2008 TOYOTA HIGHLANDER wheel

547
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
■
Treadwear
The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear
rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a speci-
fied government test course.
For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1 - 1/2)
times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions
of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due
to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in
road characteristics and climate.
■ Traction AA, A, B, C
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C,
and they represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as
measured under controlled cond itions on specified government
test surfaces of asphalt and concrete.
A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.
Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking
(straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turn-
ing) traction.
■ Temperature A, B, C
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, represent-
ing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to
dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a speci-
fied indoor laboratory test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to
degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead
to sudden tire failure.
The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passen-
ger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Stan-
dard No. 109.
Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the labo-
ratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

549
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
Tire related termMeaning
Normal occupant
weight 150 lb. (68 kg) times the number of occupants
specified in the second column of Table 1
* that
follows
Occupant distribution Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as speci-
fied in the third column of Table 1
* below
Production options
weight The combined weight of installed regular pro-
duction options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in
excess of the standard items which they
replace, not previously considered in curb
weight or accessory weight, including heavy
duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty
12-volt battery, and special trim
Rim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube
assembly upon which the tire beads are seated
Rim diameter
(Wheel diameter) Nominal diameter of the bead seat
Rim size designation Rim diameter and width
Rim type designation The industry manufacturer's designation for a
rim by style or code
Rim width Nominal distance between rim flanges
Vehicle capacity
weight (Total load
capacity) The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lb.
(68 kg) times the vehicl
e's designated seating
capacity
Vehicle maximum load
on the tire The load on an individual tire that is determined
by distributing to each axle its share of the
maximum loaded vehicle weight, and dividing
by two
Vehicle normal load
on the tire The load on an individual tire that is determined
by distributing to each axle its share of curb
weight, accessory weight, and normal occu-
pant weight (distributed in accordance with
Ta b l e 1
* below), and dividing by two

552 6-1. Specifications
Tire related termMeaning
Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords
Ply separation A parting of rubber compound between adja-
cent plies
Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rubber, chemi-
cals, fabric and steel or
other materials, that,
when mounted on an automotive wheel, pro-
vides the traction and contains the gas or fluid
that sustains the load
Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that
extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90
degrees to the centerline of the tread
Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and
at higher inflation pressures than the corre-
sponding standard tire
Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of
the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding ele-
vations due to labeling, decoration, or protec-
tive bands
Sidewall That portion of a tire between the tread and
bead
Sidewall separation The parting of the rubber compound from the
cord material in the sidewall
Snow tire A tire that attains a traction index equal to or
greater than 110, compared to the ASTM-E
1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when
using the snow traction test as described in
ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for
Signal Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight Line
on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and which
is marked with an Alpine Symbol ( ) on at
least one sidewall
Te s t r i m The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and
may be any rim listed as appropriate for use
with that tire

553
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
*:Table 1
 Occupant loading and distri bution for vehicle normal load
for various designated seating capacities
Tire related termMeaning
Tread That portion of a tire that comes into contact
with the road
Tread rib A tread section running circumferentially
around a tire
Tread separation Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass
Treadwear indicators
(TWI) The projections within the principal grooves
designed to give a visual indication of the
degrees of wear of the tread
Wheel-holding fixture The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire
assembly securely
during testing
Designated seating
capacity, Number of occupantsVehicle normal load,
Number of occupantsOccupant distribution in a normally loaded vehi- cle
2 through 4 2 2 in front
5 through 10 3 2 in front, 1 in second
seat
11 through 15 5 2 in front, 1 in second
seat, 1 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat
16 through 20 7 2 in front, 2 in second
seat, 2 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat

562
Abbreviation list
Abbreviation/Acronym list
ABBREVIATIONSMEANING
2WD 2 Wheel Drive
4WD 4 Wheel Drive A/C Air Conditioning
ABS Anti-Lock Brake System
ACC Accessory ALR Automatic Locking Retractor
BA Brake Assist
CAL Calibration
CRS Child Restraint System
DAC Downhill Assist Control
DISP Display ECU Electronic Control Unit
EDR Event data recorderELR Emergency Locking Retractor
EPS Electric Power Steering
GAWR Gross Axle Weight Ratings
GVM Gross Vehicle Mass I/M Emission inspection and maintenance
INT Intermittent
LED Light Emitting Diode
OBD On Board Diagnostics SRS Supplemental Restraint System
TIN Tire Identification Number
TEMP Temperature
TPMS Tire Pressure Warning System TRAC Traction Control VIN Vehicle Identification Number

