2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL change time

FOREWORD
This manual contains maintenance and repair procedures for the NISSAN
X-TRAIL, model T30 series.
In order to assure your safety and the efficient functioning of the vehicle,
this manual should be read thoroughly. It is especially important that the
PRECAUTIONS in the GI section be completely understood before starting
any repair task.
All information in this manual is based on the latest product information
at the time of publication. The right is reserved to make changes in speci-
fications and methods at any time without notice.
IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE
The proper performance of service is essential for both the safety of the
technician and the efficient functioning of the vehicle.
The service methods in this Service Manual are described in such a man-
ner that the service may be performed safely and accurately.
Service varies with the procedures used, the skills of the technician and the
tools and parts available. Accordingly, anyone using service procedures,
tools or parts which are not specifically recommended by NISSAN must
first be completely satisfied that neither personal safety nor the vehicle's
safety will be jeopardized by the service method selected.
NISSAN EUROPE S.A.S.
Service Operations SectionParis, France

GI-6
PRECAUTIONS

CAUTION:

Do not use home heating oil, gasoline or other alternate fuels in your diesel engine. The use of
those can cause engine damage.

Do not use summer fuel at temperatures below –7°C (20°F). The cold temperatures will cause wax
to form in the fuel. As a result, it may prevent the engine from running smoothly.

Do not add gasoline or other alternate fuels to diesel fuel.
Precautions for Multiport Fuel Injection System or Engine Control SystemEAS000FT

Before connecting or disconnecting any harness connector for
the multiport fuel injection system or ECM:
Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
Disconnect negative battery terminal.
Otherwise, there may be damage to ECM.

Before disconnecting pressurized fuel line from fuel pump to
injectors, be sure to release fuel pressure.

Be careful not to jar components such as ECM and mass air
flow sensor.
Precautions for Turbocharger (If Equipped)EAS000FU
The turbocharger turbine revolves at extremely high speeds and
becomes very hot. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a clean sup-
ply of oil flowing through the turbocharger and to follow all required
maintenance instructions and operating procedures.

Always use the recommended oil. Follow the instructions for
proper time to change the oil and proper oil level.

Avoid accelerating engine to a high rpm immediately after start-
ing.

If engine had been operating at high rpm for an extended period
of time, let it idle for a few minutes prior to shutting if off.
Precautions for HosesEAS000FV
HOSE REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

To prevent damage to rubber hose, do not pry off rubber hose
with tapered tool or screwdriver.

To reinstall the rubber hose securely, make sure that hose inser-
tion length and orientation is correct. (If tube is equipped with
hose stopper, insert rubber hose into tube until it butts up
against hose stopper.)
SGI787
SGI292
SMA019D
SMA020D

GI-26
SERVICE INFORMATION FOR ELECTRICAL INCIDENT

Cold or Hot Start Up
On some occasions an electrical incident may occur only when the car is started cold, or it may occur when
the car is restarted hot shortly after being turned off. In these cases you may have to keep the car overnight to
make a proper diagnosis.
CIRCUIT INSPECTION
Introduction
In general, testing electrical circuits is an easy task if it is approached in a logical and organized method.
Before beginning it is important to have all available information on the system to be tested. Also, get a thor-
ough understanding of system operation. Then you will be able to use the appropriate equipment and follow
the correct test procedure.
You may have to simulate vehicle vibrations while testing electrical components. Gently shake the wiring har-
ness or electrical component to do this.
NOTE:
Refer to “How to Check Terminal” to probe or check terminal.
Testing for “Opens” in the Circuit
Before you begin to diagnose and test the system, you should rough sketch a schematic of the system. This
will help you to logically walk through the diagnosis process. Drawing the sketch will also reinforce your work-
ing knowledge of the system.
CONTINUITY CHECK METHOD
The continuity check is used to find an open in the circuit. The digital multimeter (DMM) set on the resistance
function will indicate an open circuit as over limit (no beep tone or no ohms symbol). Make sure to always start
with the DMM at the highest resistance level.
To help in understanding the diagnosis of open circuits, please refer to the previous schematic.

Disconnect the battery negative cable.

