2003 NISSAN ALMERA N16 Engine Control

Edition: August 2003
Release: October 2003 (01)
Publication No.: SM3E00-1N16E1E
Reference No.: 7711347018
GENERAL INFORMATIONGI
MAINTENANCEMA
ENGINE MECHANICAL – QGEM-QG
ENGINE MECHANICAL – YDEM-YD
ENGINE LUBRICATION &
COOLING SYSTEMSLC
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM – QGEC - QG
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM – YDEC - YD
ACCELERATOR CONTROL,
FUEL & EXHAUST SYSTEMSFE
CLUTCHCL
MANUAL TRANSAXLEMT
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLEAT
FRONT & REAR AXLEAX
FRONT & REAR SUSPENSIONSU
BRAKE SYSTEMBR
STEERING SYSTEMST
RESTRAINT SYSTEMRS
BODY & TRIMBT
HEATER & MANUAL AIR CONDITIONERHA
AUTOMATIC AIR CONDITIONERATC
STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEMSSC
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMEL
ALPHABETICAL INDEXIDX
ALMERA
MODEL N16 SERIES
NISSAN EUROPE S.A.S.
© 2003 NISSAN EUROPE S.A.S.
Produced in The Netherlands
Not to be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of
Nissan Europe S.A.S., Paris, France.
QUICK REFERENCE INDEX

GENERAL INFORMATION
SECTION
GI
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[3
Precautions <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011[..............3
PRECAUTIONS FOR SUPPLEMENTAL
RESTRAINT SYSTEM (SRS)″AIR BAG″AND
″SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER″
.................................3
PRECAUTIONS FOR NATS (NISSAN ANTI-THEFT
SYSTEM)
<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[...3
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS.........................................4
PRECAUTIONS FOR MULTIPORT FUEL
INJECTION SYSTEM OR ENGINE CONTROL
SYSTEM
<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[....6
PRECAUTIONS FOR THREE WAY CATALYST...........6
PRECAUTIONS FOR HOSES.....................................6
PRECAUTIONS FOR ENGINE OILS...........................7
PRECAUTIONS FOR FUEL........................................8
PRECAUTIONS FOR AIR CONDITIONING..................9
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL......................................10
HOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMS..........................12
Sample/Wiring Diagram - EXAMPL - ........................12
OPTIONAL SPLICE..................................................13
Description <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011[.............14
CONNECTOR SYMBOLS.........................................16
HARNESS INDICATION...........................................17
COMPONENT INDICATION......................................17
SWITCH POSITIONS...............................................17
DETECTABLE LINES AND NON-DETECTABLE
LINES
<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[......18
MULTIPLE SWITCH.................................................19
REFERENCE AREA.................................................20
HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSES
FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT...............................22
Work Flow <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011001100110011[...........22
Incident Simulation Tests ...........................................23
INTRODUCTION<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011>3
VEHICLE VIBRATION..............................................23
HEAT SENSITIVE<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011>4
FREEZING<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
1100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011>24
WATER INTRUSION................................................25
ELECTRICAL LOAD.................................................25
COLD OR HOT START UP.......................................25
Circuit Inspection .......................................................25
INTRODUCTION<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011>5
TESTING FOR″OPENS″IN THE CIRCUIT................26
TESTING FOR″SHORTS″IN THE CIRCUIT..............27
GROUND INSPECTION...........................................28
VOLTAGE DROP TESTS..........................................28
CONTROL UNIT CIRCUIT TEST...............................30
HOW TO FOLLOW TROUBLE DIAGNOSES...............32
How to Follow Test Groups in Trouble Diagnoses ....33
Key to Symbols Signifying Measurements or
Procedures<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
1100110011[............34
CONSULT-II CHECKING SYSTEM...............................36
Function and System Application ..............................36
Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Replacement...............37
Checking Equipment..................................................37
CONSULT-II Data Link Connector (DLC) Circuit ......38
INSPECTION PROCEDURE.....................................38
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION................................39
Model Variation ..........................................................39
FOR EUROPE<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011>9
FOR AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND SOUTH
AFRICA
<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[....39
PREFIX AND SUFFIX DESIGNATIONS.....................40
Identification Number .................................................40
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
ARRANGEMENT
<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
1100110011>1
IDENTIFICATION PLATE..........................................41
ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER.......................................42
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE NUMBER........................42
MANUAL TRANSAXLE NUMBER..............................43
Dimensions <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
1100110011[...........44
Wheels and Tires .......................................................44
LIFTING POINTS AND TOW TRUCK TOWING...........45
Preparation <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011[............45
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS......................................45
Board-on Lift <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11[...........45
Garage Jack and Safety Stand .................................46
2-pole Lift <0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
1100110011[..............47
Tow Truck Towing ......................................................48
TOWING AN AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE MODEL
WITH FOUR WHEELS ON GROUND
........................48
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Do not attempt to top off the fuel tank after the fuel pump nozzle
shuts off automatically. Continued refueling may cause fuel
overflow, resulting in fuel spray and possibly a fire.
WARNING:
To prevent ECM from storing the diagnostic trouble codes, do
not carelessly disconnect the harness connectors which are
related to the engine control system and TCM (Transmission
Control Module) system. The connectors should be discon-
nected only when working according to the WORK FLOW of
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES in EC and AT sections.
SGI787
PRECAUTIONS FOR MULTIPORT FUEL INJECTION
SYSTEM OR ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
NJGI0001S04Before connecting or disconnecting any harness connector for
the multiport fuel injection system or ECM:
Turn ignition switch to “OFF” position.
Disconnect negative battery terminal.
Otherwise, there may be damage to ECM.
Before disconnecting pressurized fuel line from fuel pump to
injectors, be sure to release fuel pressure.
Be careful not to jar components such as ECM and mass air
flow sensor.
PRECAUTIONS FOR THREE WAY CATALYSTNJGI0001S05If a large amount of unburned fuel flows into the catalyst, the cata-
lyst temperature will be excessively high. To prevent this, follow the
instructions below:
Use unleaded gasoline only. Leaded gasoline will seriously
damage the three way catalyst.
When checking for ignition spark or measuring engine
compression, make tests quickly and only when necessary.
Do not run engine when the fuel tank level is low, otherwise the
engine may misfire, causing damage to the catalyst.
Do not place the vehicle on flammable material. Keep flammable
material off the exhaust pipe and the three way catalyst.
SMA019D
PRECAUTIONS FOR HOSESNJGI0001S06Hose Removal and InstallationNJGI0001S0601To prevent damage to rubber hose, do not pry off rubber hose
with tapered tool or screwdriver.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions (Cont’d)
GI-6

