHT FRONT
GROUND
GROUND RIGHT FRONT
G53A
LAMPLAMPLAMPLAMPLuggage Compartment Lamp
.Exterior Mirror RH
111Vanity Mirror Lamp LH1111paaLHampamLHmpmpLHmp..LHVanity Mirror Lamp RH
Front Interior Lamp
Passenger Door Latch
er Door Module (PDM)
.Rear Interior Lamp
PL72Rear Door Latch RH
RRLiftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Latch
LIFTGATEALLIFTGATEAALLLIFTGATEAAIntake Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
417-02-7 Courtesy and Demand Lighting—RHD 4WD/RHD FWD, Vehicles Without: Door Module
2011.0 Kuga (G1223809)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
.TO ELECTROCHROMATIC MIRROR
0.0
31S-LB25A BK-BU WA 0.501
LN13
LAMP
C8202
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20
0.50
WA
OG-BU
29-LB25
LIGHT
PUDDLE
SIDE
REP.
MTR
L/R
MTR UP/DN
MM
PM31
.
0.35
WA
BK-BU
31S-GL16A
0.35
WA
OG-WHLC43
-HB36A BK WA 0.35
3C845C8443
91-LC17 BK-YE 0.35 WA
C89012C890
C8931
C8921
2C891
C1-1
CG
LAMP
1
21) On
2) Off
5LN23
LAMPC1-1
CG
1
21) On
2) Off
6LN24
.1C8911
C844
91-LB16 BK-RD WA 0.350.35
WA
BK-WH
91-LB23
C845
1
31S-LC17 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-BU
91-LC7
31S-LB12 BK-YE WA 0.35
C987S21329-LB6A OG-YE WA 0.35
29-LC7A OG-BU WA 0.3529-LB23 OG-WH WA 0.3529-LB16 OG-GN WA 0.3529-LC17 OG-YE WA 0.35
C9813
2) Off
3) Ctsy 1) On
3
2
12 11
2
MAP READING
IS SENSOR
.
LN28F104 10A
AJ
M
MMDLP MPCP MDPM
PL72
.
L
MDLP
AJ
R
S
U
MPCP
MDPM
M
M
PL64
C588
0.35
WA
OG
29-AD151
C742
91-AA58 BK-YE WA 0.35
0.35
WA
BK-YE
91-AA58C
0.50
WA
BK-GN
91-DA4
S203
4
C149
8
C984
8
C150
C1-2
C1-3
C1-1
3 2
1 2
1
21
3) Ctsy 2) Off1) On
MAP READING
LN14.
G53A
91-LC17A BK-YE 0.35 WA
G54B
R
MOTOR12
M
PL17
4C798
S196
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25C
C5810
12
M
. PL60
4
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25B
8C819
C819
6
GROUND LEFT
G77A
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA13A2C803-A
C7982
31-GL20A BK WA 1.031-GL20B BK WA 1.0
S189
0.50
WA
BK-BU
31S-LB25DLAMPLLAMPLLAMPLuggage Compartment Lamp
.Exterior Mirror RH
111Vanity Mirror Lamp LH1111paaLHampamLHmpmpLHmp..LHVanity Mirror Lamp RH
..Front Interior Lamp
Passenger Door Latch
er Door Module (PDM)
.Rear Interior Lamp
GGGGGGGGGGANEL
RRLiftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Latch
Upper Liftgate Latch
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
417-02-9 Courtesy and Demand Lighting—RHD 4WD/RHD FWD, Vehicles With: Door Module
2011.0 Kuga (G1223810)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
S109
GROUND LEFT FRONTG37
6C836
C8364C8374
6C837
S121
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA3
0.75
WA
BK
31-LE310.75
WA
BK
31-LE30
29S-LF1 OG-YE WA 1.029S-LF5 OG-BU WA 0.50
4.0
WA
BK
31-DA4
OG-BU WA 0.50
29S-LF7
29S-LF16 OG-GN WA 0.50
15S-LE23 GN-WH WA 0.7515S-LE16 GN-OG WA 0.75
22
0.35
WA
GN-RD
15S-LE42
44
C102
0.35
WA
GN-BK
15S-LE21
3412
67
9
LOW HIGH PARK TURNLeveling M
LF08
.3412
67
9
LOW HIGH PARK TURNLevelingM
LF09
+15A F143+15A F142
34
C102C102
1
+7.5A
F124+F125 7.5A
+7.5A
F117
35
C96
28
C96
8
C96
7
C1035
3934
C100
10
C100
HEADLAMP LOW BEAM SW
HEADLIGHT LOW BEAM
ELECTRONIC POWERIGNITIONPOSITION LIGHT SW
AUTOLAMP OR DTRL INDICATOR
CAN
(LIGHT ON WARNING)
G56B
RIGHT FRONT
SIDE MEMBER GND
GROUND LEFT
G77B
C4754
C4752
29S-LF11A OG-WH WA 0.50
S216
31-DA16 BK WA 1.5
1.0
WA
BK
31-LF23A
TAIL
STOP.
