2010 ASTON MARTIN V8 VANTAGE weight

Engine Management System (03.14)
Engine (03.00)
Issue 5, Janauary 2010 Workshop Manual 3-14-3
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
2. Remove rear exhaust silencer (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.00.KA Silencer and Bypass Valve
Assembly - Remove for Access and Refit).
3. Disconnect multiplugs (x2), HEGO sensors.
4. Secure sufficient lengths of string to HEGO sensor multiplugs for assembly purposes.
5. Loosen LH and RH clamp nuts, catalysts to centre pipes.
6. With assistance, manoeuvre exhaust centre pipe assembly rearwards to release from catalysts.
7. Remove nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
8. Release and support weight of LH catalyst from exhaust manifold.
9. Manoeuvre HEGO sensor leads and remove cable tie. Release HEGO sensor leads from behind heat shield.
Remove string from HEGO multiplugs.
10. Remove catalyst assembly.
11. Remove and discard gasket.
12. Remove HEGO sensors from catalyst.
Installation
1. Clean catalyst, mating joint faces and HEGO sensors.
2. Install and tighten HEGO sensor to catalyst.
3. Apply proprietary exhaust se alant around clamp joints.
4. Install new gasket to exhaust manifold.
5. Position catalyst, secure string (x2) to HEGO multiplugs, feed sensor leads behind heat shield. Install catalyst to
exhaust manifold.
6. Instal land tighten nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
7. Align centre pipe assembly to catalyst, tighten clamp
nuts to.
8. Remove string (x2), conne ct multiplugs (x2), HEGO
sensors.
9. Install rear exhaust silencer (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.00.KA Silencer and Bypass Valve
Assembly - Remove for Access and Refit).
10. Lower vehicle on ramp.
Left Side Powertrain Control Module
(PCM) (Coupe Only) - Remove and
Install
Remove
1. Disconnect the ba ttery ground cable.
2. Remove the wheel and tyre. (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 04.04.EC - Wheel and Tyre)
3. Remove the six rear screws that attach the wheel-arch liner to the body.
4. Remove the rear screw that attaches the wheel-arch liner to the body.
5. Turn the steering fully to the right.
6. Move the wheel arch liner to get access to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
7. Disconnect the electrical connector from the direction
indicator.
8. Release the four fi r-tree clips that attach the wiring
harness for the direction indi cator and the screen wash
system.
9. Release the two fir tree clips that attach the wiring harness for the PCM.
10. Remove the three bolts that attach the PCM bottom bracket and PCM to the PCM top bracket.
11. Disconnect the three electrical connectors from the PCM.
12. Remove the PCM.
Install
1. Put the PCM in position.
2. Connect the three electrical connectors to the PCM.
3. Align the PCM to the top bracket.
4. Align the bottom bracket to the PCM.
5. Install and tighten the three bolts that attach the PCM bottom bracket and PCM to the PCM top bracket.
6. Install the two fir tree clips that attach the wiring harness for the PCM.
7. Attach the four fir-tree cl ips that attach the wiring
harness for the direction indi cator and the screen wash
system.
8. Connect the electrical connector to the direction indicator.
9. Put the wheel-arch liner into the correct position.
10. Install and tighten the rear screw that attaches the wheel-arch liner to the body.
11. Install and tighten the six rear screws that attach the wheel-arch liner to the body.
12. Move the steering to the centre position.
13. Connect the battery ground cable.
14. Install the wheel and tyre. (04.04.EC - Wheel and Tyre)
15. Connect AMDS.
16. Use AMDS to do a test of the PCM. (00.06.AD - AMDS Operation Check)
WA R N I N G
THE EXHAUST SYSTEM WILL BE VERY HOT AFTER OPERATION. LET THE EXHAUST SYSTEM COOL
BEFORE YOU DO WORK. IF YOU DO NOT, SEVERE
INJURY CAN OCCUR
Repair Operation Time (ROT)

Road Wheels and Tyres (04.04)
Suspension (04.00)
May 2007 Workshop Manual 4-4-1
Suspension (04.00)
Road Wheels and Tyres (04.04)Specifications
Tyres
The tyres recommended by Aston Martin meet the high
speed performance of this vehi cle. Only tyres of identical
specification may be installed as replacements. Under no
circumstances must cross-ply tyres be installed.
