2006 LAND ROVER FRELANDER 2 ECO mode

Publi s hed: 11-May-2011
Glow Plug System - Glow Plug System
Des cript ion and Operat ion
COMPONENT LOCATION
ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Glow plugs2-Glow plug warning i ndi cat or lamp
3-BJB
OVERVIEW
A gl ow plug i s i ns t alled in t he inl et si de of each cyli nder, to heat t he combus t ion chambers before and duri ng cranki ng.This ai ds col d s tarti ng, reduces emis s ions and engine nois e when idli ng from a col d engine.
A wi ri ng harnes s on each bank of glow plugs is connect ed t o a s eparat e rel ay and fusible li nk in t he BJB (bat t ery junct ionbox) . Each glow plug i s grounded through i ts fi xi ng in the cyli nder head. Operati on of the gl ow plug relays is cont roll ed byt he ECM , which al so cont rols the i ll uminati on of the gl ow plug indicator in the instrument cl us t er.
Each gl ow pl ug is a tubular heati ng element which cont ains a spi ral fi lament encas ed i n magnesi um oxide powder. At t het ip of t he tubular heati ng element is the heater coil . Behi nd the heat er coil , and connect ed i n s eries , is a cont rol coil . Thecont rol coil regulat es the current to the heat er coil t o s afeguard agains t overheat ing.
OPERATION
There are t hree phases of glow plug heati ng: Pre heati ng, crank heat ing and pos t heat ing. The ECM (engi ne cont rolmodule) determines t he heat ing ti mes from the ECT (engi ne cool ant temperat ure) . The lower t he ECT (engi ne coolantt emperature) , t he l onger t he heat ing t imes .
W hen t he i gni ti on s wit ch is s wi tched to mode II, t he ECM (engi ne cont rol module) calculates any requi red heat ing t imesand, i f heat ing is requi red, energizes the gl ow pl ug relays i n t he BJB (bat tery juncti on box) . W hen pre heati ng is required,t he ECM (engi ne cont rol module) als o s ends a mes s age to the i nst rument clus t er, on the high s peed CAN (cont roll er areanetwork) bus , to request i ll uminati on of the gl ow pl ug indicator. The gl ow pl ug indicator remains il lumi nat ed for thedurat ion of t he pre heati ng phase, or unti l the i gni ti on s wit ch is t urned t o t he crank pos it ion, whichever occurs fi rs t. Ifrequired, the ECM (engine control modul e) keeps t he glow pl ug rel ays energi zed during cranking and for the durati on of anypost heat ing phase.
The ECM (engi ne cont rol module) moni tors the drive circui t of the gl ow plug relays for pl aus i bi li ty of operat ion, cont inuit y,and s hort and open ci rcuit s . If a fault i s detected, the ECM (engine cont rol module) s tores a rel ated faul t code andpermanentl y il lumi nat es t he glow pl ug indicator whi le t he i gni ti on s wit ch is i n mode II.
CONTROL DIAGRAM

The ECT s ens or is locat ed i n t he thermost at hous ing, on t he front of the engine, below t he i nl et manifol d. The ECT s ens oris a t hermis t or type s ens or us ed by the ECM t o monit or the engine coolant t emperature. The ECM uses t he t emperatureinformat ion for the foll owi ng functi ons:
regulat e t he inject ion peri ods et engi ne idle target s peedcont rol t he engi ne cool ing fan(s )determine operat ion of t he A/C compres sordetermine operat ion of t he purge valve and catal yt ic convert er heat ing funct ion.
The s ens or is a Negat ive Temperat ure Co-efficient (NTC) thermis tor element . The element res is t ance decreas es as thes ens or t emperature increas es. The ECM suppli es the sens or wit h a 5V reference volt age and a ground and meas ures theret urned s ignal as a t emperature.
The ECT s ens or is important to the correct running of t he engi ne as a richer mixt ure i s required at low engi ne cool antt emperatures for efficient s tarti ng and s mooth cold running. As t he engi ne cool ant temperat ure i ncreas es , the ECM usest he temperat ure si gnal from the sens or to l ean off t he fuel mi xt ure to maint ai n optimum emis s ions and performance.
The ECM moni tors the ECT sens or for faul ts and can s t ore faul t rel at ed codes . These can be ret ri eved us ing a Land Roverapproved diagnos t ic s yst em. If the ECT sens or fail s, t he ECM us es a defaul t val ue of 90°C (194°F). The electric fan cont rolmodule i s s ent a default coolant temperat ure val ue of 105°C (221°F) and s wit ches t he cooling fan on permanent ly.
