2011 AUDI S3 ABS

•--=S~a ~f ~e ~t ,z.Y ...: b~ e~lt ~ s~ --------------------------------------------
Safety belts protect
People think it's possible to use the hands to brace the
body in a minor collision . It's simply n ot true!
F ig . 1 30 Driv er is
c o rr ect ly res trai ned i n
a su dden bra kin g
m ane uver
Safety belts used prope rly can make a big difference. Safety belts
help to keep passengers in their sea ts, gradually reduce energy leve ls
applied to the body in an accident, and help prevent the uncontrolled
movement that can cause serious injuries . In add it io n, safety bel ts
red uce the danger of be ing t hrown out of the vehicle.
Sa fety be lts attach passengers to the car and give them the benefit of
being slowed down mo re gently or "softly" through the "give" i n the
safety belts, crush zones and other safety features engineered into
t oday 's vehicle s. By "absorb ing" the kine tic e nergy over a lo nger
period of time, the safety belts make the forces on the body more
"tolerable" and less likely to ca use inju ry.
Although these examples are based on a frontal collision, safety belts can a lso s ubstantially red uce the risk of i nju ry in other kinds of
cr ashes . So, whet he r you're on a long trip or just going to the corner
store, always b uckle up and make sure others do , too. Accident statis­
t ic s show that vehi cle occupan ts properly wea ring safety belts have a
lower risk of being injured and a much better chance of surviv ing an
a cc iden t. Properly usi ng s afe ty belts also greatly in cre ases the ability
of the supp lemental airbags to do their job in a collision. For this
reaso n, wea ring a sa fety belt is lega lly req uired in mos t countries
including much of the Un ited States and Canada . Altho
ugh your Audi is equ ipped with a irbags, you still have to wear
t he s afe ty belts provided. Fron t air bags, for ex ample, are a ctiv ate d
only in some fronta l collisions . T he front a irbags a re not act ivated in
all frontal co llisions, in s ide and rear coll isio ns, in roll overs or in cases
where there is not enough decelerat ion thro ugh impact to the front
of the vehicle . The same goes for the other airbag systems in yo ur
Audi. So, always wea r you r safety be lt and make su re everybody in
your vehicle is proper ly restrained!
Important safety Instructions about safety
belts
Safety b elts must always be correctly positioned across
the strongest bones of your body.
- Always wear safety belts as illustrated and described in
this chapter.
- Make sure that your safety belts are always ready for use and are not damaged.
& WARNING
Not wea ring safety belts o r wearing them improperly inc reases
the risk of s eriou s personal injury and death . Safety belts can work
only when u sed correctl y.
• Alway s fasten your safety belts correctly bef ore driving off and
make sure all passengers are corre ctly restrained.
• For ma ximum protection , safety belts must alw ays be posi ­
ti oned properly on the body.
• Never strap more than one person , including small children ,
into any belt .
• Never place a safety belt o ver a ch ild sitting on your lap .
• Alway s keep feet in the footwell in front of the seat while the
vehicle is being driven.
~

........ _A_ i_rb _ a_,g,:;._ s_, y'- s_ t_e _m ________________________________________________ _
& WARNING (conti nued)
• Airbag work mo st effectivel y when us ed with p roperly worn
safety belts .
• Therefore, always wear your safety belts and make sure that
everybody in your veh icle is properly restrained .
& WARNING
A person on the front passenger seat , especially infants and small
c hildren, will receive seriou s injuries and can even be killed by
being too close to the a irbag when it inflates.
• Although the Advanced Airbag System in your vehicle is
designed to turn off the front passenger a irbag if an infant or a
small child is on the front passenger seat, nobody can absolutely
guarantee that deployment under these special conditions is
impossible in all conceivable situations that may happen during
the useful life of your vehicle.
• The Advanced Airbag System can deploy in a ccordance with the
" low risk" option under the U.S. Federal Standard if a child that is
hea vier than the t ypical one-year old child is on the front
passeng er seat and the other condition s for airbag deployment
are met.
• Accident statistics have shown that children are generally safer
in the rear seat area than in the front seating position .