Unique Aston Martin lightweight aluminium alloy road
wheels. The tyres are made exclusively for Aston Martin.
Standard
Wheels
• Front - 8.5J x 18
• Rear - 9.5J x 18
Tyres
• Front - Bridgestone 235/40 ZR 18 (94Y)
Rear - Bridgestone 275/35 ZR 18 (99Y)
Optional
Wheels
• Front - 8.5J x 19
• Rear - 9.5J x 19
Tyres
• Front - Bridgestone 235/40 ZR 19 (92Y)

Road Wheels and Tyres (04.04)
Suspension (04.00)4-4-4 Workshop Manual May 2007
Winter (Snow) tyres
Winter tyres must only be installed in complete four-wheel
sets of the same type. The maximum speed with winter tyres
installed (without snow chains) is 210 km/h (131 mile/h) for
H rated tyres or 240 km/h (149 mile/h) for V rated tyres.
When using snow chains, note that:
• Snow chains must only be installed to the rear wheels
• Only Aston Martin snow chains should be used
• Snow chains must not be used on roads which are clear of snow
• The maximum speed with winter tyres and snow chains fitted is 48 km/h (30 mile/h)
• Traction control must be switched Off when using snow chains
Recommended Winter Wheel and Tyre
Combination
Unique Aston Martin lightweight aluminium alloy road
wheels.
Wheels
• Front - 8.5J x 18
• Rear - 9.5J x 18
Tyres
Pirelli 240 Snowsport
• Front - 225/45 R18 (95V)

Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Exhaust (09.00)
Issue 5, January 2010 Workshop Manual 9-1-3
Exhaust (09.00)
Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Variable Flow Silencer Assembly
The rear silencer assembly has a variable fl ow path controlled by two bypass valves.
The system is intended to enhance top end performance in mo tor sport applications and will not operate in most normal
driving conditions.
By directing exhaust gasses through a modified path at high vehicle speeds, exhaust back pressure is reduced and top end
performance is enhanced.
As engine speed increase from idle, the bypass valve is open until the engine speed is 1500 rpm.
From 1500 rpm to 3000 rpm, the valve is closed
Above 3000 rpm the bypass valves state is load dependent (fully open at higher loads).
Maintenance
LH Catalyst & Pipe Assembly-Renew
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
2. Remove rear exhaust silencer (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.00.KA Muffler & Bypass Valve
Assembly - Remove for Access & Refit).
3. Disconnect multiplugs (x2), HEGO sensors.
4. Release sensor lead from clip on heatshield.
5. Secure sufficient lengths of string to HEGO sensor multiplugs for assembly purposes.
6. Loosen LH and RH clamp nuts , catalysts to centre pipe.
7. Remove nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
8. With assistance, manoeuvre exhaust centre pipe assembly rearwards to release from catalysts.
9. With assistance, release and support weight of LH catalyst from exhaust manifold.
10. Manoeuvre HEGO sensor le ads and remove cable tie.
Release HEGO sensor leads from behind heat shield.
Secure cable tie. Remove string from HEGO multiplugs.
11. Remove catalyst assembly.
12. Remove and discard gasket. 13. Remove HEGO sensor
s (x2) from catalyst.
Installation
1. Clean catalyst, mating joint faces and HEGO sensors..
2. Install and tighten HEGO sensors (x2) to catalyst.
3. Apply proprietary exhaust se alant around pipe joints.
4. Install new gasket to exhaust manifold flange.
5. With assistance, position cata lyst, secure string (x2) to
HEGO multiplugs, feed sensor leads behind heat shield.
Install catalyst to exhaust manifold.
6. Install and torque tighten nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
7. Align centre pipe asembly to catalyst, torque tighten
clamp nuts.