Engine Oil Level/Temperature Sensor
The engi ne oil l evel/t emperature s ens or is locat ed on t he unders ide of t he engi ne and is secured i n t he engi ne oil pan wi th3 s crews and i s s eal ed wi th an O-ring s eal. The ECM suppli es the s ens or wit h a 5V reference volt age and two wires s uppl yt he temperat ure and oi l level si gnal s back t o t he ECM.
Two t ypes of engine oi l level /t emperat ure s ensor are us ed. On earli er model s a capacit ive oi l level s ens or i s fit ted and wasrepl aced by an ul trasound l evel s ens or on l at er models . The principl e of the temperat ure s ens or i s t he s ame in bot h s ens ort ypes . The sens ors can be i dent ified by di fferences in t he s ens or housi ngs ; t he capacit ive s ensor has t he electricalconnector moulded s quare t o t he bas e of the s ens or, t he ult ras oni c s ens or has the connect or moulded at a s li ght angle tot he bas e of t he s ens or.
The ECM us es both the oi l l evel and t emperature s ignals t o calculat e t he oil level. Temporary oil level changes caus ed byhil l driving or cornering are taken i nt o account by t he ECM us ing addit ional informat ion s uch as vehi cl e s peed and engi neload.
Engi ne Oi l Level Sens or - Capacit ance Type
The engi ne oil l evel s ens or compris es t wo capaci ti ve gauge el ement s . Thes e meas ure the resi s tance to elect rical currentpass i ng through t he engine oi l.
There are t wo capacit ors , one meas uring t he permit ti vi ty of t he oil and a second with t wo pl at es s et verti cal ly meas uri ngt he hei ght . The s econd capaci tor wil l have a proport ion of oil and ai r bet ween t he plates and s i nce t he permit ti vi ty of ai r isdifferent t o t hat of oi l, t he permi tt ivit y readi ng wil l change as t he level of oi l decreas es and the ai r between t he plat e gapincreas es. This permi tt ivit y readi ng is compared t o t hat of the oi l (t aken by t he first capaci tor) and an oil level is derived.
Engi ne Oi l Level Sens or - Ult ras ound Type

To s top the engine t he s t op/s tart but ton must be pres sed. Forcibly removing t he remote hands et from t he s tart controlmodule will not s top the engine. On models wit h automat ic t rans mi ss i on, once the engi ne has st opped the remotehands et wil l not be releas ed by t he s tart cont rol module unt il the trans mi s si on s el ect or lever is i n t he Park (P) pos i ti on.
Throttle Control
The ECM controls t he posi ti oni ng of the throt t le di sc i n t he electric t hrot tl e us ing i nformat ion from t he APP s ens or and t heTP s ensor. Dat a from t he A/C pres sure s ens or, TCM, ECT s ens or, MAF s ensor and t he MAP/IAT s ensor i s als o us ed todetermine t he correct t hrot tl e cont rol .
The t wo Hall effect sens ors i n t he TP s ens or are des ignat ed 1 and 2. Both sens ors out put an i ncreasi ng vol tage as thet hrott le di s c angl e increas es. Smal l air fl ows t hrough the throt tl e requi re comprehens ive regul at ion, t herefore the vol tageri s e in one of the s ensors increas es more quickl y t han the ot her s ens or whi ch gives accurat e cont rol of t he thrott le andensure t he thrott le di sc is i n t he correct posi ti on.
The ECM moni tors the si gnal s from bot h s ens ors to ens ure they are wit hin the minimum and maximum t hres hol ds and thatt he si gnal s corres pond t o the same thrott le di sc pos it ion. If there is a difference in the si gnal s the ECM us es a defaultt hrott le si gnal calculated from t he electric t hrot tl e load, engi ne s peed and ai r pres s ure and t emperature s ignals . Thes ens or whose out put s ignal i s clos est t o t he calcul ated t hrot tl e dis c angle will be us ed as t he correct output . A faul t codewil l be recorded for the ot her s ens or and t his can be read us ing a Land Rover approved di agnos ti c s ys t em. The ECM t henmonit ors t he remaining s ens or out put s i gnal and compares it agains t t he cal cul ated value. If a difference i n thecomparis on occurs t he ECM wi ll dis count t he output from bot h s ens ors and dis abl e t he electric t hrot tl e cont rol and revert toa l imp home mode. The throt t le di sc has s prings for opening and clos ing and t he ECM can meas ure the l oad appl ied byt hes e s pri ngs for a l oad s ignal . If a fault occurs whi ch prevent s t he damper mot or from being operat ed, the s prings ret urnt he throt t le di sc to a pos i ti on which all ows a t hrot tl e openi ng large enough t o all ow t he vehi cle t o driven, but wi th reduceddri ve abi li ty.