LS18
S199C4742
C4744
1.0
WA
BK
31-LF24B
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA15
GROUND RIGHT
G70A
TAIL
STOP.
4LS19
29S-LF20A OG WA 0.50
1C492C4922C4912
S202
6C59
1
C491
29S-LF22 OG-BK WA 0.50
0.50
WA
BK
31-LF220.50
WA
OG-BK
29S-LF210.50
WA
BK
31-LF21
0.50
WA
OG-BK
29S-LF21B
C58
5
31-DA13B BK WA 1.0
1C59
31-DA13B BK WA 1.0
2.5
WA
BK
31-DA13AS196
GROUND LEFT
G77A
S240
29S-LF12 OG-BK WA 0.50
.
LS04LS05
.
0.50
WA
OG-BK
29S-LF21
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDFENDER
Headlamp Assembly RH
SIDEMEMBSSIDEMEMBSSSIDEMEMBFRAME
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
.Rear Lamp Assembly LH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
.Rear Lamp Assembly RH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
.License Plate Lamp LH.License Plate Lamp RH
417-04-3 Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
2011.0 Kuga (G1223815)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX
TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS
.TO DCU
.TO DCU
.TO DCU.TO DCU.TO LIGHT SWITCH (S5)
.
TO REAR WINDOW HEATER
ISS WITH MIRROR FOLD
ISS W/O MIRROR FOLD
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20
0.75
WA
RD
30-GL43
C95
27
C45
1
S194
0.35
WA
BK-BU
31S-GL16A4C1498C149
4
C150
AJ R S
U L
MDLP
MPCP MDPMMM
PL64
LATCH
0.35
WA
BK
31-AA58B
8
C150
C45
6
0.50
WA
BK
31-DA12C43
1
C436
2RT16
SOUNDER
1C791
3
0.75
WA
BK
31-GL36
29S-GL43 OG-BK WA 0.50
31-DA4 BK WA 4.0
S109
IS GND
BATTERY BACKUP SOUNDER
ALARM ACTIVATION HORN
IS POWER
HOOD AJAR SW
IS SENSE
AJ
M
MMDLP MPCP MDPM
RIGHT REAR PL72
S196
C588
2C798
3
BK
0.50
WA
31-GL20
12
M
PL17
MOTOR
0.50
WA
BK
31-DA22A
31-DA12A BK WA 0.50
2) Off
3) Ctsy 1) On
3
2
1
2
1
1
2
MAP READING
IS SENSOR
IS SENSOR LN28
S171
1.5
WA
BK
31-DA10
31-AJ83B BK WA 0.50
+10A
F137
17C96
C96
20
G56B
RIGHT FRONT
SIDE MEMBER GND
G
C4521G4G23
C98
9
131-DA15 BK WA 0.35
0.35
WA
YE
7-GL1
2C2428-GL10B WH WA 0.35C242 4
RT12
SWITCH
29S-GL10 OG-YE WA 0.351C41
11C44
C4412
C41
C41
10
C44
10S1591-GL1 BK-YE WA 0.35
12
C41
2C2438-GL10A WH WA 0.35
C118
8
8-GL10B WH WA 0.35
0.35
WA
WH
8-GL10B
0.35
WA
WH
8-GL10B0.35
WA
WH
8-GL10A
0.35
WA
BK-OG
31S-GL12
0.35
WA
BK-RD
31S-GL20A
C72950.35
WA
YE
7-GL10
91-GL1 BK-YE WA 0.35
Folded Mirror
ISS
PM20
SWITCH
C243
41
91-AD24A BK-RD WA 0.357C729
0.35
WA
YE-VT
7-LH48AC7295
91-GL1A BK-YE WA 0.357C729
C9501
G77A
LEFT
GROUND
0.75
WA
BK
31-DA13
31-HB19 BK WA 2.5
G53A
RIGHT FRONT
GROUND
5
C64
LATCHALLATCHALLATCHAAPassenger Door Latch
SOUNDERSSOUNDERSSSOUNDERAnti-Theft Alarm Horn with Integral Battery
WAWWAA0ARear Door Latch RH
MOTORMMOTORMMMOTORLiftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Latch
SSENSORISSENSORIISSENSORFront Interior Lamp
SIDEMEMBSSIDEMEMBSSSIDEMEMBFRAMESWITCHSSWITCHSSWITCHIntrusion Sensor
SWITCHSSWITCHSSSWITCHExterior Mirror Control Switch
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDWHEELARCH
GROUNDGGROUNDGGGROUNDROCKER PANEL 2
419-01-3 Anti-Theft Alarm System—LHD 4WD/LHD FWD, Vehicles With: Anti-Theft Alarm Horn with Integral Battery
2011.0 Kuga (G1226094)
BACK TO CHAPTER INDEX TO MODEL INDEXFORD KUGA 2011.0MY WIRING DIAGRAMS