• For their own safety, all children , especially 12 years and
younger, should always ride in the back properly res trained for
their age and size. •
Advanced front airbag system
Your vehicle is equipped with a front Advanced Airbag System in
compliance wit h Unit ed St ates Fe d er al Motor Vehi cle Safe ty Standar d
208 as applicab le at the time your vehicle was manufactured . The front Advanced A
irbag System supplements the safety belts to
prov ide ad ditional prote ct ion for th e d river's and front passenger's
heads and uppe r bodies in fro nta l crashes. The ai rbags i nflate only in
fronta l impacts when the vehicle dece leration is high enoug h.
Th e front Adva nced A irbag Sys tem for the fron t seat oc cupan ts is not
a s ubstitute for your safety be lts. Rathe r, it is part o f the overall occu­
p an t restr aint sy stem in y our ve hicl e. Always remembe r that the
airbag system ca n only help to protect you, if you are sitting upr ight,
we aring your sa fe ty be lt and we aring it prope rly. T his is why you and
your passengers must always be properly restra ined, not just because
t he law requires you to be.
Th e A dvan ced A irbag Syst em in your veh icle has been c ertified to
meet the "low r isk" req uir ements fo r 3 an d 6 year-old c hildren on the
pas senge r side and ve ry small ad ults o n the dr ive r side. T he low r is k
dep loyment cr iteria a re intended to help reduce the risk of injury
t hroug h in teraction wi th the front a irbag tha t can oc cur, fo r ex am ple,
by being too close to the steering wheel and instrument panel whe n
t he air bag i nflates .
In add it ion , the system has been cert ified to comply with t he
"supp ression" requirements of the Safety Standa rd, to t urn off the
front airbag for infants 12 mont hs old and young er w ho are
restrained on the front passenger seat in child restra ints that are
listed in the Standard=>
pag e 169 .
"Suppression" requires the front airbag on the passenger side to be
tur ned off if :
• a ch ild up to about one yea r of age is restra ined on the fron t
passenge r seat in one o f th e rear -facing or forward- facing infant
restraints listed in Federa l Motor Vehicle Saf ety St andar d 208 w it h
w hich the Advanced A irbag System in yo ur vehicle was ce rtif ied. Fo r a
lis ting of the chil d res trai nt s t hat were u sed to certify your vehicle' s
compliance with the US Safety Standard =>
page 169,
• weigh t less t han a thres ho ld level stored in the cont ro l un it is
detected on the front passenger seat.
W hen a perso n is de te cte d on t he fro nt pas senger se at, weigh ing
more than the tota l weight of a child that is about 1 year o ld

Airbag system -----------------=--=---
re stra ined in o ne of th e re a r-f acing or forward-fac ing inf ant
res traints (listed in F ed era l M oto r V ehicl e Sa fe ty Stand ard 2 08 wi th
w hich t he Adva nced Ai rbag System in your ve hicle was c ert ifi ed), th e
front a irbag on the passen ge r side may o r may not dep loy.
Th e
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF ligh t com es on whe n the ele ctronic
cont rol u nit detects a tota l wei ght on t he front passenger seat that
re qui res th e fr ont a irbag to b e turned off.
If the PASSENGER AIR
BAG OFF
lig ht does not come on, the fro nt airbag o n the passenger
s ide has not bee n turned off by th e c ontro l un it an d can d ep loy i f the
cont rol unit senses an impact that meets t he conditions stored in its
memory.
I f th e tota l w eight on th e fro nt passenger sea t is mor e t han that of a
ty pical
1 yea r-o ld, but less tha n th e weight of a sma ll adult, t he front
a ir bag o n the pa ssenge r si de m ay de ploy (t he
PASSENGER AIR BAG
OFF
lig ht does not come on).
For example, the airbag may deploy if:
• a small child tha t is heav ier th an a typi cal 1 year-old child is on the
front passenger seat (regard less of whet he r the c hild is in o ne o f th e
c hild safe ty seats listed~
pag e 169),
• a child who has outgrown child rest raints is on the front passenger
seat .
If the front passe nger a irbag is turned off, the
PASSENGER AIR BAG
OFF
ligh t in the center of the i nstru me nt pan el will co m e on an d sta y
on .
Th e f ront a irba g on the passenger side may
not dep loy (the
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF li ght does no t illum inate and s tay lit) if:
• a small adult or teenager is on the front passenger seat
• a pass enger w ho is no t si tting upri ght w it h t heir ba ck again st a
non-recline d backrest with their feet on t he vehicle floo r in front of
t he seat i s on the fro nt pa ssenge r seat .