Start at one end of the circuit and work your way to the other end. (At the fuse block in this example)

Connect one probe of the DMM to the fuse block terminal on the load side.

Connect the other probe to the fuse block (power) side of SW1. Little or no resistance will indicate that
portion of the circuit has good continuity. If there were an open in the circuit, the DMM would indicate an
over limit or infinite resistance condition. (point A)

Connect the probes between SW1 and the relay. Little or no resistance will indicate that portion of the cir-
cuit has good continuity. If there were an open in the circuit, the DMM would indicate an over limit or infi-
nite resistance condition. (point B)

Connect the probes between the relay and the solenoid. Little or no resistance will indicate that portion of
the circuit has good continuity. If there were an open in the circuit, the DMM would indicate an over limit or
infinite resistance condition. (point C)
Any circuit can be diagnosed using the approach in the previous example.
OPENA circuit is open when there is no continuity through a section of the circuit.
SHORTThere are two types of shorts.

SHORT CIRCUITWhen a circuit contacts another circuit and causes the normal resistance to
change.

SHORT TO GROUND When a circuit contacts a ground source and grounds the circuit.
SGI846-A

GI-36
LIFTING POINT

LIFTING POINTPFP:00000
Special Service Tools EAS000FH
CAUTION:

Every time the vehicle is lifted up, maintain the complete vehicle curb condition.

Since the vehicle's center of gravity changes when removing main parts on the front side (engine,
transmission, suspension etc.), support a jack up point on the rear side garage jack with a mission
jack or equivalent.

Since the vehicle's center of gravity changes when removing main parts on the rear side (rear axle,
suspension, etc.), support a jack up point on the front side garage jack with a mission jack or
equivalent.

Be careful not to smash or do not do anything that would affect piping parts.
Garage Jack and Safety Stand EAS000FI
WARNING:

Park the vehicle on a level surface when using the jack. Make sure to avoid damaging pipes,
tubes, etc. under the vehicle.

Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by the jack. Always use safety stands when
you have to get under the vehicle.
Tool number
Tool nameDescription
LM4086-0200
Board on lift attachment
LM4519-0000
Safety stand attachment
S-NT001
S-NT002

ENGINE OIL
LU-9
[QR]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
LU

3. Loosen oil filler cap and then remove drain plug.
4. Drain engine oil.
5. Install drain plug with new washer. Refer to EM-25, "
OIL PAN
AND OIL STRAINER" .
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean drain plug and install with new washer.
6. Refill with new engine oil.
Engine oil specification and viscosity:
Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .
Engine oil capacity (Approximate):
Unit: (lmp qt)
CAUTION:

The refill capacity depends on the engine oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifica-
tions for reference only.

Always use oil level gauge to the determine when the proper amount of engine oil is in the
engine.
7. Warm up engine and check area around drain plug and oil filter for oil leakage.
8. Stop engine and wait for 10 minutes.
9. Check the engine oil level. Refer to LU-7, "
ENGINE OIL LEVEL" . Oil pan drain plug:
: 34.3 N·m (3.5 kg-m, 25 ft-lb)
PBIC2410E
Drain and refill With oil filter change 3.9 (3-3/8)
Without oil filter change 3.5 (3-1/8)
Dry engine (Overhaul)4.5 (4)

LU-22
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE OIL

3. Loosen oil filler cap and then remove drain plug.
4. Drain engine oil.
5. Install drain plug with new washer. Refer to EM-147, "
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER" .
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean drain plug and install with new washer.
6. Refill with new engine oil.
Engine oil specification and viscosity:
Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .
Engine oil capacity (Approximate):
Unit: (lmp qt)
CAUTION:

The refill capacity depends on the engine oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifica-
tions for reference only.

