2005 TOYOTA xA engine oil

193
NOTICE
Remember that battery and ignition
cables carry high currents or volt-
ages. Be careful of accidentally
causing a short circuit.
 Add only “Toyota Super Long Life
Coolant” or similar high quality eth-
ylene glycol based nonsilicate,
nonamine, nonnitrite, and nonbo-
rate coolant with longlife hybrid
organic acid technology to fill the
radiator “Toyota Super Long Life
Coolant” is a mixture of 50% cool-
ant and 50% deionized water.
 If you spill some of the coolant, be
sure to wash it off with water to
prevent it from damaging the parts
or paint.
 Do not allow dirt or anything else
to fall through the spark plug holes.
 Use only spark plugs of the speci-
fied type. Using other types will
cause engine damage, loss of per-
formance or radio noise.
 Do not overfill automatic transmis-
sion fluid and power steering fluid,
or the transmission and power
steering could be damaged.
Do not drive with the air cleaner
filter removed, or excessive engine
wear could result. Also backfiring
could cause a fire in the engine
compartment.
 Be careful not to scratch the glass
surface with the wiper frame.
 When closing the engine hood,
check to see that you have not for-
gotten any tools, rags, etc.
Parts and tools
Here is a list of parts and tools you will
need to perform do −it−yourself mainte-
nance. Remember all Scion parts are de-
signed in metric sizes, so your tools must
be metric.
CHECKING THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
“Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent. See
page 199 for details about engine oil
selection.
Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding oil)
CHECKING THE ENGINE COOLANT
LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or
similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non −silicate, non −amine, non− ni-
trite, and non −borate coolant with long −
life hybrid organic acid technology.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a
mixture of 50% coolant and 50% deion-
ized water.
Tools:
Funnel (only for adding coolant)

197
DOITYOURSELF MAINTENANCE
Engine and Chassis
Checking the engine oil level198
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the engine coolant level 200
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the radiator and condenser 201
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking brake fluid 201
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . .
Checking power steering fluid 202
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking tire inflation pressure 203
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking and replacing tires 206
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rotating tires 208
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . . . . . . . . .
Installing snow tires and chains 208
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing wheels 210
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . . . . .
SECTION 7 2

198
Checking the engine oil level
Low levelFull level
Add
oil O.K.
To o
full
With the engine at operating tempera-
ture and turned off, check the oil level
on the dipstick.
1. To get a correct reading, the vehicle should be on level ground. After turning
off the engine, wait a few minutes for
the oil to drain back into the bottom of
the engine.
2. Pull the dipstick out, hold a rag under the end and wipe it clean.
3. Reinsert the dipstick—Push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be
correct. 4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil
level while holding a rag under the
end.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the hot ex-
haust manifold.
NOTICE
Be careful not to drop engine oil on
the vehicle components.
If the oil level is below or only slightly
above the low level, add engine oil of
the same type as already in the engine.
Remove the oil filler cap and add engine
oil in small quantities at a time, checking
the dipstick. We recommend that you use
a funnel when adding oil.
The approximate quantity of oil needed to
raise the level between low and full on the
dipstick is indicated below for reference.
When the level reaches within the correct
range, install the filler cap hand− tight.
Oil quantity, L (qt., lmp.qt.): 1.5 (1.6, 1.3)
NOTICE
 Be careful not to spill engine oil on
the vehicle components.
 Avoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.
 Check the oil level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.

199
ENGINE OIL SELECTION
“Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Scion
vehicle. Use Scion approved “Genuine Mo-
tor Oil” or equivalent to satisfy the follow-
ing grade and viscosity.
Oil grade:API grade SL “Energy −Conserving” or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil.
Recommended viscosity:
SAE 5W −30
OIL008
Outside temperature SAE 5W30 is the best choice for good
fuel economy, and good starting in cold
weather.
If SAE 5W30 oil is not available, SAE
10W30 oil may be used. However, it
should be replaced with SAE 5W30 at
the next oil change.
API service symbol
API02
ILSAC certification mark

200
Oil identification marks
Either or both API registered marks are
added to some oil containers to help
you select the oil you should use.
The API Service Symbol is located any-
where on the outside of the container.
The top portion of the label shows the oil
quality by API (American Petroleum Insti-
tute) designations such as SL. The center
portion of the label shows the SAE viscos-
ity grade such as SAE 5W−30. “Energy −
Conserving” shown in the lower portion,
indicates that the oil has fuel −saving ca-
pabilities.
The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan-
dardization and Approval Committee) Certi-
fication Mark is displayed on the front of
the container.
To ensure excellent lubrication perfor-
mance for your engine, “Genuine Motor
Oil” is available, which has been specifi-
cally tested and approved for all Scion
engines.
Please contact your Scion dealer for fur-
ther details about “Genuine Motor Oil”. Look at the seethrough coolant reser-
voir when the engine is cold. The cool-
ant level is satisfactory if it is between
the “FULL” and “LOW” lines on the
reservoir. If the level is low, add the
coolant. (For the coolant type, see
“Coolant type selection” described be-
low.)
The coolant level in the reservoir will vary
with engine temperature. However, if the
level is on or below the “LOW” line, add
coolant. Bring the level up to the “FULL”
line.
If the coolant level drops within a short
time after replenishing, there may be a
leak in the system. Visually check the
radiator, hoses, engine coolant filler cap,
radiator cap and drain cock and water
pump.
If you can find no leak, have your Scion
dealer test the cap pressure and check
for leaks in the cooling system.
CAUTION
To prevent burning yourself, do not
remove the radiator cap when the en-
gine is hot.
Coolant type selection
Use of improper coolants may damage
your engine cooling system.
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
or similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non
−silicate, non −amine, non− nitrite,
and non −borate coolant with long −life hy-
brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with
long −life hybrid organic acid technology is
a combination of low phosphates and or-
ganic acids.)
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix-
ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized
water. This coolant provides protection
down to about –35 C (–31 F).
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Checking the engine coolant
level