If the fro nt passenger airbag deploys, the Federa l Standard req uires
t he a irbag to mee t the " low r is k" deployme nt crit er ia to hel p r educe
the risk of injury through interaction with t he a irbag. "Low r isk"
Controls and equip­
ment Safety first Vehicle operation
dep
loyme nt occ urs in those c rashes that ta ke place at lowe r decele r­
at ions as de fined in t he ele ct roni c cont rol uni t~
page 15 6.
Always remember: Even t hough your veh icle is equip ped with
Advanced Airbags, t he sa fest place for children is properly restraine d
on the ba ck sea t. Ple ase be sure to rea d the impor tant in forma tion i n
t he sections that follow and be su re to heed all of the WAR NINGS .
& WARNING
To reduce the risk of injury when an airbag inflates, always wear
safety belts properly .
• If you are unrestrained, leaning forward, sitting sideways or
out of position in any way, your risk of injury is much higher .
• You will also receive serious injurie s and could even be killed if
you are up against the airbag or too close to it when it inflates -
even with an Advanced Airbag~
page 145.
& WARNING
A child in a rearward-facing child safety seat installed on the front
passenger seat will be seriously injured and can be killed if the
front airbag inflates -even with an Advanced Airbag System .
• Although the Advanced Airbag System in your vehicle is
designed to turn off the front airbag when a rearward-facing child
restraint has been installed on the front passenger seat, nobody
can absolutely guarantee that deployment is impossible in all
conceivable situations that may happen during the useful life of
your vehicle .
• The inflating airbag will hit the child safety seat or infant
c arrier with great force and will smash the child safety seat and
child against the backrest, center armrest , door, or roof.
• Always install rearward-facing child restraints in the back seat.
• If you must install a rearward facing child safety seat on the
front passenger seat because of exceptional circumstances and the PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF light does not come on and stay on , _,.
Vehicle care Do-it-yourself service Technical data

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& WARNING (conti nued)
• Always make sure that the side a irbag can inflate without
interference :
- Never in stall seat covers or replacement uphol stery over the
front seatbacks that have not been specifically approved by
Audi .
- Never use addit ional se at cushions that cover the areas
where the side ai rbags inflate.
- Damage to the or iginal seat covers or to the seam in the area
of the side airbag module must always be repaired immedi­
ately by an author ized Audi dealer.
• The airbag system can be activated only on ce. After an airbag
has inflated, it must be replaced by an authorized Audi dealer or
qualified technician who has the techni cal information, t raining
and special equipment necessary.
• The airbag sy stem can be deploy ed only once. After an airbag
has been dep loyed , it must be replaced with new replacement
parts designed and approved e specially for your Audi model
version. Replacement of complete airbag systems or a irbag
components must be performed by qualified workshops onl y.
Make sure that any airbag service action is entered in your Audi
Warranty
& Maintenance booklet under AIRBAG REPLACEMENT
RECORD .a
Other things that can affect Advanced
Airbag performance
Changing the ve hicle's suspension system can change the way that
t he A dvan ced Airbag Sys tem pe rfo rms in a crash . For examp le, using
tire -rim combinations not approved by Audi, lower ing t he veh icle,
c hang ing the st iffness o f th e suspens ion, including the sp rings,
suspension str uts , shoc k absorbers etc . ca n change the forces tha t
are meas ured by the a irbag sensors and sent to the electronic control
unit. Some suspension changes ca n, for examp le, increase the force levels measured by the senso
rs and make the airbag system deploy in
c ra shes in w hich i t wo uld not deploy if the ch an g es h ad not b een
made . Other ki nds of changes may reduce the force levels meas ured
by the sensors an d prevent the airbag from dep loying when it should .
Th e sensors in t he safety bel t buckle for the drive r and fro nt
passenger seat tell the e lectronic control mo dule if the sa fety belt is
la tch ed o r not. If the safety belt is being u sed, t he fron t airbag w ill
dep loy at a sl ightly h igher rate of vehicle deceleration than if the
s afety belt is not be ing use d. T herefo re, in a pa rticular collis io n, it is
possible that an a irbag w ill not deploy at a seati ng position where the
sa fety belt is being used but w ill inflate at the posit ion where the
safety belt is not be ing used . It is importa nt that nothi ng inte rfere
w ith the safety belt buck les so that t he sensors can send the co rrect
info rmation abou t safety b elt use to t he electron ic co ntro l unit .