NJGI0007
Function and System ApplicationNJGI0007S05
Diagnostic
test modeFunction ENGINE A/T ABS AIR BAGSMART
EN-
TRANCENATS*1NAVIGA-
TION
Work sup-
portThis mode enables a technician to
adjust some devices faster and
more accurate by following the indi-
cations on CONSULT-II.x ———X——
Self-diag-
nostic
resultsSelf-diagnostic results can be read
anderasedquickly. x x x x—x—
Trouble
diagnostic
recordCurrent self-diagnostic results and
all trouble diagnostic records previ-
ously stored can be read.——— x ———
ECU dis-
criminated
No.Classification number of a replace-
ment ECU can be read to prevent
an incorrect ECU from being
installed.——— x ———
Data monitorInput/Output data in the ECU
(ECM) can be read.x x x—x——
Data monitor
(Spec.)The specified values will be dis-
played when an OK/NG judgement
is difficult for the DATA MONITOR
items by Barchart and Line Graph.X ——————
DTC work
supportThis mode enables a technician to
set operating conditions to confirm
self-diagnoses status/results.x*2x —————
Active testDiagnostic Test Mode in which
CONSULT-II drives some actuators
apart from the ECMs and also
shifts some parameters in a speci-
fied range.x—x—x——
ECU (ECM)
part numberECU (ECM) part number can be
read.x x x ————
Control unit
initializationAll registered ignition key IDs in
NATS components can be initial-
ized and new IDs can be regis-
tered.————— x —
PIN
INITIALIZA-
TIONNavigation system will be locked
when the vehicle’s owner enters
the wrong PIN five consecutive
times.
To release the lock, use “PIN INI-
TIALIZATION”.—————— x
NAVI ID
INITIALIZA-
TIONIn nomal times regulation codes are
being communicated between Navi-
gation Control Unit and Dongle
Control Unit.
Use “NAVI ID INITIALIZATION” to
match the codes when either one
has been replaced due to break-
down or etc.—————— x
x: Applicable
*1: NATS (Nissan Anti-Theft System)
*2: For models with Euro-OBD system
CONSULT-II CHECKING SYSTEM
Function and System Application
GI-36

