
Accessories, changes and replacement of parts
206
Accessories, changes an d replacement of parts
Accessories and replacement parts
Škoda vehicles have been built according to the latest discoveries in
safety engineering. Thus one should not change the condition in which the
vehicle was delivered from the manufacturer without some thought.
The following guidelines should be observed when a vehicle is to be retro-
fitted with accessories, have technical changes made to it or a part has to
be replaced at some time in the future.
•Advise should always be obtained from a Škoda dealer before buying
any accessories and before making any technical changes ⇒.
•This is particularly the case when accessories are bought in a foreign
country.
•Škoda accessories which have been released for use and original
Skoda parts can be obtained from Škoda dealers. They will install them
professionally and correctly.
•All Škoda original accessories which are listed in the catalogue such
as tilting roofs, spoilers, wheels etc. must have an official stamp of
approval.
•Radios, aerials and other electrical accessories should only be
installed by an authorised workshop.
•The guidelines issued by Škoda Auto must be observed when making
technical changes.
•This is to ensure that no technical damage occurs to the vehicle, that
travelling and operating safety are maintained and that the chnages are
permissible. Škoda dealers undertake this work professionally or refer it
to an specialist company in special cases.
Any damage which is done caused by technical changes made
without consulting a Škoda Auto is excluded from the warranty.
WARNING
•We advise you, in your own interest, to only use Škoda Genuine
Accessories and Škoda original parts which have been expressly
approved for use on your Škoda. Reliability, safety and suitabiliity
have been established for these Škoda original parts.
•We cannot guarantee suitability of installation into your vehicle
of other products despite keeping a constant eye on market devel-
opments (also not in the case where there is an attestation or
permission can be produced).
Technical changes
Interference on the electronic components and their software can lead to
operational faults. This interference can also impair not directly affected
systems because of the networking of the electronic components. This
means that the operating safety of your vehicle can be considerably jeop-
ardized, a greater wear of vehicle parts can occur and finally the vehicle
registration documents expire.
We trust that you will understand that your Škoda dealer cannot be liable
for damage resulting from unprofessional work.
We therefore recommend that you have all work carried out with Škoda
original parts at your authorised Škoda dealer.

Fuses and light bulbs227
Using the systemSafetyDriving TipsGeneral MaintenanceBreakdown assistanceTechnical Data
Bulbs
Replacing bulbs
The relevant lamp must always be switched off before a light bulb is
replaced.
Do not take hold of the glass bulb with naked fingers (even the smallest
amount of dirt reduces the working life of the light bulb). Use a clean cloth,
serviette or something similar.
Defect light bulbs should only be replaced with light bulbs of the same
type. The designation is located on the light socket or the glass bulb.
Changing certain bulbs is not something which you can do yourself, but
requires to be done by a specialist. Other parts of the vehcle must be
removed in order to change the light bulbs. This applies, in particular, to
bulbs which can only be reached from the engine compartment.
We therefore recommend that you have any bulbs changed by a Škoda
dealer or, in exceptional cases, by calling on other professional assist-
ance.
Please note that the engine compartment is a hazardous area
⇒page 183, “Working in the engine compartment”.
We recommend that you carry the set of light bulbs with you which was
delivered in your vehicle. Replacement light bulbs
7) are available at
Škoda dealers.
45Radio, navigation system20
46Electrical power window (at the front on the right)25
47Not assigned
48Diesel engine - control unit, injector30
49Central locking system15
50Low beam on the right15
51Power socket in the luggage compartment15
52Ignition15
53Electrical power window (at the rear on the right)25
54Low beam on the left15
55Not assigned
56Control unit - petrol engine20
57Towing device25
58Electrical power window (at the front on the left)25
59Not assigned
60Horn for the anti-theft alarm system15
61Fuel pump - petrol engine15
62Electric sliding/tilting roof25
63Seat heaters15
64Headlight cleaning system20
65Fog lights15
66Electrical power window (at the rear on the left)25
67Not assigned
68Fresh air blower25
No.Power consumerAmperesa)For power consumers, e.g. the radio, which can be operated with the ignition
switched off as long as the ignition key is not withdrawn.
b)For vehicles with an electrical power window systemc)It is 15 amps for a vehicle with a 1.2 litre engine.