8. Remove string (x2), conne ct multiplugs (x2), HEGO
sensors.
9. Secure sensor lead in clip on heatshield.
10. Install rear exhaust silencer (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.00.KA Muffler & Bypass Valve Assembly -
Remove for Access & Refit).
11. Lower vehicle on ramp.
RH Catalyst & Pipe Assembly-Renew
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
Repair Operation Time (ROT)

Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Exhaust (09.00)9-1-4 Workshop Manual Issue 5, January 2010
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
2. Remove rear exhaust silencer (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.00.KA Muffler & Bypass Valve
Assembly - Remove for Access & Refit).
3. Disconnect multiplugs (x2), HEGO sensors.
4. Release sensor lead from clip on heatshield.
5. Secure sufficient lengths of string to HEGO sensor multiplugs for assembly purposes.
6. Loosen LH and RH clamp nuts , catalysts to centre pipe.
7. With assistance, manoeuvre exhaust centre pipe assembly rearwards to release from catalysts.
8. Remove nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
9. With assistance, release and support weight of RH catalyst from exhaust manifold.
10. Manoeuvre HEGO sensor leads and remove cable tie. Release HEGO sensor leads from behind heat shield.
Remove string from HEGO multiplugs.
11. Remove catalyst assembly.
12. Remove and discard gasket.
13. Remove HEGO sensors (x2) from catalyst.
Installation
1. Clean catalyst, mating joint faces and HEGO sensors..
2. Install and tighten HEGO sensors (x2) to catalyst.
3. Apply proprietary exhaust sealant around pipe joints.
4. Install new gasket to exhaust manifold flange.
5. With assistance, position catal yst, secure string (x2) to
HEGO multiplugs, feed sensor leads behind heat shield.
Secue cable tie. Install catalyst to exhaust manifold.
6. Install and torque tighten nuts (x3), catalyst to exhaust manifold.
7. Align centre pipe asembly to catalyst, torque tighten
clamp nuts.
8. Remove string (x2), connect multiplugs (x2), HEGO sensors.
9. Secure sensor lead in clip on heatshield.
10. Install rear exhaus t silencer (refer to Workshop Manual
procedure 09.00.KA Muffler & Bypass Valve Assembly -
Remove for Access & Refit).
11. Lower vehicle on ramp.
LH Exhaust Manifold-Renew-Roadster
Only
Removal
1. Disconnect vehicle battery.
2. Raise vehicle on ramp. 3. Remove heatshield deflec
tor, front floor (refer to
Workshop Manual procedure 09.04.AA Heatshield -
Front Floor - Renew).
4. Remove LH front wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.FB Wheel Arch Liner - Front -
LH - Renew).
5. Remove nuts (x8), securing manifold to cylinder head.
6. Remove exhaust manifold, remove and discard gasket.
Installation
1. Clean manifold and mating face on engine. Install new gasket to engine.
2. Install manfold to engine.
3. Install nuts (x8) securing manifold to cylinder head
(torque).
4. Install LH front wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.FB Wheel Arch Liner - Front -
LH - Renew).
5. Install heatshield deflector, front floor (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.04.AA Heatshield -
Front Floor - Renew).
6. Lower vehicle on ramp.
7. Connect vehicle battery.
Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen (HEGO)
Sensor - Remove and Install
Removal
1. Raise the vehicle and make it safe.
2. Release the two electrical connnectors for the Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen (HEGO) sensor from the bracket.
3. Disconnect the two electrical connnectors from the HEGO sensor.
4. Move the two wiring harnesses for the HEGO sensor away.
5. Remove the two bolts that attach the bracket to the engine.
6. Remove the bracket.
7. Remove the two bolts that attach the heat shield to the torque tube.
8. Move the heat shield away.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
ItemCode
Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen (HEGO)
Sensor - Remove and Install 09.00.DB
WAR NI NG
THE EXHAUST SYSTEM WILL BE VERY HOT AFTER
OPERATION. LET THE EXHA UST COOL BEFORE YOU
DO WORK. IF YOU DO NO T, PESONAL INJURY CAN
OCCUR.

Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Exhaust (09.00)
Issue 5, January 2010 Workshop Manual 9-1-5
9. Release the two wiring harn esses for the HEGO sensor
from the clip on the heat shield.
10. Release the HEGO sensor from the catalytic converter.
11. Install an applicable length of string to the wiring harness and the electrical connector for the HEGO sensor.
12. Use the string to put the wiring harness for the HEGO
sensor behind the heat shield.
13. Release the string from the electrical connector for the HEGO sensor.
14. Remove the HEGO sensor.
15. Clean the component mating faces.
Install
1. Put the HEGO sensor into position.
2. Attach an applicable length of string to the wiring harness for the HEGO sensor.
3. Use the string to put the wiring harness for the HEGO
sensor behind the heat shield.
4. Remove and discard the string.
5. Install the HEGO sensor into the catalytic converter.
6. Tighten the HEGO sensor.
7. Put the heat shield into position.
8. Install and tighten the two bolts that attach the heat shield to the torque tube.
9. Install the two wiring harnesses for the HEGO sensor into the clip on the heat shield.
10. Put the bracket into position.
11. Install and tighten the two bolts that attach the bracket to the engine.
12. Connect the two electrical connnectors to the HEGO
sensor.
13. Install the two electrical connnectors for the HEGO sensor into the bracket.
Silencer and Bypass Valve Assembly-
Remove for Access/Refit-Coupe Only
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
2. Remove rear undertray (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.PB Undertray - Rear - Renew). 3. Remove Allen bolts (x4), bumper diffuser to mounting
brackets. Remove diffuser, collect securing brackets.
4. Disconnect both by-p ass valve vacuum lines.
5. Remove bolts (x4), rear exhaust pipes to silencer. Collect springs from bolts.
6. Remove bolts (x4), securing LH and RH silencer rear hanger brackets to body.
7. Remove bolts (x4), silencer front mountings to subframe.
8. Position suitable lifter to support weight of silencer. With assistance, remove silencer.
9. Remove both rear rubber mountings and hanger brackets from silencer.
Installation
1. Clean muffler and mating faces on rear pipes.
2. Position silencer on lifter. Install silencer, position rear
hangers, install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
3. Position front mountings to subframe, install and torque
tighten bolts (x4).
4. Align silencer to rear pipes, install springs (x4), install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
5. Check silencer to rear pipes for correct alignment and clearances.
6. Connect lines to both by-pass vacuum valves.
7. Position mounting brackets, install rear bumper diffuser. Install and tighten Allen bolts.
8. Install rear undertray (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.PB Undertray - Rear - Renew).
9. Lower vehicle on ramp.
Silencer and Bypass Valve Assembly-
Remove for Access/Refit-Roadster Only
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
CAUTION
Turn the electrical harness for the HEGO sensor when
you remove the sensor in the step that follows. If you do not, the harness can be damaged.
CAUTION
Turn the electrical harness for the HEGO sensor when
you remove the sensor in the step that follows. If you do not, the harness can be damaged.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
WA R N I N G
THE EXHAUST SYSTEM WILL BE VERY HOT AFTER
OPERATION. LET THE EXHAUST COOL BEFORE YOU DO WORK. IF YOU DO NO T, PESONAL INJURY CAN
OCCUR.
WA R N I N G
GET THE AID OF ONE MORE PERSON WHEN YOU
REMOVE THE REAR EXHAUST SILENCER.
THE SILENCER IS HEAVY .
WA R N I N G
GET THE AID OF ONE MORE PERSON WHEN YOU INSTALL THE REAR EXHAUST SILENCER.
THE SILENCER IS HEAVY .
Ensure correct alignment of exhaust pipes and silencer before tightening of fixing clamps.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)

Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Exhaust (09.00)9-1-6 Workshop Manual Issue 5, January 2010
2. Clean silencer and mating faces on rear pipes.
3. Remove Rear RH wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.HB Wheel Arch Liner - Rear -
RH - Renew).