& WARNING
Changing the vehicle 's suspension including use of unapproved
tire-rim combinations can change Advanced Airbag performance and increase the risk of serious personal injury in a crash .
• Never install suspension components that do not have the
same performance characteristics as the components originally
installed on your vehicle.
• Never use tire-rim combinations that have not been approved
by Audi.
& WARNING
Item s stored between the safety belt buckle and the center
console can cause the sensors in the buckle to send the wrong
information to the electroni c control module and prevent the
Advanced Airbag System from work ing properly.
• Always make sure that nothing can interfere with the safety
belt buckles and that they are not obstructed . ..,

____ C_ h_ i _l_d _S_ a_f _e _ty ~ --------------------------------------------
- A lways make sure that the chi ld can properly wear the lap
po rtio n of the belt low across t he th ig hs o r pelvis a nd
never over the stomach o r abdome n.
Ch ild ren up t o at le ast 8 years old (over 40 lbs or 18 kg) are best
protected in child safety seats des igned for their age and we ight.
Expe rts say t hat the ske letal structure, par tic ul arly the pelvis, of
these ch ildren is not fully developed, a nd they must not use the
vehicle safety belts w it h out a suitable c hild rest raint.
It is usually best to pu t these ch ildren in app ropria te booster seats.
Be sure the booster seat meets all appl icable safety standards.
Booste r seats r aise the se ating posi tion of the child and reposi tion
both the lap and sho ulder parts of the safety belt so t hat they pass
across the c hild 's body i n the rig ht places . The ro uting of the be lt ove r
t he c hild 's body is ve ry i mp ort an t fo r th e ch ild's p rot ection, wh eth er
or not a booster seat is used . Children age 1 2 and under m ust a lways
r ide in t he re a r se at.
Chi ldren who are at least 4 ft . 9 in. (57 inc hes/1. 45 meters) tall can
gene rally use t he ve hicl e's th ree poi nt la p and sho uld er bel ts. N ever
use t he lap belt port ion of the vehicle 's safety belt alone to restra in
a ny chi ld , re gar dless o f how big t he ch ild i s. Always remem ber that
childr en do no t have the pronounced pelvic s tru ctur e required for the
pr op er f unc tion of lap belt port io n of the vehi cle's t hree poin t lap and
shoulder b elts. Th e chi ld's saf ety absolu tely r equir es tha t a lap belt
portion of the safety be lt be fastened snugly and as low as possible
arou nd the pelvis. Never l et t he lap bel t port ion of the safety b elt
pass over the child's stomach o r abdome n.
I n a cra sh, air bag s must inflat e withi n a bli nk of an eye a nd wi th
cons iderable fo rce. In o rder to do its job, the airbag needs room to
in flat e so t hat it will b e the re to p rotect th e occupa nt a s th e occu pan t
mov es forward into t he a irbag.
A vehi cle occ upant who is out of position and too close to the a irba g
ge ts in the w ay of an inf latin g air bag. Whe n an o ccup ant is too clos e,
he or s he will be struck violently and will rece ive s erio us or poss ibly
eve n fata l in jury. I
n order for the airbag to offe r protect ion, it is impo rta nt t hat all
ve hicle occupant s, especiall y any childr en , wh o must b e in t he front
sea t beca use of exc eptiona l circu mstances, be pro per ly r estra ined
and as far away from t he a irba g as possib le . By keep ing room
b etween t he child's body and the front o f the passenger co mpart­
ment , th e a irba g can inflate completely an d prov ide sup plemental
pr ote ction in ce rt ain fro ntal coll isions.
& WARNING
Not using a booster seat, using the booster seat improperly, incor­
rectly installing a booster seat or using the vehicle safety belt
improperly increases the risk of serious personal injury and death
in a collision or other emergency situation. To help reduce the risk
of seriou s personal injury and/or death:
• Always make sure to position the shoulder portion of the three­
point belt over the middle of child 's shoulder.
• Never let the shoulder portion of the belt rest against or acros s
the neck, face, chin, or throat of the child.
• Always make sure the lap belt portion of the three-point belt is
worn snug and passes as low as possible across the child's pelvis.
Never let the belt pass over the soft abdomen.
• Failure to properly route safety belts over a child's body will
cause severe injuries in an accident or other emergency situation
~ page 135 .