Throt tl e Adapt ions
The ECM has a learning adapti on which al lows t he ECM t o calculate the preci s e cont rol required for t he elect ric throt t ledamper motor. The adapti on process is performed when the ignit ion i s on and t he engine is not runni ng. The t hrot tl e dis cis moved by the damper mot or to t he fully cl osed pos it ion and t he ECM records t he val ues out put by the TP sens orpotenti ometers.
If the permanent batt ery supply t o t he ECM has been removed, t hen previous adapt ions wi ll have been los t. If adapt ionsare st ored, t hen the ECM compares the s t ored adapti on val ues wit h t he current t hrottle angl e and us es an average of thes tored and current values t o create the new adapt ion value.
If the el ect ri c throt t le unit has been repl aced, t he power s upply mus t be removed from t he ECM t o eras e al l previousl ys tored adapt ion values .
Fuel Pressure Regulation
Fuel pres s ure regulati on is cont roll ed by t he ECM t o res pond t o fuel pres s ure demand and provi des s t epl ess cont rol of the
pump output us ing t he FPDM t o control t he pump operat ion. The ECM can vary t he fuel pres s ure to bet ween 55.1 l bf/in2
(3.8 bar) and 72.5 lbf/i n2 (5 bar). The hi gh pres s ure i s only us ed in ext reme condit ions s uch as heavy engine loads andengi ne s tarts .
The ECM us es t he si gnal s from the fuel rail pres s ure/temperat ure s ens or t o det ermi ne informat ion regardi ng t he pres sureand t emperature of the fuel and provi de precis e i njecti on periods , improvi ng engi ne s tarti ng under all condit ions. Theadvant age of controll ing t he fuel pump output pres s ure are t hat pump power consumpt ion is reduced, loweri ng the load ont he power s upply s yst em and reduci ng fuel cons umpt ion, improved s ervi ce life of t he pump and reduced fuel pump nois e.
• NOTE: W hen t he i gni ti on is swi tched off t he FPDM reduces t he fuel li ne pres s ure regul at ion to 29 lbf/in2 (2 bar) to hel preduce inject or leakage.
Knock Control
Knock occurs i n a cyli nder when t he fuel and air s elf i gni tes at t he wrong ti ming. This can occur eit her before or after t hes park i s produced. The fuel mi xt ure can ignit e in different areas of t he combus t ion chamber and res ul ts in a fas tcombus t ion proces s creati ng s everal s eparat e fuel combus t ions which t oget her combi ne to produce a mechani cal knockings ound. The s ounds produce a certain type of vibrat ion through t he engine cylinder block and thes e are detected by t heknock s ensors . The two knock s ens ors det ect knocks on cyl inders 1, 2 and 3 and 4, 5 and 6 respecti vel y.
The vibrat ions act upon the peizo crys t als wi thi n t he sens ors whi ch res ult s in a volt age bei ng produced whi ch is sens ed byt he ECM. The ECM, us ing the CMP sens ors and t he CKP s ensor, can det ermi ne which cylinder(s ) are knocking. The ECM isable t o fil ter t he s ignal t o det ect vibrat ions creat ed duri ng normal engi ne operati on and dis card t hem from the knockdetecti on. The i gni ti on t imi ng is gradual ly advanced unti l the knocki ng is det ect ed once agai n.
Once the ECM has determined knocking is occurri ng usi ng other input s s uch as cat al yti c convert er temperat ure for exampl ein addi ti on to the s i gnal s from t he knock s ens ors , it first retards the ignit ion t imi ng and s ubs equent ly ri chens t he air/fuel i frequired.
Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Control
The inl et cams haft i s cont rol led by t he ECM us ing the VCT s olenoid. The exhaus t camshaft is fixed and i ts ti ming cannotbe changed.
Both cams haft s are dri ven i ndirect ly from the cranks haft via a chai n. The chain is driven from a s haft in the gear hous i ngas sembl y.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Engi ne - 3.2L (303-01, Descripti on and Operat ion).The VCT all ows t he ECM t o adus t t he inl et cams haft pos it ion i n rel ati on to the cranks haft , al tering t he t imi ng of theopeni ng and clos ing of t he inlet and exhaus t valves rel ati ve to the cranks haft posi ti on. Thi s allows the ECM to provideincreas ed engi ne performance, i mproved i dl e quali ty and reduced emi ss i ons .