4. Remove rear undertray (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.PB Undertray - Rear - Renew).
5. Apply a proprietary exhaust sealant around all clamp joints
6. Remove Allen bolts (x2), loosen Allen bolts (x2), bumper diffuser to mounting brackets and remove diffuser.
7. Position silencer on lifter.
8. Install silencer, position rear hangers to body, install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
9. Remove Rear LH wheel arch liner.
10. Disconnect both by-pass valve vacuum lines.
11. Remove Allen bolts (x2), loosen Allen bolts (x2), bumper diffuser to mounting brackets and Remove diffuser.
12. Position front mountings to subframe, install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
13. Loosen clamp nuts (x2), remove stub pipes (x2).
14. Disconnect both by-pass valve vacuum lines.
15. Align silencer to rear pipes, install springs onto bolts (x4), install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
16. Remove bolts (x4), rear exha ust pipes to silencer. Collect
springs from bolts.
17. Loosen clamp nuts (x2), remove stub pipes (x2).
18. Install stub pipes (x2), centralise stub pipes to exhaust trim finisher. Torque ti ghten clamp nuts (x2).
19. Remove bolts (x4), securing LH and RH silencer rear
hanger brackets to body.
20. Remove bolts (x4), rear exhaust pipes to silencer and collect springs from bolts.
21. Check silencer to rear pipes for correct alignment and clearances.
22. Remove bolts (x4), silencer front mountings to subframe.
23. Remove bolts (x4), securing LH and RH silencer rear
hanger brackets to body.
24. Connect lines to both by-pass vacuum valves.
25. Position suitable lifter to support weight of silencer.
With assistance, remove silencer.
26. Remove bolts (x4), silencer front mountings to subframe.
27. Install rear bumper diffuser and install and tighten Allen
bolts (x4).
28. Install Rear RH wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.HB Wheel Arch Liner - Rear -
RH - Renew).
Installation
1. Position suitable lifter to su pport weight of silencer. With
assistance, remove silencer.
2. Clean silencer and mating faces on rear pipes.
3. Install Rear LH wheel arch liner.
4. Apply a proprietary exhaust sealant around all clamp joints 5. Lower vehicle on ramp.
6. Position silencer on lifter. Install silencer, position rear
hangers to body, install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
7. Position front mountings to subframe, install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
8. Align silencer to rear pipes, install springs onto bolts (x4), install and torque tighten bolts (x4).
9. Install stub pipes (x2), centralise stub pipes to exhaust trim finisher and torque tighten clamp nuts (x2).
10. Check silencer to rear pipes for correct alignment and clearances.
11. Connect lines to both by-pass vacuum valves.
12. Install rear bumper diffuser and install and tighten Allen bolts (x4).
13. Install rear undertray (r efer to Workshop Manual
procedure 01.02.PB Undertray - Rear - Renew).
14. Lower vehicle on ramp.
Silencer and Bypass Valve Assembly-
Renew
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp.
2. Coupe Only - Remove rear undertray (refer to
Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.PB Undertray -
Rear - Renew).
3. Roadster Only - Remove RH rear wheel arch liner (refer
to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.HB Wheel Arch
Liner - Rear - RH - Renew).
4. Roadster Only - Remove LH rear wheel arch liner.
5. Remove Allen bolts (x2, loosen Allen bolts (x2), securing bumper diffuser to mounting brackets. Remove diffuser.
6. Disconnect both by-pass valve vacuum lines.
7. Loosen clamp nuts (x2), remove stub pipes (x2).
8. Remove bolts (x4), rear exha ust pipes to silencer. Collect
springs from bolts.
9. Remove bolts (x4), securing LH and RH silencer rear
hanger brackets to body.
10. Remove bolts (x4), muffler front mountings to subframe. Remove mountings from silencer.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
ItemCode
Silencer and Bypass Valve Assembly-
Renew 09.00.KB
WAR NI NG
THE EXHAUST SYSTEM WILL BE VERY HOT AFTER
OPERATION. LET THE EXHA UST COOL BEFORE YOU
DO WORK. IF YOU DO NO T, PESONAL INJURY CAN
OCCUR.