564
Alphabetical index
Alphabetical index
A/C (Air conditioning system) ........... 247, 242, 258, 255
ABS (Anti-lock brake system) ................................... 207
Air conditioning filter............... 449
Air conditioning system (A/C) Air conditioning filter .............. 449
Front automatic air
conditioning system ............ 247
Front manual air conditioning
system ................................ 242
Rear automatic air conditioning system ............ 258
Rear manual air conditioning system ................................ 255
Airbags
Airbag operating conditions............................ 125
Airbag precautions for your
child .................................... 129
Airbag warning light............... 490
Curtain shield airbag operating conditions............................ 125
Curtain shield airbag precautions ......................... 129
Front passenger occupant classification system ........... 134
General airbag
precautions ......................... 129
Locations of airbags .............. 122
Modification and disposal of airbags ................................ 133
Proper driving posture ........................ 120, 129
Side airbag operating
conditions............................ 125
Side airbag precautions ........ 129
SRS airbags .......................... 122 Alarm......................................... 116
Antenna .................................... 271
Anti-lock brake system
(ABS) ...................................... 207
Armrest ..................................... 380
Audio input ............................... 291
Audio system A/V input adapter .................. 315
Antenna................................. 271
Audio input ............................ 291
Audio visual input .................. 315
AUX adapter ......................... 291
CD player/changer ................ 274
DVD player............................ 302
MP3/WMA disc ..................... 281
Optimal use ........................... 288
Portable music player ........... 291
Radio..................................... 268
Rear seat entertainment system ................................ 295
Steering wheel audio switch.................................. 293
Type ...................................... 265
Audio visual input.................... 315
Automatic light control system .................................... 192
Automatic transmission .......... 171
AUX adapter ............................. 291
Auxiliary box ........................... 367
A/V input adapter ..................... 315
BA (Brake assist) ..................... 207
Back-up lights Replacing light bulbs ............. 466
Wattage................................. 538
Back door Back door ................................ 68
Wireless remote control .......... 53
Smart key system .. ................. 32A
B

568 Alphabetical index
I/M test....................................... 409
IdentificationEngine ................................... 527
Vehicle .................................. 527
Ignition switch .................. 164, 168
Illuminated entry system ......... 355
Indicator lights ......................... 179
Initialization
Items to initialize.................... 557
Inside rear view mirror ..............97
Interior lights Interior lights.......................... 355
Switch............................ 357, 356
Wattage ................................. 538
Jack Positioning a floor jack .......... 416
Replacing the wheel .............. 499
Jack handle .............................. 499
Keyless entry..............................53
Keys
Electronic key ..........................30
Engine switch ................ 164, 168
If the electronic key does not operate properly.................. 514
If you lose your keys/
wireless remote control
transmitter ........................... 513
Ignition switch................ 164, 168
Keyless entry...........................53
Key number .............................30
Keys ........................................30
Mechanical key .......................30
Wireless remote control key ........................................53 License plate lights
Replacing light bulbs ............. 466
Wattage................................. 538
Light bulbs Replacing .............................. 466
Wattage................................. 538
Lights Door courtesy lights .............. 355
Fog light switch ..................... 196
Headlight switch .................... 192
Interior light switch ........ 357, 356
Outer foot lights..................... 355
Personal light switch ............. 356
Replacing light bulbs ............. 466
Turn signal lever ................... 175
Vanity lights........................... 372
Wattage................................. 538
Load capacity ........................... 223
Lock steering column...... 166, 169
Luggage cover ......................... 384
Maintenance Do-it-yourself maintenance ....................... 410
General maintenance............ 406
Maintenance data ................. 526
Maintenance requirements ... 404
Meter
Instrument panel light control ................................. 178
Meters ................................... 177
Mirrors Conversation mirror .............. 374
Inside rear view mirror ............ 97
Side mirror heaters ............... 261
Side mirrors............................. 99
Vanity mirrors ........................ 372
Moon roof ................................. 103
MP3 disc ................................... 281
Multi-information display .................................... 183I
J
K
L
M

570 Alphabetical index
Seat heaters.............................. 378
Seating capacity....................... 223
SeatsAdjustment ........................75, 78
Adjustment precaution ......77, 86
Child seats/child restraint system installation .............. 144
Cleaning ................................ 401
Head restraint..........................87
Properly sitting in the seat ..... 120
Seat heaters .......................... 378
Service reminder indicators .............................. 179
Shift lever
Automatic transmission ......... 171
If the shift lever cannot be shifted from P................. 512
Shift lock system ..................... 512
Shopping bag hooks ............... 382
Side airbags.............................. 122
Side marker lights Replacing .............................. 466
Switch.................................... 192
Wattage ................................. 538
Side mirrors Adjusting and folding ...............99
Side table .................................. 369
Smart key system Entry function ..........................32
Starting the engine ................165
Spare tire Inflation pressure................... 534
Spare tire............................... 499
Spark plug ................................ 531
Specifications........................... 526
Speech command switch ........ 329
Speedometer ............................ 177
Steering Column lock release...... 166, 169 Steering wheel
Adjustment .............................. 96
Audio switches ...................... 293
Climate remote control switches .............................. 264
Stop lights Replacing light bulbs ............. 466
Wattage................................. 538
Storage feature ........................ 358
Storage precautions ................ 221
Stuck If your vehicle becomes stuck ................................... 523
Sun visors ................................ 371
Switch
Engine switch ................ 164, 168
Fog light switch ..................... 196
Ignition switch ............... 164, 168
Light switches ....................... 192
Power door lock switch ........... 65
Power window switch ............ 101
SNOW switch ........................ 172
Window lock switch ............... 101
Wiper and washer switch.......................... 197, 199
Tachometer .............................. 177
Tail lights Replacing light bulbs ............. 466
Switch ................................... 192
Wattage................................. 538
Talk switch ............................... 329
Telephone switch..................... 329
Theft deterrent system Alarm..................................... 116
Engine immobilizer system ... 110
Theft prevention labels ........... 119
Tire inflation pressure ............. 443
T