• The rear side of the booster seat should be positioned as close
as possible to the backrest on the vehicle seat. Adjust or remove
the rear seat head restraint if it is difficult to install the child seat
with the head restraint in place
~ page 78 . Install the head
restraint again immediately once the child seat i s removed.
Driving without head restraints or with head restraints that are
not properly adjusted increases the risk of serious or fatal neck
injury dramatically.
• Children on the front seat of any car, even with Advanced
Airbags, can be seriously injured or even killed when an airbag
inflates.

Intelligent technology
'-----------------------------------------------
Intelligent technology
Notice about data recorded by
vehicle control modules
Your vehicle is not equipped with an Event Data Recorder (EDR),
installed by some manufacturers for the express purpose of
capturing data for retrieva l after an accident or crash event. ED R's are
sometimes called "crash recorders".
Some state laws restrict the retrieval or downloading of data stored
by ED R's that were installed in a vehicle for the express purpose of
retrieving data after an accident or crash event without the owner's
consent.
Although your vehicle is not equipped with an EDR, it is equipped w ith
a number of electronic control modu les for various vehicle systems
such as, for example, engine function, emission control, as well as for
the airbags and safety belts.
T hese electronic contro l modules also record vehicle-re lated data
during normal vehicle operation for diagnostic and repair purposes .
Th e recording capacity of the e lectronic control modu les is limited to
data (no sound is recorded) and only a sma ll amount of data is actu­
ally recorded over a very limited period of time and stored when a
system fault or other condition is sensed by a control unit. Some of
the data then stored may relate to vehicle speed, direction, braking
as well as restraint system use and performance in the event of a
crash or other condition. Stored data can only be read and down­
loaded with special equipment.
Electronic Stabilization Program
(ESP)
General
The Electronic Stability Program increases driving
stability .
With ESP, contro l over the vehicle is increased in situations when the
vehicle is close to the limits of grip, such as dur ing accelerat ion and in
curves. ESP reduces the risk of sk idding and improves vehicle stability
unde r all road conditions.
It operates at all speeds.
The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS), Electronic Differential Lock (EDS) and Anti-Slip Regulation System (ASR) are integrated in the Elec­
tronic Stability Program .
How ESP works
The ESP control unit processes the following data from high-sensitive
sensors: the rotationa l speed of the vehicle about its vertical axis,
fore-and -aft and lateral acceleration forces, brake pressure and
steering angle .
Us ing stee ring ang le and vehicle speed, the direction the driver
wishes to travel is determined and continuously compared with
actual vehicle behavior. If the two do not match, for example when
the vehicle beg ins to skid, ESP brakes the appropriate whee l auto­
matically.
The vehicle is stabilized aga in by the forces act ing on the whee l
during braking. With an oversteering veh icle (tendency for the rear
end to skid out of the curve), the brake app lication is mainly at the
front wheel on the outside of the curve, with an understeering vehicle
(tendency to run wide in the curve) at the rear wheel on the insid e of
the curve or additionally at the other wheels as needed. This brake
application is accompanied by noises. _,

_________________________________________ I_ n_ t_ e_ ll_,igent technology ,__E~-
ESP works in co njunction w ith ABS~ page 192 . If there is malfunc­
t ion in the ABS, ESP is also inoperat ive.
& WARNING
• The limit s of phy sics cannot be su spended by ESP. Even in vehi­
cles with ESP, you should always adapt your driving to road and
traffic conditions. Thi s is particularly true on a slippery and wet
road. Do not be tempted by the increased safety provided to take
ri sk s - danger of an a ccident!
• Please note that when ESP / ASR is deact ivated , the drive
wheel s can spin on icy and slippery roads and the vehicle can break
away -danger of skidd ing! •
Switching on and off
Fig. 155 C ente r
con sole w ith ESP
s wit ch
Th e ESP i s automa tically activ ated w hen the eng ine is st arted, and i t
performs a self-test. As soon as the test is comp leted, the system is
in normal operat ing mode .
Deactivating
ES P s hould no rm ally be activate d at all times beca u se this ens ures
optimum veh icle stability. Only in some cases it does make sense to
de activ at e t he Elect roni c Stabili ty Pr ogr am ( ES P) by p ress ing the
button~ fig. 155. Deact ivat io n i s indicated by the ESP lamp
J! in the
Controls and equip­
ment Safety first
Vehicle operation
instrument cluster flashes . The message ESP OFF appears in the
ins trument cl uste r. Ant i-Slip Regula tion is comp le tely deact iv a te d
and the stab ilizat io n effects from the ESP system are lim ited. This
ma kes a more agile and spo rty driving sty le possible, but the full
extent o f th e stabilization function is not available .