6-Clut ch - C3
7-Torque converter
8-Fluid pump9-Different ial as sembl y
10-Count er dri ven gear
11-Count er dri ve gearThe main cas ing ret ai ns the fl ui d at t he bot t om. A combined drai n/fill er plug i s located i n t he bot t om of t he cas ing. The oillevel is checked by removing t he inner fi ll plug when the t rans mis s ion flui d is at a t emperature of bet ween 50 t o 60°C (122t o 140°F). W hen the oi l fl ow becomes a dri p from the pl ug hol e, the l evel i s correct.
The t ransmis s ion has a flui d cool er whi ch is locat ed on t he Left Hand (LH) end of t he radi ator. The cooler is connect ed t ot he trans mi s si on convert er hous ing by 2 pipes . The fl ui d cooler is connect ed int o t he engi ne cool ing s yst em and cools thet ransmis s ion fluid by heat t rans fer t hrough t he cooler t o t he engi ne cool ant .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Trans mis s ion Cooli ng (307-02 Trans mis s ion/Trans axle Cooli ng, Des cri pti on andOperat ion).
TORQUE CONVERTER
ItemPart NumberDescription1-Torque convert er hous ing
2-Lock-up clut ch
3-Turbine4-Impell er
5-St ator
6-Fl uid pump7-Input shaft
The t orque convert er is t he coupl ing el ement bet ween the engine and the t rans mis s ion and is l ocat ed in t he t rans mis s ionhous i ng, on t he engine s ide of t he t rans mis s ion. The dri ven power from the engine cranks haft i s transmit ted hydrauli cal lyand mechani cal ly t hrough t he torque convert er t o t he t rans mis s ion. The torque convert er is connect ed to the engine by adri ve plate.
The t orque convert er compris es an i mpeller, a s tat or and a t urbine. The torque convert er is a sealed uni t wit h allcomponents locat ed between the converter housi ng cover and t he impel ler. The t wo component s are welded t oget her t oform a s eal ed, flui d fi ll ed hous ing. W it h the impell er welded t o the convert er hous ing cover, the impell er is t hereforedri ven at engine cranks haft s peed.
The t orque convert er cont ai ns a hydrauli cal ly operat ed lock-up clut ch which i s cont roll ed by t he TCM via a s olenoid i n t hevalve block which actuat es s pool valves to cont rol the hydraul ic pres s ure appli ed t o t he cl utch. Thi s all ows the TCM t oprovide 3 modes of convert er operat ion; unlocked, part iall y l ocked and ful ly l ocked.
VALVE BLOCK
The valve block is locat ed i n a vert ical pos i ti on at the front of t he transmis si on mai n cas i ng, behind a sealed cover. Thevalve block cont ains a number of s olenoids , dampers and s pool valves to cont rol t he trans mi s si on operati on. The s olenoidsare cont roll ed by t he TCM t o provide gear changes and s mooth trans i ti on bet ween rat io changes.

SymbolDescription
44th gear s elected ('CommandShift™ 'mode)
55th gear s elected ('CommandShift™ 'mode)66th gear s elected ('CommandShift™ 'mode)
SPORTSport mode s elected
Message Center Display
The mes s age center i s located bel ow t he speedometer and t he tachometer at t he bot t om of t he ins trument cl ust er. Themes s age center i s a Liqui d Crys tal Di spl ay (LCD) t o rel ay vehi cl e s tat us informat ion t o t he dri ver.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Informat ion and Mes s age Cent er (413-08 Informat ion and Mes s age Cent er, Des cript ionand Operat ion).
CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (CAN)
The high s peed CAN broadcast bus net work i s us ed to connect t he powert rai n modules . The CAN bus is connect ed betweent he foll owing el ect ronic uni ts :
High Speed CAN Bus
TCMIns t rument clus terSteering angle s ens orRest rai nts control modul eEngi ne Control Module (ECM)ABS moduleAdapt ive Front l ight ing Syst em (AFS) cont rol moduleDiagnost ic socket .
The CAN bus all ows a fast exchange of dat a between modules . The CAN bus compri ses two wires which are identi fied asCAN hi gh (H) and CAN low (L). The t wo wires are colored yel low/bl ack (H) and yell ow/brown (L) and are twi s ted t oget her tomi ni mi se el ect romagneti c int erference (nois e) produced by the CAN bus mes sages .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Communicati ons Net work (418-00 Modul e Communicati ons Net work, Des cript ion andOperat ion).
