
Fuel
206
Prewarming fuel
The vehicle is fitted with a fuel filter prewarming system. This secures
operation of a vehicle using diesel fuel down to an environmental temper-
ature of -25°C.
Biofuel
We recommend refuelling with diesel fuel at temperatures below -10°C.
Caution
It is not permitted to add the various fuel additives on the market, including
petrol, to diesel fuel in order to improve its flow properties.
Refuelling
Refuelling procedure
Opening the fuel filler cap
– Unlock the fuel filler flap with the switch in the driver door
⇒page 44.
– Open the fuel filler flap fully.
– Unscrew the cap by turning it to the left.
– Place the cap onto the top of the fuel filler flap ⇒fig. 156 .
Closing fuel filler cap
– Screw on the cap by turning it to the right until it is heard to lock.
– Press the fuel tank flap closed.
The correct grade of fuel for your vehicle as well as the tyre size and infla-
tion pressures are stated on a sticker affixed to the inside of the fuel filler
flap. Further information on fuel ⇒page 204.
The fuel tank has a capacity of about 62 litres.
WARNING
Pay attention to any legal requirements if you do carry a spare
canister in the vehicle. We do not recommend carrying any fuel
canisters in your vehicle for safety reasons. The canister can be
damaged in the event of an accident and fuel may leak out.
Caution
•Remove any fuel which has spilled onto the paintwork of your vehicle
immediately. This particularly applies to biodiesel - risk of paint damage!
•Vehicles fitted with catalytic converter should never be allowed to let
the fuel tank to run completely empty. An irregular supply of fuel to the
Fig. 156 Filler flap with
cap unscrewed

Fuel207
Using the systemSafetyDriving TipsGeneral MaintenanceBreakdown assistanceTechnical Data
engine can result in misfiring and unburnt fuel may get into the exhaust
system, which may result in overheating and damage to the catalytic
converter.
For the sake of
the environment
The fuel tank is full just as soon as the pump nozzle switches off for the
first time, provided the nozzle has been operated properly. You should not
continue refuelling - otherwise the expansion chamber in the fuel tank will
also be filled with fuel. Fuel might flow out of the tank when it heats up.
Emergency release of fuel filler flap
If the electric lock is faulty, you can also unlock the fuel filler flap
manually.
– Open the boot lid/luggage compartment door. – Unscrew the clip attaching the right-hand side trim panel and
pull the trim panel off the body.
– Pull on the loop in direction of arrow in order to unlock the fuel filler flap ⇒fig. 157 .
WARNING
When unlocking the fuel filler flap manually, pay attention to sharp
edges of the body - risk of injury!
Fig. 157 Luggage
compartment: Emer-
gency release of fuel
filler flap

Fuses and light bulbs
254
Note
This Owner's Manual only describes the replacement of bulbs where it is
assumed that no major complications will arise. Other light bulbs should
be changed by your Škoda dealer.
Rear light unit
– Open the boot lid/luggage compartment door.
– Raise the floor covering.
– Press the catch in direction of arrow and pull out the light fixture.
– Press the defect light bulb in to the holder, turn anti-clockwise and remove. – Insert the new light bulb and turn it fully to the right.
– Insert the light bulb holder again, the plastic tongue must lock
in place.
Licence plate light
– Open the boot lid/luggage compartment door.
– Unscrew the glass cover of the light ⇒fig. 190 .
– Take the faulty bulb out of the fixture and insert a new one.
– Replace the the glass cover of the light and press it down to the stop - ensure that the glass cover is correctly installed.
– Screw the glass cover tight.
Fig. 189 Luggage
compartment: Remove
light bulb holderFig. 190 Luggage
compartment door
Licence plate light

Fuses and light bulbs257
Using the systemSafetyDriving TipsGeneral MaintenanceBreakdown assistanceTechnical Data
Lighting in storage compartment on front passenger
side
– Insert a small screwdriver into the slot next to the light
⇒fig. 195 and carefully lever out the light in the direction of
the arrow .
– Unplug the connector.
– Take the faulty bulb out of and insert a new one.
– Plug in plug.
– Insert the light and press it into the wall of the storage compartment.
Entry lighting
– Insert a small screwdriver into the slot next to the light ⇒fig. 196 and carefully lever out the light.
– Unplug plug .
– Push away the spring clip on the cover and remove the cover.
– Take the faulty bulb out of and insert a new one.
– Insert the cover again and secure it by locking it in place.
– Plug in plug.
– Insert the light from the rear and press it forwards up to the stop.
Fig. 195 Storage
compartment: Lighting
A1
Fig. 196 Inner part of
the door: Entry light
A1
A2

