4. Knocking sensor
(1) Knocking sensor is a vibration acceleration sensor. Mounted on engine cylinder body. Sensing element of
the sensor is a piezocrystal. Vibration of engine cylinder body is transferred to piezocrystal via mass block in the
sensor. Since pressure generated by vibration of mass block is applied to piezocrystal, it generates voltage on two
polar planes and turns vibration signal into voltage signal for output.5-122Symptom
Poor accelerationPossible cause
Various liquids, such as engine oil, cooling fluid, brake fluid, water etc
contact the sensor for a long time, which cause corrosion to the sensor. Mounting torque: 20 ± 5 N.M
Repair precautions: sensor must be fitted closely to cylinder body with its metal surface, any type of washer
is not permitted for installation. For wiring of sensor signal cables, note that do not let resonance occur to signal
cables, otherwise they might be broken. Energizing of high voltage between sensor 1 # and 2 # pins must be
avoided, otherwise piezoelectric element might be damaged.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with sensor 1 #, 2 # pin
respectively, its resistance value at room temperature should exceed 1M ohm. Turn digital multimeter to millivolt
position, use a hand hammer to tap near knocking sensor, now voltage signal output should be available.
5. Oxygen sensor
(1) Its sensing element is a ceramic tube, outside is open to exhaust, inside is open to atmosphere. When
temperature of sensing ceramic tube reaches 350°C, it will have the characteristic of solid state electrolyte. Just
utilizing this characteristic, it converts concentration difference of oxygen into electric potential difference, thus
forms electrical signal output. If mixed gas is a bit concentrated, inside and outside oxyanion concentration
difference of ceramic tube is high, electric potential difference is a bit high.
A large number of oxyanions move from inside to outside, output voltage is high (approximate 900mV); if
mixed gas is a bit thin, inside and outside oxyanion concentration difference of ceramic tube is low, electric
potential difference is low, only a small quantity of oxyanions move from inside to outside, output voltage is low
(approximate 100mV).
Possible cause
1. humid water vapor ingresses inside of sensor, temperature
changes rapidly, probe is broken.
2. oxygen sensor "is poisoned". (Pb, S, Br, Si) Symptom
Poor idle speed, poor speedup, tail gas
overproof, too high oil consumption1 2 3 4Oxygen sensor Mounting torque: 40-60 N.m
Repair precautions: it is prohibited to use cleaning fluid, oily liquid or volatile solid on oxygen sensor during
repair.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect
two meter pens with sensor 1# (white), 2# (white) pin respectively, its
resistance value at room temperature is 1- 6 ohm.
(Connect joint) in idle speed condition, when oxygen sensor
reaches its working temperature of 350°C, turn digital multimeter to
DC voltage position, connect two meter pens with sensor 3# (grey),Engine EFI System-Engine EFI System
Symptom Possible cause
Fail to start Man made faultSpeed sensor1 2 3Fault symptom Common cause
Dischrge overproof, increased oil consumption Man made fault5-1234#(black) pin respectively, now voltage should fluctuate quickly between 0. 1-0. 9V.
6. Speed sensor
(1) Use with oscillator. Oscillator is a fluted disc, originally has 60 teeth, but two teeth are absent. Oscillator
is mounted on crankshaft, and rotates with the crankshaft. When tooth tip passes by sensor end closely, the
oscillator which is made of ferromagnetic material cuts magnetic line of permanent magnet in the sensor, and
generates induced voltage in coil, which is output as rotating speed signal. Mounting torque: 8 ± 2 N.m
Repair precautions: use pressing in instead of hammering method for installation during repair.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect
two meter pens with sensor 2#, 3# pins respectively, rated resistance
at 20°C is 770-950 ohm.
(Connect joint) turn digital multimeter to AC voltage position,
connect two meter pens with sensor 2 #, 3# pins respectively, start up
engine, now voltage output should be available.
Suggestion: use oscillograph for vehicle use to check.
7. Phase sensor
(1) This sensor consists of a hall sensor and a rotor made of steel plate. Fix hall sensor, mount rotor on camshaft.