In the event of CAN bus fai lure, t he fol lowi ng s ympt oms may be obs erved:
Trans mis s ion operat es in default modeTorque converter lock-up clut ch cont rol is dis abl edGear pos it ion indicati on in ins trument cl us t er LCD inoperati ve (t his will al so occur wit h any t rans mis s ion faul t).
DRIVING MODES
A number of different dri ving modes are avai lable. Some can be s elected by the driver and some are aut omati cal ly i nit iatedby t he TCM t o adapt t o di fferent drivi ng condit ions .
NormalSportManual 'CommandShift ™'CoolingHil l Descent Cont rol (HDC)Crui seLimp homeCoastFast off recogni ti onUphill and TrailerDownhillW i de Throt tl eTerrai n Res pons eRevers e lock-out
Normal
Normal mode is automat icall y s elect ed by t he TCM when t he i gni ti on is swi tched on. In this mode all automat ic andadapt ive modes are acti ve. Normal mode uses gear s hi ft and l ock-up maps which provi de the opt imum of fuelcons umpt ion, emis s ions and dri veabil it y, depending on t he dri ving s tyl e.
If the t rans mis s ion is operat ed in sport mode or 'CommandShi ft ™' mode and t he s elector lever is moved back t o t he drive'D' pos it ion, then normal mode operat ion is resumed.
Sport
Sport mode provi des enhanced accelerat ion and respons ivenes s by t he us e of s ports shi ft maps . This mode al lows t het ransmis s ion t o down s hift more readil y and hol d gears for longer at hi gher engine speeds .
Manual 'CommandShift™'
Manual 'CommandShift ' mode al lows t he t rans mis s ion t o operat e as a semi -aut omati c trans mi s si on. The driver can changeup and down t he s ix forward gears wi th the freedom of a manual t rans mis s ion.
Shift maps are provi ded to protect t he engi ne at high s peeds . The TCM wi ll automat icall y change up t o a higher gear rat iot o prevent engine overspeed and change down to a lower gear rati o t o avoi d engine l aboring and s t al li ng.
W hen ki ck-down is reques ted the TCM shi ft s down t o t he lowes t avai lable gear. W hen the vehicl e is st ati onary, t he drivercan s el ect 1s t , 2nd or 3rd t o s tart off.

W hen movi ng from a st andst il l, ups hi ft s can be pre-s el ect ed by making '+' s el ect ions wi th the s elect or l ever for thenumber of ups hifts requi red. The TCM t hen performs t he reques ted number of upshi ft s when appropri at e s hift points arereached. For exampl e; when moving off in 1s t gear, if 3 '+' s elect ions are made i n quick s ucces si on, t he TCM willautomat ically ups hift t hrough the gears to 4t h gear as t he vehi cl e accelerates , wit hout any furt her s electi ons bei ng made.
Cooling
Cooling mode is act ivated when t he TCM det ect s exces s ively hi gh trans mi s si on fl uid or engine coolant temperatures . W hent hi s mode i s act ive torque converter l ock-up is acti vat ed earl ier t o mi ni mi ze a further ris e in fl uid and/or engine coolantt emperature and ass i st flui d cool ing.
Hill Descent Control (HDC)
The HDC mode as s is t s t he ABS module i n cont rol li ng the downhil l speed of t he vehi cl e. W hen HDC i s acti ve, t he TCMs elect s t he mos t appropri at e gear for t he descent to maxi mi ze engi ne braking.
Maximum engi ne braking i s applied us i ng a s hift map which i nit iat es later ups hift s and earl y downshi ft s .
Cruise
W hen s peed cont rol i s act ivated, t he TCM receives a speed control acti ve mes s age on the hi gh s peed CAN bus . The TCMact ivat es a s peed cont rol map whi ch minimizes up and down s hifts .
Crui se mode is act ive when s peed cont rol is sel ect ed on and t he transmis s ion i s in drive 'D', s port 'S', HDC or Terrai nRespons e Gras s /gravel /s now program. Unique cruis e maps overri de the current mode t o provide a smoot h driving feel andmode resel ect ion.
Limp Home
If a transmis s ion faul t is det ect ed by t he TCM, the TCM adopt s a l imp home s trategy and a mes s age 'TRANSMISSIONFAULT LIMITED GEARS AVAILABLE' i s dis played in the mes s age cent er. If the fault has an effect on engi ne emis s ions , theMIL in the i nst rument clus t er wi ll als o be il luminat ed.
