Contents
4
Airbag system
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Description of the airbag system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Front airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driver's knee airbag* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Side airbags* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Head airbags* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deactivating an airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transporting children safely
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
What you should know about transporting children!
Child seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching a child seat us ing the “ISOFIX” system .
Attaching child seat using the “Top Tether” system
Driving Tips
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intelligent Technology
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic stability programme (ESP)* . . . . . . . . . .
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brake booster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Antilock brake system (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brake Assist* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uphill Start Assist* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electromechanical power steering . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tyre pressure monitoring system* . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diesel particle filter* (diesel engine) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving and the Environment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The first 1 500 kilometres and then afterwards . .
Catalytic converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in an economical and environmentally
conscious manner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motoring abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Avoiding damage to your vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving through bodies of water on roads . . . . . . .
Towing a trailer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Towing a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Maintenance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taking care of your ve hicle and cleaning the
vehicle
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Care of the exterior of vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Care of the interior of vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refuelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting and replenishing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Windshield washer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wheels and Tyres
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accessories, changes and replacement of partsAccessories and replacement parts . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicles of category N1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Breakdown assistance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Breakdown assistance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-aid box* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warning triangle* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fire extinguisher* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicle tool kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tyre repair kit* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spare wheel* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing a wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jump-starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tow-starting and towing vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuses and light bulbs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical Data
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical Data
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Used abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Identification details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel consumption according to the ECE standards and
EU guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine oil specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4 ltr./92 kW TSI - EU5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.8 ltr./118 (112) kW TSI - EU5 / EU2 / BS4 . . . . . .
2.0 ltr./147 kW FSI - EU5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.6 ltr./191 kW FSI - EU5 / EU2 / (BS4) . . . . . . . . . .
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD - EU4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5 / (EU4 / BS4) . .
2.0 ltr./125 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
170170171173174176178180180182185186187187187189190191191192192192193195195196196199200200201202202
205205205205209212212212213215215217219221222226228228234234234234235235235235235236236236237241242
246246251257257257257257257257258259260262264266268270272274277
s3fg.2.book Page 4 Friday, April 30, 2010 12:17 PM
Instruments and warning lights
28
Turn signal lights (to the left) page 29
Turn signal lights (to the right) page 29
Fog lights page 29
Main beam light page 29
Low beam light page 29
Rear fog light page 29
Cruise control system* page 29
Failure of the light bulbs page 29
Adaptive headlights* page 29
Diesel particle filter* (diesel engine) page 30
Airbag system page 30
Control system for exhaust page 30
Electromechanical power steering
Steering lock (KESSY system)*
page 31
Engine oil pressure page 31
EPC fault light (petrol engine) page 32
Glow plug system (diesel engine) page 32
Coolant temperature/coolant level page 32
Tra c t i o n c o n t r o l s y s t e m ( TC S ) page 33
Electronic stability programme (ESP)* page 33
Switch off traction control system (TCS) page 33
Selector lever lock*
Starting (KESSY system)*
page 33
Tyre pressure* page 34
Antilock brake system (ABS) page 34
Bonnet page 34
Seat belt warning light page 35
Brake pad wear* page 35
Boot lid page 35
Open door page 35
Fluid level in windshield washer system page 35
Brake system page 35
Dynamo page 36
Engine oil level page 31
Fuel reserve page 36
Overheated clutches of the automatic gearbox
DSG*
page 36
s3fg.2.book Page 28 Friday, April 30, 2010 12:17 PM
Taking care of your vehicle and cleaning the vehicle209
Using the system
Safety
Driving Tips
General Maintenance
Breakdown assistance
Technical Data
Underbody protectionThe underside of your vehicle is protected for life against chemical and mechanical
influences.
One cannot, however, completely rule out damage to the protective layer when
driving so we recommend that you inspect the protective layer on the underside of
your vehicle and on the chassis at certain intervals - this is best done at the beginning
and end of the winter - and to touch up any damaged areas.
The authorised Škoda Service Partners have suitable spray products available as well
as the necessary equipment and are familiar with the instructions for use. It is therefore
best to have such touch-up work or additional corrosion protection measures carried
out by an authorised Škoda Service Partner.
WARNING
Never use additional underbody protection or corrosion-protection agents for
the exhaust pipes, catalytic converters, di esel particle filter or heat shields.
When the engine reaches its operating temperature, these substances might
ignite - risk of fire!Protection of hollow spacesAll the cavities of your vehicle which are at risk from corrosion are protected for life by
a layer of protective wax applied in the factory.
