(A) Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire:The United States
version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter ªLTº as
the ®rst two characters in the tire size means a light
truck tire engineered to standards set by the U. S. Tire
and Rim Association.
(B) Tire Width:The three-digit number indicates the
tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall.
(C) Aspect Ratio:A two-digit number that indicates
the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if
the tire size aspect ratio is ª75,º as shown in item ªCº of
the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is
75% as high as it is wide.(D) Construction Code:A letter code is used to
indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The
letter ªRº means radial ply construction; the letter ªDº
means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the
letter ªBº means belted-bias ply construction.
(E) Rim Diameter:Diameter of the wheel in inches.
(F) Service Description:The service description
indicates the load range and speed rating of a tire. The
load index can range from 1 to 279. Speed ratings
range from ªAº to ªZº. The light truck tire size example
above shows dual or single tire con®gurations.Tire Terminology and De®nitions
Air Pressure:The amount of air inside the tire pressing
outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure
is expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or
kilopascal (kPa).
Accessory Weight:This means the combined weight
of optional accessories. Some examples of optional
accessories are, automatic transmission, power steering,
power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air
conditioning.
Aspect Ratio:The relationship of a tire's height to its
width. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire
5-60
Belt:A rubber coated layer of cords that is located
between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made
from steel or other reinforcing materials.
Bead:The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by
steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim.
Bias Ply Tire:A pneumatic tire in which the plies are
laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread.
Cold In¯ation Pressure:The amount of air pressure in
a tire, measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or
kilopascals (kPa) before a tire has built up heat
from driving. See
In¯ation - Tire Pressure on page 5-63.
Curb Weight:This means the weight of a motor
vehicle with standard and optional equipment including
the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, but
without passengers and cargo.
DOT Markings:A code molded into the sidewall of a
tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the
U.S. Department of Transportation motor vehicle safety
standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identi®cation
Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can
also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant,
brand and date of production.
GVWR:Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, see
Loading
Your Vehicle on page 4-51.GAWR FRT:Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front
axle, see
Loading Your Vehicle on page 4-51.
GAWR RR:Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle,
see
Loading Your Vehicle on page 4-51.
Intended Outboard Sidewall:The side of an
asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when
mounted on a vehicle.
Kilopascal (kPa):The metric unit for air pressure.
There are 6.9 kPa's to one psi.
Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire:A tire used on light duty
trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles.
Load Index:An assigned number ranging
from 1 to 279 that corresponds to the load
carrying capacity of a tire.
Maximum In¯ation Pressure:The maximum air
pressure to which a cold tire may be in¯ated. The
maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall.
Maximum Load Rating:The load rating for a tire at the
maximum permissible in¯ation pressure for that tire.
Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight:The sum of curb
weight; accessory weight; vehicle capacity weight;
and production options weight.
5-61
Normal Occupant Weight:The number of occupants a
vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 150 pounds
(68 kg). See
Loading Your Vehicle on page 4-51.
Occupant Distribution:Designated seating positions.
Outward Facing Sidewall:The side of a asymmetrical
tire that has a particular side that faces outward
when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that
contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears
manufacturer, brand and or model name molding that is
higher or deeper than the same moldings on the
other sidewall of the tire.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire:A tire used on passenger
cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose
vehicles.
Recommended In¯ation Pressure:Vehicle
manufacturer's recommended tire in¯ation pressure and
shown on the tire placard. See
In¯ation - Tire Pressure
on page 5-63andLoading Your Vehicle on page 4-51.
Radial Ply tire:A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords
that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread.
Rim:A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire
beads are seated.
Sidewall:The portion of a tire between the tread and
the bead.Speed Rating:An alphanumeric code assigned to a
tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire
can operate.
Traction:The friction between the tire and the road
surface. The amount of grip provided.
Tread:The portion of a tire that comes into contact
with the road.
Treadwear Indicators:Narrow bands, sometimes
called ªwear bars,º that show across the tread of a tire
when only 2/32 inch of tread remains. See
When It
Is Time for New Tires on page 5-66.
UTQGS:Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards, a tire
information system that provides consumers with
ratings for a tire's traction, temperature and treadwear.
Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using
government testing procedures. The ratings are molded
into the sidewall of the tire. See
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading on page 5-68.
Vehicle Capacity Weight:The number of designated
seating positions multiplied by 150 lbs. (68 kg) plus
the rated cargo load. See
Loading Your Vehicle
on page 4-51.
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire:Load on an
individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight,
occupant weight and cargo weight.