In li mp home mode, P, R and N functi ons operate normall y (i f the fault al lows t hes e s elect ions) and t he TCM locks t het ransmis s ion i n 3rd gear t o all ow t he dri ver t o t ake the vehicle to a Land Rover deal er or approved repai rer. Torqueconvert er lock-up i s dis abled and reverse-lock-out wil l not funct ion.
If the vehicle is s t opped and s ubsequentl y res tarted in t he li mp home mode condi ti on, t he TCM operat es normall y unti l thefaul t which caus ed t he condi ti on is det ect ed agai n.
Coast
Coast mode provides earli er downs hifts during coast ing dependant on out put shaft decelerat ion rate to improve driveabili tyand refinement by avoi ding negati ve to pos it ive driveli ne torque revers als t rans mi ssion during t he downshi ft s .
Fast Off Recognition
Fast off recogni ti on is act ivated when t he TCM det ect s t hat t he dri ver has releas ed the accel erat or pedal qui ckl y. This isdetected by the TCM monit oring for a high level of negat ive pedal angl e from ECM s ignals on t he high speed CAN bus . Ift hi s condi ti on is det ect ed, t he TCM hol ds the current gear rati o to allow the driver t o compl ete the manoeuvre wi thout t heneed for a downs hift. The mode can remain acti ve for a predet ermined lengt h of ti me or i f the driving s t yl e remainspass i ve.
Fast off recogni ti on mode as si s ts vehicle st abili ty and is us ed i n conjunct ion a lateral accel erat ion i nput duri ng corneri ng tomaint ain t he current gear unti l the corner is negot iated.
Uphill and Trailer
Uphill and t rai ler mode can be acti ve when the trans mi s si on is operat ing in normal, s port or Terrai n Res pons e modes .W hen t he vehicle i s pull ing a t rai ler or dri vi ng up an i ncl ine, the TCM det ects t he i ncreas ed res i st ance by monit oring enginet orque and s peed s i gnal s received from the ECM on the hi gh s peed CAN bus and als o t rans mis s ion out put s haft s peeds ens or s ignals . Uphi ll and t rai ler mode wi ll provide downs hift s t o prevent a drop in t rans mi ss i on torque out put andmaint ain driving force.
Downhill
Downhill mode can be act ive when t he t ransmis s ion i s operati ng in normal, s port or Terrain Res pons e modes . W hen t hevehi cl e i s descendi ng an i ncl ine t he TCM detect s a reducti on in res is t ance by moni toring engine t orque and s peed si gnal sreceived from the ECM on t he high s peed CAN bus and als o t rans mis s ion out put shaft speed s ensor s ignals . Downhill modeas si st s engine braki ng by s elect ing an appropriat e gear reduci ng the load required on t he brakes .
Wide Throttle
W i de open thrott le mode operates for part thrott le ups hifts and ki ck-down ups hifts . It provides cons i st ent wide opent hrott le ups hift performance under all driving condit ions. The full engine s peed range is used i n all driving modes ; normal ,s port, hi ll modes and Commands hi ft . Compens at ion i s used for delays (hydrauli c and electroni c) in gear change reques t togear change s tart to provi de s mooth changes and correct shi ft point correct ion.
Terrain Response
The Terrai n Res pons e s ys tem has a unique s et of shi ft maps for each of t he Terrai n Res pons e programs . Thes e programsoverri de exis ti ng modes; for exampl e when HDC is acti ve and the 'Sand', 'Mud and Ruts ' or 'Grass /Gravel/Snow' programsare sel ect ed, a specific Terrain Res ponse map is used, not the HDC mode s hift map detai led previ ous ly.

Reverse Lock-Out
If the s elector l ever is moved from N to R and t he vehi cl e i s travel li ng forwards , revers e s electi on is prevent ed if t hevehi cl e s peed is 11 km/h (6.8 mph) or more. W hen revers e lock-out is act ivated, t he cl utch (C3) is released wit houtenergizing sol enoid (SLC3), preventi ng t he transmis si on from sel ect ing reverse gear.
TRANSMISSION FAULT STATUS
If the TCM det ect s a fault wi th the t rans mi ss ion sys tem, it wi ll enter a defaul t (l imp home) mode to prevent furt herdamage to the trans mi ss i on and allow the vehicl e to be dri ven. If pos s ibl e revers e gear wil l be avai lable and al s o 3rd gearonly.