Index261
Index
A
Abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
ABS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Adjusting seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Adjusting front seats manually . . . . . . . . . 70
electrically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Adjusting the steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Air outlet vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Deactivating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Front airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Head airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Side airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Airbag system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Alcantara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
An overview Cockpit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Antilock Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Antilock brake system - ABS Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Anti-theft alarm system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Ashtray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Auto Check Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Auto Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Automatic gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Emergency programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Kickdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Tiptronic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Automatic seat adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Automatic vehicle wash systems . . . . . . . . . 196
Avoiding damage to your vehicle . . . . . . . . . 184
B
Before setting off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Belt tensioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Biodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Bonnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Boot lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Brake Handbrake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Brake Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Brake booster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Brake pads Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Brake system
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Button on the driver's door Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
C
Car jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
CargoFlex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
CargoFlex folding box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Catalytic converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
unlocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Changing a wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Changing bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Changing oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Changing wheels around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Charging the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Chassis number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Child safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Side airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Child safety locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Index
262
Child safety seats
ISOFIX system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Child seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 attach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Child seat protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Classification into groups . . . . . . . . . . . 168
on the front passenger seat . . . . . . . . . 166
Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Use of child seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Children and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Chrome parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Cigarette lighter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Climatronic Air outlet vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Blower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Defrosting windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
economic use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Keeping windows demisted . . . . . . . . . . 111
Operational problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Recirculated air mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Setting temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Climatronic (automatic air conditioning) . . . 109
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Clothes hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Cockpit An overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Coming Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Convenience operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Converting/masking over headlights . . . . . . 184
Cool box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
replenishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant temperature gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Coolant temperature/coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Cooling Climatronic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . 104
Correct seated position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Counter for distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Cruise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Cruise control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
D
Deactivating an airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Defrosting rear window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Defrosting windows The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . 106
De-icing windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Detachable towing device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Diesel engines Starting engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Differential Lock (EDL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Digital clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Dipstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Direction indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Door Child safety locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Drinks can holder at the front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
at the rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Driving economically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Driving time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Dynamo Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
E
EDL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Electric sliding/tilting roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Electrically adjustable rear mirror . . . . . . . . . 67
Electrically adjustable seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Electronic Differential LockWarning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Electronic Differential Lock (EDL) . . . . . . . . 177
Electronic immobiliser Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Electronic stability programme (ESP) . . . . . 175 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Index
264
Interior monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Intermittent wipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Isofix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
ISOFIX system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
J
Jacking points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Jump-starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245, 246
K
Keeping windows demisted
The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . 106
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
L
Lashing eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Leather care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Lighting of the interior of the vehicle at the front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Lights Range adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
switching them on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Warning lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Lights and Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Liquid in reservoir for windscreen washer system Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Locking
Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Locking and unlocking from inside . . . . . . . . 44
Low beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Luggage compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 CD-ROM player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Folding double hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Lashing eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Luggage rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lumbar support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
M
Main beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56, 59 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Manual gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Manual shifting of gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Memory for the on-board computer . . . . . . . 18
Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Storing and retrieving settings . . . . . . . . . 72
Mobile phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136, 138
Motoring abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Multifunction steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Operating cruise control system . . . . . . 132
Operating mobile phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Operation of radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Multi-functional indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
N
Navigation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27, 138
New tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
O
Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Onboard computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Open door Open door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Opening a single door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Operating cruise control system Multifunction steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . 132
Operating mobile phone Multifunction steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . 134
Operating the radio Multifunction steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . 133

Index265
Operation in winter
Biodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
De-icing windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Snow chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
The battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Overview of the engine compartment . . . . . 210
P
Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Paint damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Parking aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Parking light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Parking lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Passive Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Pedals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Petrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Petrol engines Starting engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Power socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95, 96
Power steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Power windows Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Operational problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Switch on the driver's door . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Switches in front passenger door and in rear doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
R
Raise vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Rear fog light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Rear seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Rear window heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Rear-view mirror
Exterior mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Interior rear-view mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Recirculated air mode Heating and ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Refrigerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Refuelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Emergency release of fuel filler flap . . . . 207
Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Synchronisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Replacing fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Replacing windscreen wiper blades . . . . . . . 66
Roof aerial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Running in the car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
S
Safe distance to steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . 116
Safe securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Safety instructions Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Safety wheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Saving electrical energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Seat belt
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Seat belt height adjuster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Seat belt warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Seat belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Belt tensioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Fasten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Height adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
taking off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Seat heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Selector lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Selector lever position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Service Interval Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Service intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Service key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Setting temperature The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . 105
Setting the clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Shifting of gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Side airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Ski bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Snow chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Spare wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237