Rotor is a 180( range cylindrical face steel blade. When the blade covers hall sensor, high Level signal is output;
otherwise low level signal is output. This differentiates two different upper dead points. Repair precautions: avoid removing end cover as far as possible during repair, so as to avoid ingress of foreign
matter, which might result in abnormal damage of magnetic gate.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Connect joint) turn on ignition switch but not start up engine, turn digital multimeter to DC voltage position,
connect two meter pens with sensor red, black conductors respectively, ensure reference voltage of 5V is available.
Start up engine, voltage output between green and black conductors should be available.
Suggestion: use oscillograph for vehicle use to check.
8. Idle speed regulator
(1) Idle speed regulator consists of a step motor and a sealing plug on its shaft, sealing plug may generate radial
displacement driven by step motor shaft, position of sealing plug determines extent of opening of by-pass airway,
so as to adjust the size of by-pass air quantity. Position of sealing plug is controlled by ECU output.Fault symptom
Too high idle speed, flameout at idle speedPossible cause
Since interior contamination is severe, regulating element
is blocked and leads to malfunction.
Repair precautions: dust and sand grain will result in damage of idle speed regulator. Intake air should be
filtered by dry air cleaner before entering idle speed regulator, filtration efficiency should exceed 99 %. ToEngine EFI System-Engine EFI System
Symptom
Poor idle speed, malfunction etc
Symptom
Fail to start5-125 Repair precautions:
1. according to engine requirement, electric fuel pumps with different flows are available, they have the same
appearance, mountable fuel pump may not be exactly suitable, during repair, part number of fuel pump used must
be consistent with original one, wrong replacement is not permitted;
2. in order to prevent fuel pump from damaging, please do not run it in dry state for a long time;
3. in case fuel pump needs to be replaced, please pay attention to clean fuel tank and pipeline and replace fuel
filter.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with fuel pump pins
respectively, measure internal resistance, it should not be zero or infinite (namely not in short circuit, open circuit
condition).
(Connect joint) connect fuel pressure gauge on sucker, start up engine, run the engine at idle speed, now fuel
pressure of engine should be about 260kPa; unplug fuel pressure regulator vacuum tube, now fuel pressure should
be about 300KPa.
11. Canister control valve
(1) Canister in fuel evaporation control system adsorbs oil vapor from oil tank until saturated. Electronic
control unit controls opening of canister control valve, fresh air and saturated fuel vapor in canister form
regeneration stream, which is led into engine intake pipe again. Electronic control unit changes duty ratio of pulsing
signal to canister control valve solenoid according to different operating conditions of engine, thus controls flow
of regeneration stream. In addition, this flow is also influenced by pressure difference at both ends.
Possible cause
Entering of foreign matter into valve inside results in
corrosion or poor leak tightness etc
Repair precautions:
1. To install, airflow direction must meet the specification;
2. when black granules inside valve body result in malfunction of control valve, and control valve needs to be
replaced, please check the condition of canister;
3. avoid water, oil etc liquids from entering valve as far as possible during repair;
4. in order to avoid transfer of solid-borne noise, it is recommended to install canister control valve suspending
on the hose or use soft rubber to fix.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with canister control valve pins
respectively, rated resistance at 20°C is 22 - 30 ohm.
12. Ignition coil
(1) When earthing channel of primary winding is connected, this primary winding is charged. Once ECU cut
off primary winding circuit, charging stops, high voltage is induced in secondary winding at the same time, so spark
plug discharges. Ignition coil ZSK 22 (both ends of 2 secondary windings are connected with a spark plug
respectively, so these two spark plugs ignite simultaneously.
Possible cause
Too heavy current leads to burnout, damaged by external force Repair precautions: it is prohibited to use "short circuit ignition testing method" to test ignition function, soEngine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Engine ECU5-126as to avoid damaging electronic control unit.
(1) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with primary winding pinsrespectively, rated resistance at 2 0°C is 0. 4-0. 6 ohm for 2X2 type; on secondary winding, 11-15k ohm for 2x2 type.13. Electronic control unit ECU
Possible cause
Electric overload of externally connected
device leads to burnout of components inside
ECU and results in malfunction Symptom
Unsteady idle speed, poor speedup, failure to start, too high
idle, tail gas overproof, difficult to start, malfunction of air
conditioner, malfunction of fuel injector control, flameout
Repair precautions:
1. Don't remove ECU at discretion during repair;
2. ECU may be removed more than 1 minute after removing storage battery head;
3. Store removed ECU properly;
4. It is prohibited to attach any circuit onto connecting wire of ECU.
Simple measuring method:
1. (Connect joint) use engine data K-line to read engine trouble record;
2. (Remove joint) check whether ECU connecting wire is in good condition or not, mainly check whether ECU
power supply grounded circuit is normal or not;
3. Check whether external sensor works normally, whether output signal is credible, whether circuit is in good
condition;
4. Check whether actuator works normally, whether its circuit is in good condition;
5. Finally replace ECU to conduct test.
Judgment principle: "two interchange principle" ---interchange ECU, interchange fault symptom.III. Diagnostic system Description:
When engine ECU detects a trouble, engine trouble warning lamp on instrument will illuminate. In addition,
relevant diagnostic code will be recorded in ECU memory. Connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface on
automobile, read various data from automobile ECU. Connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface. Technical
personnel may also read fault code via blinking of instrument fault warning lamp.Engine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Flashing way of malfuntion code 17 for O2 sensor (3) Each fault code will blink for three times, interval time is 3s, after blinking for the third times, after an
interval of 3s, next fault code will blink. After blinking of all fault codes is finished, they will blink from begining
again. The following diagram shows engine fault warning lamp blinking mode for oxygen sensor fault code 17.5-127Terminal No. Terminal definition
4 Power supply (-)
7 Bus (signal)
16 Power supply (+)Diagnosis connector Notes: use tester cable to connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface, turn ignition switch to ON position,
operate tester, if tester displays that communication is not possible, the vehicle or tester fails.
Inspection diagnosis
1. Check engine fault warning lamp
(1) When ignition switch is turned to ON position and engine does not run, engine warning lamp on
instrument should illuminate.
(2) When engine runs, engine fault warning lamp should go out. If it still illuminates, diagnostic system
detects system fault or abnormity.
2. Use handheld tester to check diagnostic code
(1) Connect handheld tester according to corresponding pin.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ON position, turn on main switch of handheld tester.
(3) Use handheld tester to detect and check diagnostic code, refer to fault diagnostic code table. (For
operation of handheld tester, see instruction manual of handheld tester)
3. Engine fault warning lamp displays fault code through blinking code, so professional may make fault
judgment in case of emergency.
(1)Turn ignition switch to ON position.
(2) Short signal pin (9#) and negative pole (4#) for more than 2. 5s,then disconnect them,detection fault lamp
on dashboard will blink the faults in fault code according to their occurrence sequence.See from terminal outlet
endConnect in jump way over 2.5s and
disconnect
Diagnosis connectorDiagnosis connectorEngine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Centralized Controller System-
Function Inspectior5-133Chapter 12 Centralized Controller SystemSection 1 Function InspectiorI. Glass frame riser: 1. Glass frame riser may be operated to move within 60s after ignition switch is turned on or off; 60s after
ignition switch is turned off, glass frame riser cannot be operated to move;
2. Manual rise: press corresponding glass frame riser switch rise key, corresponding glass frame riser motor
works, glass frame rises, release rise key, it stops.
3. Manual fall: press corresponding glass frame riser switch fall key (hold time 300ms), corresponding glass
frame riser motor works, glass frame falls, release fall key, it stops.
4. Automatic fall: press corresponding glass frame riser switch fall key (hold time < 300 ms), corresponding
glass frame riser motor works, glass frame falls down to end; or fall down until rise key or fall key is pressed again.
Note:
During automatic fall of glass frame, if corresponding glass frame riser switch fall key is pressed down for more
than 300 ms, glass frame riser is changed to manual fall mode; if corresponding glass frame riser switch rise key
is pressed down for more than 300ms, glass frame riser stops work.
5. Remote window closing:
In case of remote protection, if a key is pressed down for more than 1s, perform glass frame riser automatic
rise action, left front, right front, left rear, right rear in turn.II. Central lock: 1. In case protection is deactivated, use a key to open left front door switch or press internal unlock switch to
open four door fasteners; close left front door switch, close four door fasteners.
2. Remote unlock /lock:
(1) Ignition switch opening
a. Press remote control unlock key to open four door fasteners;
b. Press remote lock key to close four door fasteners;
(2) Turn off ignition switch
a. Press remote unlock key to open four front door fasteners, at the same time turn light flashes once.
b. Press remote lock key to close four door fasteners, at the same time turn light flashes twice.