Activating
~~~= Press the [ESP OFF ) button again~ fig. 155 . The ind icator lig ht
goes out . The message
ESP ON appears br iefly in the ins trumen t
cluster disp lay .
& WARNING
You should only switch the ESP off if your driv ing ability and the
traffic situation allow. Please note that when ESP /ASR i s dea cti­
vated, the drive wheels can spin on icy and slippery roads and th e
vehicle can break away -danger of skidding!
[ i ] Tips
If Audi magnetic r ide* is ma lf u nct io ning, the ESP may not sw itch off
or it may switch off automatically . •
Electronic differential lock (EDL}
The ele ctr onic dif ferential lock mo nit ors the rot ational
s p eed of the d rive wheels .
General notes
The elec tron ic differe ntia l lock ( EDL) helps the ca r to sta rt movin g,
acce le ra te and climb a gradient on surfaces provid ing poor or almost
no grip. Without E DL, this would be difficult, if not impossible.
How the system works
Th e E DL operates au tomatically . It mo nitors the rotational s peed of
t he drive wheels on an axle with the he lp of the ABS sensors
~ page 19 2. If a noticeable difference in rotational speed between ..
Vehicle care Do-it-yourself service Technical data

Intelligent technologyL ______________________________________ _
the drive wheels on one axle is detected (e.g . on slippery ground on
one side),
the spinning wheel is braked, thereby transferring power to
the other drive wheel or wheels (all -wheel drive) . This is done up to a
speed of about 60 mph (100 km/h). Noises from the brake system
signal that wheel sp in is being controlled .
Driving off
When driving off, always be sure to keep road conditions in mind as
you accelerate . If one drive wheel spins because it is on a surface with
less grip, gradually increase the pressure on the accelerator pedal
until the car starts to move. The wheel less ab le to transfer power
spms .
Overheating of brakes
To prevent the disc brake of the braked wheel from overheating if
subjected to excessive loads, the EDL cuts out temporarily. The
vehicle remains operat ional and behaves in the same way as a vehicle
without EDL .
As soon as the brake has cooled down, EDL switch es on again auto­
matically.
Electronic limited slip differential*
In vehicles w ith front wheel drive*, an electronic lim ited slip differen­
tial engages when driving on curves. The brakes are applied spec ifi­
cally to the front wheel that is on the inside of the curve. This mini­
m izes sliding on the front wheels and enables precise and neutral
driving through curves. The electronic limited slip differential does
not engage when d riving in wet conditions or snow.
& WARNING
• When accelerating on slippery surfaces, such as on ice or snow,
always be careful when depressing the accelerator pedal. Even
with the EDL and the ele ctronic limited slip differential working,
the drive wheels can spin and reduce your ability to control your
ca r. -Risk of crash!
& WARNING (continued)
• The increased safety afforded by EDL and the electronic limited
slip differential does not mean that you can take safety risks .
Always adapt your driving style to the road conditions and traffic
situation.
[I) Tips
If a fau lt occurs in the ABS, the EDL is also not f unct ioni ng. This is
indicated by the ABS warning light=>
page 16.
Anti-Slip Regulation System (ASR)
The Anti-Slip Regulation System prevents the driven
wheels from spinning when the car is accelerating.
General notes
The Anti-Sl ip Regu lation System (ASR) is integrated in the electronic
stabili zation program (ESP) . When the vehicle starts up and acceler­
ates, the wheels are prevented from sp inning by adjust ing the engine
power to match the amount of grip available from the road surface.
How the system works
ASR performs automatica lly, i.e. without the driver's intervention.
With the aid of the ABS sensors=>
page 192, ASR monitors the speed
of the driven wheels. If the wheels start to spin, the engine torque is
reduced automatically until the tires find enough grip to lock onto
the road surface. The system is active across the entire speed range.
The ASR works in conjunction with the ABS. If a malfunction shou ld
occur in the ABS, the ASR w ill also be out of action .
[I) Tips
To ensure that the ASR works properly, all four wheels must be fitted
with identical tires. Any differences in rolling radius of the tires can .,