Always use the oil level gauge to determine when the proper amount of engine oil is in the
engine.
7. Warm up engine and check area around drain plug and oil filter for oil leakage.
8. Stop engine and wait for 10 minutes.
9. Check the engine oil level. Refer to LU-20, "
ENGINE OIL LEVEL" .
PBIC0527E
Oil pan drain plug:
: 34 N·m (3.5 kg-m, 25 ft-lb)
Drain and refill With oil filter change 5.2 (4-5/8)
Without oil filter change 4.9 (4-3/8)
Dry engine (Overhaul)6.3 (5-1/2)

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-35
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EC

*2: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*3: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the length of
time the valve remains open (injection pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a program value in the
ECM memory. The program value is preset by engine operating conditions. These conditions are determined
by input signals (for engine speed and intake air) from both the crankshaft position sensor and the mass air
flow sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
In addition, the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance under various operat-
ing conditions as listed below.


During warm-up

When starting the engine

During acceleration

Hot-engine operation

When selector lever is changed from N to D (A/T models)

High-load, high-speed operation


During deceleration

During high engine speed operation
MIXTURE RATIO FEEDBACK CONTROL (CLOSED LOOP CONTROL)
The mixture ratio feedback system provides the best air-fuel mixture ratio for driveability and emission control.
The three way catalyst (manifold) can then better reduce CO, HC and NOx emissions. This system uses
heated oxygen sensor 1 in the exhaust manifold to monitor whether the engine operation is rich or lean. The
ECM adjusts the injection pulse width according to the sensor voltage signal. For more information about
heated oxygen sensor 1, refer to EC-176
. This maintains the mixture ratio within the range of stoichiometric
(ideal air-fuel mixture).
This stage is referred to as the closed loop control condition.
Heated oxygen sensor 2 is located downstream of the three way catalyst (manifold). Even if the switching
characteristics of heated oxygen sensor 1 shift, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to stoichiometric by the signal
from heated oxygen sensor 2.
Open Loop Control
The open loop system condition refers to when the ECM detects any of the following conditions. Feedback
control stops in order to maintain stabilized fuel combustion.

Deceleration and acceleration

High-load, high-speed operation

Malfunction of heated oxygen sensor 1 or its circuit

Insufficient activation of heated oxygen sensor 1 at low engine coolant temperature

High engine coolant temperature

During warm-up

After shifting from N to D (A/T models)
PBIB0121E

EC-36
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM


When starting the engine
MIXTURE RATIO SELF-LEARNING CONTROL
The mixture ratio feedback control system monitors the mixture ratio signal transmitted from heated oxygen
sensor 1. This feedback signal is then sent to the ECM. The ECM controls the basic mixture ratio as close to
the theoretical mixture ratio as possible. However, the basic mixture ratio is not necessarily controlled as orig-
inally designed. Both manufacturing differences (i.e., mass air flow sensor hot wire) and characteristic
changes during operation (i.e., injector clogging) directly affect mixture ratio.
Accordingly, the difference between the basic and theoretical mixture ratios is monitored in this system. This is
then computed in terms of “injection pulse duration” to automatically compensate for the difference between
the two ratios.
“Fuel trim” refers to the feedback compensation value compared against the basic injection duration. Fuel trim
includes short term fuel trim and long term fuel trim.
“Short term fuel trim” is the short-term fuel compensation used to maintain the mixture ratio at its theoretical
value. The signal from heated oxygen sensor 1 indicates whether the mixture ratio is RICH or LEAN compared
to the theoretical value. The signal then triggers a reduction in fuel volume if the mixture ratio is rich, and an
increase in fuel volume if it is lean.
“Long term fuel trim” is overall fuel compensation carried out long-term to compensate for continual deviation
of the short term fuel trim from the central value. Such deviation will occur due to individual engine differences,
wear over time and changes in the usage environment.
FUEL INJECTION TIMING
Two types of systems are used.
Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection System
Fuel is injected into each cylinder during each engine cycle according to the firing order. This system is used
when the engine is running.
Simultaneous Multiport Fuel Injection System
Fuel is injected simultaneously into all four cylinders twice each engine cycle. In other words, pulse signals of
the same width are simultaneously transmitted from the ECM.
The four injectors will then receive the signals two times for each engine cycle.
This system is used when the engine is being started and/or if the fail-safe system (CPU) is operating.
FUEL SHUT-OFF
Fuel to each cylinder is cut off during deceleration or operation of the engine at excessively high speeds.
SEF337W