This wax protection does not require to be inspected or re-treated. Please remove any
small amount of wax which flows out of the cavities at high temperatures with a plastic
scraper and clean the spot using petroleum cleaner.
WARNING
Safety and environmental pr otection regulations should observed when using
petroleum cleaner to remove wax - a risk of fire!
Engine compartmentGood corrosion protection is very importan t, particularly in winter when one often
drives over its salt-strewn roads. One should therefore clean the whole engine
compartment before and after the salt spreading period and treat with preservative in
order to prevent the salt from being destructive.
The authorised Škoda Service Partners have the cleaning agents and preservatives
recommended by the manufacturer and also the required equipment.
WARNING
It is necessary to observ e the guidelines given in the chapter before working
on the engine compartment page 216, “Working in the engine compart-
ment”.
Let the engine cool down before cleaning the engine compartment.Caution
Engine cleaning may be only be un dertaken when the ignition is off.
It is recommended to cover the generator before washing the engine compart-
ment.For the sake of the environment
The dirty water produced by washing the engine has washed away petrol, and residues
of grease and oil and should therefore be cleaned by an oil separator. This is why
engine washing should only be undertaken in a specialist garage or at a fueling station
(when these are fitted with the required equipment).Care of the interior of vehiclePlastic parts, artificial leather and clothsYou can clean plastic parts and artificial leather with a moist cloth. You should only
treat such parts with special solvent-free plastic cleaning and care products it does
prove to be adequate.
s3fg.2.book Page 209 Friday, April 30, 2010 12:17 PM
Inspecting and replenishing219
Using the system
Safety
Driving Tips
General Maintenance
Breakdown assistance
Technical Data
In view of the problems involved in prop erly disposing of old oil, the necessary
special tools and the knowledge required for such work, we recommend that you have
the oil and oil filter change carried out by an authorised Škoda Service Partner.Note
After your skin has come in contact with th e oil, you must thoroughly wash your skin.Cooling systemCoolant
The job of the coolant is to cool the engine.The cooling system does not require any maintenance under normal operating condi-
tions. The coolant consists of water with a concentration of coolant additive of 40 %.
This mixture not only provides antifreeze protection down to -25°C but also protects
the cooling and heating system from corrosion. It also prevents the formation of scale
and significantly increases the boiling point of the coolant.
You must therefore not reduce the concentration of antifreeze agent in the coolant by
adding water, also not during the summer mo nths or in countries with a warm climate.
The concentration of coolant additive in the coolant must be at least 40%.
You can increase the amount of antifreeze in the coolant if a higher concentration of
antifreeze is necessary for climatic reasons but only up to 60% (antifreeze protection
down to approx. -40°C). The antifreeze prot ection tails off above that concentration.
Vehicles exported to countries with a cold climate (e.g. Sweden, Norway, Finland) are
already factory-filled with a coolant which offers antifreeze protection down to about
-35°C. In these countries the concentration of coolant additive should be at least 50%.
Coolant
The cooling system is factor y-filled with coolant (purple in colour), which complies
with the specification TL-VW 774 G.
We recommend that you use the same coolan t additive - G13 (purple in colour) - for
topping up the system. Please contact an authorised Škoda Serv
ice Partner if you have any questions
regarding the coolant or if you wish to fill up with a different coolant.
An authorised Škoda Service Partner can also supply you with the correct coolant addi-
tives.
Coolant capacity
Caution
Other coolant additives may cause operational problems which, in particular,
involves significantly reduci ng the anticorrosion effect.
Any faults or problems resulting from corrosion may cause a loss of coolant
and, as a consequenc e of this, result in major engine damage.Note
On vehicles which are fitted with an indepe ndent auxiliary heating and ventilation, the
volume of the coolant is greater by approx. 1 ltr.Petrol engines
Content
1.4 ltr./92 kW TSI - EU5
7,7
1.8 ltr./118 kW TSI - EU5
8,6
2.0 ltr./147 kW TSI - EU5
8,6
3.6 ltr./191 kW FSI - EU5
9,0
Diesel engines
Content
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD - EU4
8,4
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR - EU5
8,4
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR - EU5 / EU4 / BS4
8,4
2.0 ltr./125 kW TDI CR - EU5
8,4
s3fg.2.book Page 219 Friday, April 30, 2010 12:17 PM
Technical Data
260
Engine oil specificationsThe engine of your vehicle has been factory-filled with a high-grade oil which you can
use throughout the year - except in extreme climatic regions.