(3) When door is opened, press remote fastener, turn light will flash for three times, at the same time electric
horn beeps for three times.
(4) If the system is triggered in anti-theft condition, when remote unlock system exits protection state,
directional turn signal will flash for four times, at the same time, electric horn beeps for four times.
3. Automatic lock
When vehicle speed exceeds 30km/h, three doors will be closed.
4. Door lock priority
Central door lock should not act simultaneously with glass frame riser; when they conflict with each other,
central door lock acts with priority, while glass frame riser stops; after central door lock action is finished, glass
frame riser continue its work in previous condition.III. Front womdscreem wiper: After spray water signal is finished, the wiper acts twice.
IV. Post-defrost: 1. When engine speed exceeds 700rpm (ignition switch is turned on), defrost work is permitted.
2. Turn on defrost switch, perform defrost work for 12 minutes, if defrost switch is pressed down again during
defrost work, defrost work will stop.
3. During defrost, turn off ignition switch, cancel this defrost.V. Light control: 1. Headlight:
(1) After press remote lock key to close four doors, if remote lock key is pressed down again twice in
succession within in 2s, dipped headlight will extend lighting for 1 minute; if remote unlock key is
pressed down within 60s, dipped headlight control output will be turned off.
(2) During output of 60s low level, if ignition switch is turned on, low level output will stop.
2. Ceiling lamp:
(1) When any of the doors is opened, ceiling lamp illuminates; if door is not closed, ceiling lamp will be
turned off after 10 minutes of delay.
(2) For closing of all doors, ceiling lamp will go out after time delay of 30s;
(3) In case all doors are closed,and ceiling lamp illuminates,ignition switch is turned on,ceiling lamp goes
out.
(4) For remote unlock, ceiling lamp illuminates; in case all doors are closed and ceiling lamp illuminates,
remote lock ceiling lamp goes out.VI. Remote anti-theft 1. Protected state: press lock key on remote controller, while closing four doors, anti-theft indicator lamp will
flashes slowly, indicating that the system enters protected state, when the system is triggered, turn light of the
vehicle will flash, warning horn gives out alarm.
2. Cancel protection: press unlock key on remote controller, while opening left front door, anti-theft indicator
lamp flashes rapidly, if at least one of ignition switch, door is opened within 30 s, anti-theft indicator lamp will
go out; otherwise it will enter secondary anti-theft state.
3. Two stage type protection cancellation: while the system is in triggered state, press any key on the remote
controller, alarm sound will stop, however, the system is still in protected state, and car door is still locked; if the
system continues to receive invasion signal, alarm will ring again after brief stop. To cancel protection completely,
cancel alarm for the first time, then press unlock key once immediately;
4. Secondary anti-theft: after protection is cancelled, if any of ignition switch, door is not opened within 30s,
the system will restore alert status automatically, and lock the car door.
Distribution of centralized controller connector terminals:
Connector on wiring harness, as shown in the figure below (view from outgoing terminal):Centralized Controller System-
Function Inspectior5-134Centralized
controller
Centralized Controller System-Function Inspectior5-135Terminal No.
A1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
15
19
20
21
22
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36RY
YR
BBL
BR
BL
GR
WR
WB
BR
WG
BW
Gr
VY
BG
WG
BLW
BR
BY
BG
R
O
GR
WG
BLB
BLR
BLPower supply (+)
Speed sensor signal
Engine speed signal
IG2
Spray water signal wiper switch 7#Wiper intermittent position signal (+)
Right front door lamp switch
Left front door lamp switch
Hazard lamp switch
GND
Right rear door lamp switch
Left rear door lamp switch
Rear right glass regulator switch (down)
Rear right glass regulator switch (up)
Turn light switch (right turn)
Turn light switch (left turn)
Defrost switch
Left front door fastener unlocked signal
Left front door fastener locked signal
Anti-theft indicator lamp
Rear left glass regulator switch (down)
Rear left glass regulator switch (up)
Front right glass regulator switch (down)
Front right glass regulator switch (up)
Front left glass regulator switch (down)
Front left glass regulator switch (up)
GND
Antenna Definition of centralized controller terminals:Conductor color Terminal definitionConnector A
Connector B Connector C