W hen a fault i s detected a high s peed CAN mes s age is s ent from the TCM and is recei ved by the i nst rument clus ter. Theins t rument clus ter il lumi nat es t he MIL (i f required) and di spl ays an appl icabl e mes sage in t he mes s age cent er.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Informat ion and Mes s age Cent er (413-08 Informat ion and Mes s age Cent er, Des cript ionand Operat ion).
Some t rans mis s ion fault s may not il lumi nat e t he MIL or dis play a fault mes s age, but t he driver may not ice a reduct ion i ns hift quali ty.
ENGINE SPEED AND TORQUE MONITORING
The ECM const antl y s uppl ies t he TCM wi th informati on on engine s peed and torque through mes s ages on the CAN bus. TheTCM us es t hi s informat ion t o calculat e the correct and appropriat e t imi ng of shi ft changes .
If the mes s ages are not received by t he ECM, the TCM wil l impl ement a back-up st rat egy to prot ect t he transmis s ion fromdamage and all ow t he vehi cl e t o be dri ven.
In the event of an engi ne s peed or t orque s i gnal fai lure, t he t rans mis s ion wi ll adopt the el ect ri cal li mp home mode wit ht he trans mi s si on operati ng in a fixed gear.
TOWING FOR RECOVERY
W ARNING: Ens ure that t he remot e hands et remains docked whi ls t the vehicl e is bei ng towed. Removing t he remot ehands et wil l engage t he s teering l ock, which wi ll prevent the vehicle from s t eering correct ly.
If the engine cannot be run whi ls t the vehicl e is bei ng towed, t here wi ll be no power ass i st ance for the st eeri ng or brakes .This wi ll res ult in great er effort being requi red t o s t eer or s low the vehicle, and great ly i ncreas ed s t oppi ng dis tances.
CAUTION: The vehicle s hould only be towed wit h four wheels on the ground. Towing wi th two wheel s on t he groundwil l res ult i n s erious damage t o t he t ransmis s ion.
The vehi cl e s houl d only be towed for a maximum of 80 km (50 miles ), at a maximum s peed of 80 km/h (50 mph). Towi ngfor a greater dis t ance, or at a higher speed may res ul t in serious damage t o t he trans mi s si on.
• NOTE: The recommended recovery met hod is by trailer or recovery vehicle.
Secure t he towi ng att achment from the recovery vehicl e to the front t owing eye.
Ins ert the remote hands et in t he s tart cont rol module and swi tch on the i gni ti on by pres s ing t he s tart/s top but ton once.
• NOTE: Leavi ng the ignit ion s wit ched on for extended peri ods will cause the bat tery t o drain.
Apply t he foot brake, and move t he s el ect or lever to the neutral 'N' pos i ti on. W it h t he foot brake s ti ll appl ied, rel eas e t hepark brake. If elect rical power t o the sel ect or is not avai lable, t he emergency releas e l ever on t he s elect or lever can beus ed to releas e t he int erlock s olenoid.
The vehi cl e can be t owed a maximum of 80 km (50 mil es ) at a maxi mum speed of 80 km/h (50 mph).
Park t he vehicle on firm, l evel ground. Appl y the park brake and move t he s elector lever t o the park 'P' posi ti on.
Swit ch off t he ignit ion and remove t he remot e handset .
CAUTION: The vehicle cannot be towed i n a revers e direct ion.

Circui t Board (PCB) and Hal l effect s ensors which detect t he s el ect ed posi ti on of the sel ect or lever (M/S and +/-) via amagnet locat ed on t he lever mechani sm. The si gnal s from t he Hall s ens ors are pas s ed from a connector on t he s ens ormodule t o t he TCM on a Local Int erconnect Network (LIN) bus .
The s ens or module main connect or us es four pins for LIN bus , ground, power and neutral inputs and out put s . A s econdconnector all ows for t he connecti on of a ri bbon cable from t he s elector posi ti on LED for ni ght i ll uminati on and posi ti onil lumi nat ion. A t hird connector s uppl ies power and ground connecti ons to the s hift int erl ock s olenoid.
The s ens or module al so includes an opti cal s ensor which det ermi nes that t he sel ect or lever i s i n the Park (P) pos it ion. Thes ens or is locat ed behind t he module hous ing and i s not vi s ible. Ali gnment marks on the s ens or housi ng and the sens orarm mus t be ali gned when the s elect or l ever i s in the Park (P) pos it ion. W hen t hes e 2 marks are ali gned the opt icals ens or/park pos it ion i s correct ly adjus t ed. This adjust ment is set at t he point of manufacture and does not requi rere-s et t ing under normal operati ng condit ions .