You can mix various oils together with each other when refilling with oil. This does not,
however, apply for models with flexible service intervals (QG1).
Engine oils are, of course, undergoing co ntinuous further development. Thus the
information stated in this Owner's Manual is only correct at the time of publication.
Authorised Škoda Service Partners are inform ed by Škoda Auto about current changes.
This why you should always have engine oi l changed by an authorised Škoda Service
Par tner.
The specifications (VW standards) stated in the following must be indicated separately
or together with other specifications on the bottle.
Engine oil specifications for models with flexible service intervals (QG1) Engine oil specifications for vehicles with fixed service intervals (QG2)
If the oils specified above are not available, oils according to ACEA A3 or ACEA A4 can
be used once for refilling. ACEA A3.
If the oils specified above are not available,
oils according to ACEA B3 or ACEA B4 can
be used once for refilling.
Caution
Only the above-mentioned oils may be used on vehicles with flexible service intervals
(QG1). We recommend always refilling with oi l of the same specification since this will
maintain the properties of the oil. In exce ptional cases, you must top up only once
engine oil complying with Specification VW 50 2 00 (only for petrol engines) or Specifi-
cation VW 505 01 (only for diesel engines) to maximum 0.5 litres. You must not use
other engine oils - risk of engine damage!
Petrol engines
Specification
Content
a)
a)Oil capacity with oil filter change. Inspect oil leve l when filling; do not fill up too much. The oil
level must be between the markings page 217.1.4 ltr./92 kW TSI - EU5
VW 503 00, VW 504 00
3,6
1.8 ltr./118 (112) kW TSI - EU5 / EU2 /
BS4
VW 504 00
4,6
2.0 ltr./147 kW TSI - EU5
VW 504 00
4,6
3.6 ltr./191 kW FSI - EU5 / EU2 / (BS4)
VW 504 00
5,5
Diesel engines
Specification
Content
a)
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD - EU4
VW 506 01, VW 507 00
3,8
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD DPF - EU4
VW 507 00
4,3
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5
VW 507 00
4,3
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR - EU5 / EU4 / BS4
VW 507 00
4,0
2.0 ltr./125 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5
VW 507 00
4,3
Petrol engines
Specification
Content
a)
a)Oil capacity with oil filter change. Inspect oil le vel when filling; do not fill up too much. The oil
level must be between the markings page 217.1.4 ltr./92 kW TSI - EU5
VW 501 01, VW 502 00
3,6
1.8 ltr./118 (112) kW TSI - EU5 / EU2 /
BS4
VW 502 00
4,6
2.0 ltr./147 kW TSI - EU5
VW 502 00
4,6
3.6 ltr./191 kW FSI - EU5 / EU2 / (BS4)
VW 502 00
5,5
Diesel engines
Specification
Content
a)
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD - EU4
VW 505 01
3,8
1.9 ltr./77 kW TDI PD DPF - EU4
VW 507 00
4,3
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5
VW 507 00
4,3
2.0 ltr./103 kW TDI CR - EU5 / EU4 / BS4
VW 507 00
4,0
2.0 ltr./125 kW TDI CR DPF - EU5
VW 507 00
4,3
s3fg.2.book Page 260 Friday, April 30, 2010 12:17 PM
Index
278
Changing the engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Changing wheels around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Charging the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Check engine oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Child safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Side airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Child safety lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Child safety seat on the front passenger seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Child seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Classification into groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
ISOFIX system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Use of child safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Children and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Chrome parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Cigarette lighter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Climatic Air outlet vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Climatronic Defrosting windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Recirculated air mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Climatronic (automat ic air conditioning) . . . . . . 114
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Clothes hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Cockpit General view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Connection to the internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Convenience operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Converting/masking over headlights . . . . . . . . . . 200
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
replenishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Coolant quantity Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Coolant temperature gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Coolant temperature/coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Correct seated position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Counter for distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Cruise control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Cup holder front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Ddaylight driving lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Deactivatingan airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Deactivating an airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Defrosting rear window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Defrosting windscreen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
De-icing rear window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
De-icing the windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
De-icing windscreen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Description of the operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Detachable towing device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Diesel engines
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Diesel particle filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Digital clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Direction indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Door Child safety lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Driving economically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
EEDL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Electric boot lid (Combi) - Description . . . . . . . . . . 45
Electric sliding/tilting roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Electrically adjustable exterior mirror . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Electronic Differential Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Electronic immobiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Electronic stability programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Electronic stability programme (ESP) Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Emergency wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Engine starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
switching off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Engine compartment Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
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