225
Service specifications
ENGINE
Valve clearance (engine cold), mm (in.):Intake 0.15 – 0.25 (0.006 – 0.010)
Exhaust 0.25 – 0.35 (0.010 – 0.014)
Spark plug type: DENSO K16R −U
NGK BKR5EYA
Spark plug gap, mm(in.): 0.8 (0.031)
ENGINE LUBRICATION
Oil capacity (drain and refill), L (qt.,
Imp.qt.): With filter 3.7 (3.9, 3.3)
Without filter 3.4 (3.6, 3.0)
“Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Scion
vehicle. Use Scion approved “Genuine Mo-
tor Oil” or equivalent to satisfy the follow-
ing grade and viscosity. Oil grade:
API grade SL “Energy −Conserving” or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil
Please contact your Scion dealer for fur-
ther details.
Recommended oil viscosity:
SAE 5W −30
OIL008
Outside temperature
COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp.qt.):
Manual transmission 4.4 (4.7, 3.9)
Automatic transmission 4.3 (4.5, 3.8)
Coolant type:
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is
used in your Scion vehicle at factory fill.
In order to avoid technical problems,
only use “Toyota Super Long Life Cool-
ant” or similar high quality ethylene gly-
col based non −silicate, non− amine, non−
nitrite, and non −borate coolant with
long− life hybrid organic acid technology.
(Coolant with long −life hybrid organic
acid technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
Do not use plain water alone.
Please contact your Scion dealer for fur-
ther details.
BATTERY
Open voltage
∗ at 20 C (68 F):
12.6 – 12.8 V Fully charged
12.2 – 12.4 V Half charged
11.8 – 12.0 V Discharged
∗: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes af-
ter the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates: 5 A max.

226
CLUTCH
Pedal free play, mm (in.):5 – 15 (0.2 – 0.6)
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3
MANUAL TRANSAXLE
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp.qt.): 1.9 (2.0, 1.7)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL −4 or GL −5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W −90
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
Fluid capacity (drain and refill),
L (qt., Imp.qt.): 2.9 (3.1, 2.6)
Fluid type: Genuine ATF Type T −IV
Change automatic transmission fluid only
as necessary. Generally, it is necessary to change
automatic transmission fluid only if your
vehicle is driven under one of the Special
Operating Conditions listed in your
“Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or
“Owner ’s Manual Supplement”. When
changing the automatic transmission fluid,
use only “Genuine ATF Type T
−IV” (ATF
JWS3309 or NWS6500) to aid in assuring
optimum transaxle performance.
Notice: Using automatic transmission
fluid other than “Genuine ATF Type T
IV” may cause deterioration in shift
quality, locking up of your transmission
accompanied by vibration, and ultimate-
ly damage the automatic transmission
of your vehicle. BRAKES
Minimum pedal clearance when depressed
with the pressure of 490 N (50 kgf, 110
lbf) with the engine running, mm (in.):
50 (2.0)
Pedal free play, mm (in.): 1 – 6 (0.04 – 0.24)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when pulled with
the force of 196 N (20 kgf, 44 lbf): 6 – 9 clicks
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3
STEERING
Wheel free play: Less than 30 mm (1.2 in.)
Power steering fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON II
or III

Publication No. OM52645U
Part No. 01999-52645
Printed in Japan 01−0409 −00
xA(U)
Quick index
 If a service reminder indicator or warning buzzer comes on 83 . . . . . . . .
 If your vehicle will not start 156 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
.
 If your engine stalls while driving 159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 If your vehicle overheats 159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . .
 If you have a flat tire 160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . .
 If your vehicle needs to be towed 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 Tips for driving during break-in period 122 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 How to start the engine 148 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . .
 General maintenance 185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . .
 Complete index NO TAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . .
Gas station information
Fuel type:
UNLEADED gasoline, Octane Rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91)
or higher
See page 122 for detailed information.
Fuel tank capacity: 45 L (11.9 gal., 9.9 lmp.gal.)
Engine oil: API grade SL “Energy −Conserving” or ILSAC multigrade engine oil is
recommended.
See page 199 for detailed information.
Tire information: See pages 203 through 210.
Tire inflation pressure: See page 227.
U5
I