Index
240
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Clothes hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Cockpit
An overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Convenience operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Converting/masking over headlights . . . . . . 164
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 replenishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant temperature gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Coolant temperature/coolant level Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Correct seated position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Counter for distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Cruise control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
D
Deactivating an airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Defrosting rear window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Defrosting the windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Defrosting windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
De-icing the windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Detachable towing device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Diesel engines
Starting engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Digital clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Dipstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Direction indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
distance driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Door Child safety locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Door open Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Drinks can holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Driving economically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Driving time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Dynamo Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
E
EDL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Electric sliding/tilting roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Electrically adjustable rear mirror . . . . . . . . . 65
Electronic Differential Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Electronic Differential Lock (EDL) . . . . . . . . 153
Electronic immobiliser Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Electronic stability programme (ESP) . . . . . 151
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Emergency locking of the door . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Engine Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
switch off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Engine compartment Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Engine electronics Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
replenishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Engine revolutions counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Environmental compatibility . . . . . . . . . 159, 163
ESP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Exhaust gas inspection Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Exhaust gases Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Exterior mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
F
First-aid box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Index241
Fog lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 30
For the first 1 500 kilometres . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Front airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Fuel gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Petrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Fuel consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20, 159 Saving energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Fuel gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Fuel reserve Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Full wheel trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Fuse Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
G
Gearbox Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Glass roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Glow plug system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
H
Handbrake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Hazard warning light system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Hazard warning lights system . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Head restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Headlight cleaning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Headlight flasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Headlights Fog lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Headlight cleaning system . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
heated windscreen washer nozzles . . . . . . . . 61
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Heating of the external mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Heating the front seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
I
Ignition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Ignition lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Information display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Inspecting the engine oil level . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Instrument cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Instrument lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Interior light Luggage compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Interior lighting at the front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
at the rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Intermittent wipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Isofix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 ISOFIX system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
J
Jacking points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Jump-starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218, 219
K
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
L
Lashing eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Leather care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Lighting of the interior of the vehicle
at the front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Lights Converting/masking over . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Range adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
switching them on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Warning lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Lights and Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Liquid in reservoir for windscreen washer system Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 40 Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
locking Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Locking and unlocking from inside . . . . . . . . . 43

Index
242
Locking of the door
in an emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Low beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Luggage compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Folding double hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Lashing eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Luggage net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
M
Main beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54, 57 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Manual gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Manual shifting of gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Memory for the on-board computer . . . . . . . 17
Mobile phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115, 116
Motoring abroad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Multi-functional indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
N
Navigation system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
New tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Note holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
O
Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Onboard computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Opening a single door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Operation in winter Biodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
De-icing windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Snow chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
The battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Overview of the engine compartment . . . . . 185
P
Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Paint damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Parking aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Parking light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Parking lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Passive Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Pedals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Petrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Petrol engines Starting engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Power socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Power steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Power windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Central locking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Operational problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
R
Radio systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Raise vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Rear fog light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Rear seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Rear window heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Rear-view mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Recharge battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Recirculated air mode Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Refuelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Synchronisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Replacing bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Replacing fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Replacing the wiper blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Roof aerial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Running in the car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
S
Safe securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Index243
Safety instructions
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Safety wheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Saving electrical energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Seat belt height adjuster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Seat belt warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Seat belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
fasten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Height adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
taking off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Selector lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Selector lever positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Service Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Service Interval Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Setting temperature Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Setting the clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Shifting of gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Side airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Snow chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Spare wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Stability programme (ESP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Starting engine Petrol engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Diesel engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Steering force assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Storage compartment Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Storage compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Storage facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Sun visors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Switch on the driver's door Power windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Switching lights on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Switching off the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
T
Taking care of your vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
TCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Temperature Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
The air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
The automatic wiper/washer system . . . . . . . 61
The battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 193 changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Inspecting the electrolyte level . . . . . . . . 195
Operation in winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
The electronic immobiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 39
The outside temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
The radiator fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 The roof luggage rack system . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Thickness of brake pads
Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Tilting roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Towing a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Towing a vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Towing device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Towing eye at the front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
at the rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Tow-starting a vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Traction control system (TCS) . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 General Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Transporting children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Tread depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Turn signal lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Turn signal system for vehicles towing a trailer Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Turn signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Warning light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Two-way radio systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Type plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Winter tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204