WAR NI NG
GET THE AID OF ONE MORE PERSON WHEN YOU
REMOVE THE REAR EXHAUST SILENCER.
THE SILENCER IS HEAVY .

Silencer Assembly (09.01)
Exhaust (09.00)
Issue 5, January 2010 Workshop Manual 9-1-7
11. Position suitable lifter to support weight of silencer.
With assistance, remove silencer.
12. Remove both rear rubber mountings and hanger brackets from silencer.
Installation
1. Clean silencer and mating faces on rear pipes and stub pipes.
2. Install both rear rubber mountings and hanger brackets to silencer.
3. Position silencer on lifter . Install silencer, position
hangers, install and tighten bolts (x4).
4. Install front mountings to silencer, install and tighten bolts (x4).
5. Align silencer to rear pipes. Install springs (x4), and torque tighten bolts (x4).
6. Install and align stub pipes (x2) to silencer and trims in bumper. Align and tighten clamp bolts.
7. Check silencer to rear pipes for correct alignment and clearances.
8. Install stub pipes (x2), insta ll clamps (x2), centralise stub
pipes to exhaust trim finisher, torque tighten clamp nuts
(x2).
9. Check silencer to rear pipes for correct alignment and clearances.
10. Connect lines to both by-pass vacuum valves.
11. Install rear bumper diffuse r. Install and tighten Allen
bolts (x4).
12. Roadster Only - Install RH rear wheel arch liner (refer to
Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.HB Wheel Arch
Liner - Rear - RH - Renew).
13. Roadster Only - Install LH rear wheel arch liner.
14. Coupe Only - Install rear undertray (refer to Workshop
Manual procedure 01.02.PB Undertray - Rear - Renew).
15. Lower vehicle on ramp.
Exhaust Rear Silencer Mounting Rubber-
Renew
Removal
1. Raise vehicle on ramp. 2. Remove Allen bolts (x4), bumper diffuser to mounting
brackets. Remove diffuser, collect mounting brackets.
3. Remove bolts (x2), securing silencer rear hanger brackets to body.
4. Release/remove rubber mounting and hanger bracket from silencer bracket.
5. Remove rubber mounting from hanger bracket.
Installation
1. To aid assembly, apply liquid soap to rubber mounting .
2. Install rubber mounting on hanger bracket.
3. Install rubber mounting on muffler bracket.
4. Align hanger bracket to body, install and torque tighten bolts (x2).
5. Position mounting brackets, install bumper diffuser, install and torque tighten Allen bolts (x4).
6. Lower vehicle on ramp.
Exhaust System-Renew
1. Disconnect vehicle battery.
2. Raise vehicle on ramp.
3. Remove RH exhaust manifold.
4. Remove RH front wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 01.02.GB Wheel Arch Liner - Front -
RH - Renew).
5. Remove LH front wheel arch liner (refer to Workshop
Manual procedure 01.02.FB Wheel Arch Liner - Front -
LH - Renew).
6. Remove heatshield deflector, front floor (refer to Workshop Manual procedure 09.04.AA Heatshield -
Front Floor - Renew).
7. Loosen EGR pipe in valve.
8. Remove (nuts x2) EGR pipe from manifold, discard
gasket and tie aside.
WA R N I N G
GET THE AID OF ONE MORE PERSON WHEN YOU INSTALL THE REAR EXHAUST SILENCER.
THE SILENCER IS HEAVY .
Ensure correct alignment of exhaust pipes and silencer before tightening of fixing clamps.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)
WA R N I N G
THE EXHAUST SYSTEM WILL BE VERY HOT AFTER
OPERATION. LET THE EXHAUST COOL BEFORE YOU DO WORK. IF YOU DO NO T, PESONAL INJURY CAN
OCCUR.
Repair Operation Time (ROT)