Sport/Manual +/- CommandShift™
The s ens or module contai ns the hal l effect s ens ors to act ivate the s port /manual mode and als o t he s ensors which provi det he +/- s i gnal s. W hen the s elect or l ever i s moved to the manual /s port pos it ion, the magnet located in t he s elector levermechani sm i s moved wit hin proxi mit y of t he M/S hall effect s ensor on t he PCB. This provi des t he s ignal which i s receivedby t he TCM, which in turn ini ti at es s port mode.
W hen t he l ever is moved to the + or - pos i ti on, t he magnet is moved wi thi n proximit y of one of the hall effect sens orsposi ti oned ei ther s ide of t he M/S hall effect s ens or. W hen an input from eit her the + or - s ens ors is recei ved, manualCommandShi ft ™ mode wil l be ini ti at ed. In this pos i ti on a s pri ng wil l move the s elector l ever back to the centre pos it ionwhen rel eas ed. To leave t he CommandShi ft ™ mode, return t he lever to the 'D' pos it ion.
Shift Interlock
The s hift interlock s ol enoi d i s located on t he LH s i de of the s elector l ever as sembly. The sol enoid operates t wo l ockinglevers whi ch engage wi th the lever mechanis m and lock it i n t he Park (P) and Neut ral (N) pos i ti ons . W hen t he i gni ti on isoff, the sol enoid is de-energized, l ocking the s elector l ever i n the Park (P) pos it ion. If the s elector l ever i s in any pos it ionother t han Park (P), t he remot e hands et cannot be removed from t he s tart cont rol module unt il t he lever is moved t o t hePark (P) posi ti on.
The s hift interlock s ol enoi d has a mechanical connect ion t o t he s ens or module us ing a s ens or arm. Movement of thes olenoi d i s transferred via t he s ensor arm t o t he s ens or module whi ch det ect s t he movement usi ng an opti cal s ensor. Thes ens or arm movement provides a confi rmat ion t o t he s ens or module t hat the sol enoid is i n i ts i nterlocked pos it ion. Thes ens or arm has a ratchet adjust ment for al ignment of t he opti cal s ensor and i s fact ory s et and mus t not be adjust ed.
The s hift interlock s ol enoi d l ocks t he s el ect or lever in t he park pos it ion or t he neutral pos it ion t o prevent inadvert ents elect ions on the s elector l ever. The interlock is releas ed when t he ignit ion i s on and t he dri ver pres s es t he brake pedal . As ignal from t he brake s wit ch is pas s ed on t he high s peed Cont rol ler Area Net work (CAN) bus t o t he TCM and i s thenpass ed on t he LIN bus t o the sens or modul e. On receipt of t hi s s ignal the s ens or modul e logic energi zes the s olenoid if i nt he Park (P) pos it ion or de-energizes the sol enoid if i n t he Neut ral (N) posi ti on, releas ing t he int erlock mechani s m.
If the s elector l ever is left in t he 'N' pos it ion for more t han 3 s econds , the sol enoi d wil l be energized and t he s el ect or leverwil l become locked i n t he 'N' posi ti on. To move the sel ect or lever from t he 'N' positi on in this condit ion, t he footbrake mus tbe applied. This prevent s the sel ect or lever from being moved t o t he 'D' or 'R' positi on unintent ionally and the appli cat ionof the brakes al s o prevent s t he vehi cle 'creepi ng' when t he gear is engaged. Movement of t he s elector lever from t he 'P' or'N' pos it ions is al s o prevent ed i f the TCM sens es t he engi ne s peed i s above 2500 rev/mi n, even i f the brake pedal isdepres sed.
If a fault occurs wi th the s hift int erl ock s olenoid, t he s ens or module, the brake s wit ch or as s oci ated wi ri ng, an emergencyrel eas e l ever i s provided t o dis connect t he int erlock mechani sm. The emergency releas e lever can be acces sed by us i ng at ool t o remove the s elector l ever t ri m finis her from t he floor cons ole. The fi nis her can be lifted to gai n acces s t o therel eas e l ever whi ch is l ocat ed at the front t he s elect or lever ass embly and is colored yel low for identi fi cat ion.
• NOTE: The s elector lever cannot be moved from the 'Park' pos it ion i f the ignit ion i s s wit ched off unl ess the emergencyrel eas e l ever i s us ed.
TRANSMISSION CABLE