5-62
Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools
{CAUTION:
Storing a jack, a tire, or other equipment in the
passenger compartment of the vehicle could
cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision,
loose equipment could strike someone. Store
all these in the proper place.1. Store your vehicle's ¯at or spare tire by mounting it
on the tailgate.
Notice:Ensure that the wheel balance weight is on
the lower left section of the tire in order to allow
proper installation of the spare wheel cover.
2. Put the top two wheel nuts back on with the wheel
wrench.
3. Put the spare tire cover back on, if equipped. Using
the wheel wrench, put the wheel cover nut back on.
4. Put the spare wheel lock back on, if equipped and
lock it.
5. Put the jack, jack handle and wheel wrench back
into the storage area.
To stow the jack, place it in the storage bracket and
turn the shaft clockwise until the jack is securely held in
place. Reinstall the trim cover by inserting the cover
tabs into the slots. Push the cover closed and turn the
knob clockwise to secure the cover.
5-84
Tires (cont.)
Wheel Replacement.....................................5-70
When It Is Time for New Tires......................5-66
To Use the Engine Coolant Heater....................2-15
Top Strap......................................................1-39
Top Strap Anchor Location...............................1-41
Torque Lock...................................................2-26
Total Weight on Your Vehicle's Tires..................4-59
Towing
Recreational Vehicle.....................................4-47
Towing a Trailer..........................................4-57
Your Vehicle...............................................4-47
Trailer Brakes.................................................4-60
Transfer Case........................................2-22, 5-49
Transmission
Fluid, Automatic...........................................5-20
Fluid, Manual..............................................5-23
Transmission Operation, Automatic....................2-16
Transmission Operation, Manual........................2-20
Transmission, Transaxle, Transfer Case Unit
Repair Manual............................................7-11
Transportation Options...................................... 7-7
Traveling to Remote Areas...............................4-18
Trip Odometer................................................3-28
Turn and Lane-Change Signals.......................... 3-6
Turn Signal/Multifunction Lever........................... 3-6
Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer..................4-62U
Underbody Flushing Service.............................6-27
Understanding Radio Reception........................3-45
Uniform Tire Quality Grading............................5-68
United States ± Customer Assistance.................. 7-4
Used Replacement Wheels..............................5-71
Using Cleaner on Fabric..................................5-86
Using the Rear Door Security Lock..................... 2-8
Using the Recovery Hooks...............................4-45
V
Vehicle
Control........................................................ 4-7
Damage Warnings........................................... iv
Design......................................................... 4-3
Loading......................................................4-51
Parking Your...............................................2-28
Symbols......................................................... iv
Vehicle Data Collection and Event Data
Records....................................................... 7-9
Vehicle Identi®cation
Number (VIN).............................................5-93
Service Parts Identi®cation Label...................5-93
Vehicle Storage..............................................5-42
Ventilation Adjustment......................................3-22
Visor Vanity Mirror..........................................2-11
Visors...........................................................2-11
13
W
Warning Lights, Gages and Indicators................3-26
Warnings
Hazard Warning Flashers............................... 3-4
Other Warning Devices.................................. 3-5
Safety and Symbols......................................... iii
Vehicle Damage.............................................. iv
Washing Your Vehicle......................................5-89
Weatherstrip Lubrication...................................6-25
Weight of the Trailer........................................4-58
Weight of the Trailer Tongue.............................4-59
What Kind of Engine Oil to Use........................5-15
What to Do with Used Oil................................5-17
What to Use..................................5-25, 5-37, 5-48
Wheels
Alignment and Tire Balance..........................5-69
Replacement...............................................5-70
When to Add Engine Oil..................................5-14
When to Change Engine Oil.............................5-17
When to Check..............................................5-63
When to Check and Change....................5-20, 5-23
When to Check and Change Lubricant...............5-48When to Check and What to Use.....................5-24
When to Check Power Steering Fluid................5-37
When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter.....5-18
When You Are Ready to Leave After Parking on
a Hill.........................................................4-64
Where to Put the Restraint...............................1-38
Why Safety Belts Work....................................1-10
Window Lock.................................................2-11
Windows.......................................................2-10
Manual......................................................2-11
Power........................................................2-11
Windshield Washer........................................... 3-8
Fluid..........................................................5-37
Windshield Washer Fluid Level Check................6-24
Windshield Wipers............................................ 3-7
Winter Driving................................................4-40
Wiper Blade Check.........................................6-25
Y
Your Driving, the Road, and Your Vehicle............. 4-2
Your Vehicle and the Environment....................... 6-2
14