NJGI0011
ISO 15031-2NJGI0011S01All emission related terms used in this publication in accordance with ISO15031-2 are listed. Accordingly, new
terms, new acronyms/abbreviations and old terms are listed in the following chart.
***: Not applicable
NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Air cleaner ACL Air cleaner
Barometric pressure sensor BARO sensor ***
Barometric pressure sensor-BCDD BAROS-BCDD BCDD
Camshaft position CMP ***
Camshaft position sensor CMPS Crank angle sensor
Canister *** Canister
Carburetor CARB Carburetor
Charge air cooler CAC Intercooler
Closed loop CL Closed loop
Closed throttle position switch CTP switch Idle switch
Clutch pedal position switch CPP switch Clutch switch
Continuous fuel injection system CFI system ***
Continuous trap oxidizer system CTOX system ***
Crankshaft position CKP ***
Crankshaft position sensor CKPS ***
Data link connector DLC Diagnostic connector for CONSULT
Diagnostic test mode DTM Diagnostic mode
Diagnostic test mode selector DTM selector Diagnostic mode selector
Diagnostic test mode I DTM I Mode I
Diagnostic test mode II DTM II Mode II
Diagnostic trouble code DTC Malfunction code
Direct fuel injection system DFI system ***
Distributor ignition system DI system Ignition timing control
Early fuel evaporation-mixture heater EFE-mixture heater Mixture heater
Early fuel evaporation system EFE system Mixture heater control
Electrically erasable programmable read
only memoryEEPROM ***
Electronic ignition system EI system Ignition timing control
Engine control EC ***
Engine control module ECM ECCS control unit
Engine coolant temperature ECT Engine temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor ECTS Engine temperature sensor
Engine modification EM ***
Engine speed RPM Engine speedMA
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ISO 15031-2 TERMINOLOGY LIST
ISO 15031-2
GI-51

NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Malfunction indicator MI Check engine light
Manifold absolute pressure MAP ***
Manifold absolute pressure sensor MAPS ***
Manifold differential pressure MDP ***
Manifold differential pressure sensor MDPS ***
Manifold surface temperature MST ***
Manifold surface temperature sensor MSTS ***
Manifold vacuum zone MVZ ***
Manifold vacuum zone sensor MVZS ***
Mass air flow sensor MAFS Air flow meter
Mixture control solenoid valve MC solenoid valve Air-fuel ratio control solenoid valve
Multiport fuel injection system MFI system Fuel injection control
Nonvolatile random access memory NVRAM ***
On board diagnostic system OBD system Self-diagnoses
Open loop OL Open loop
Oxidation catalyst OC Catalyst
Oxidation catalytic converter system OC system ***
Oxygen sensor O2S Exhaust gas sensor
Park position switch *** Park switch
Park/neutral position switch PNP switch Park/neutral switch
Inhibitor switch
Neutral position switch
Periodic trap oxidizer system PTOX system ***
Positive crankcase ventilation PCV Positive crankcase ventilation
Positive crankcase ventilation valve PCV valve PCV valve
Powertrain control module PCM ***
Programmable read only memory PROM ***
Pulsed secondary air injection control
solenoid valvePAIRC solenoid valve AIV control solenoid valve
Pulsed secondary air injection system PAIR system Air induction valve (AIV) control
Pulsed secondary air injection valve PAIR valve Air induction valve
Random access memory RAM ***
Read only memory ROM ***
Scan tool ST ***
Secondary air injection pump AIR pump ***
Secondary air injection system AIR system ***
Sequential multiport fuel injection system SFI system Sequential fuel injection
Service reminder indicator SRI ***
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ISO 15031-2 TERMINOLOGY LIST
ISO 15031-2 (Cont’d)
GI-53

MAINTENANCE
SECTION
MA
CONTENTS
PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION ITEMS............................2
GENERAL MAINTENANCE............................................3
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (EXCEPT FOR
EUROPE)<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011[..........4
Engine and Emission Control Maintenance
(Gasoline engine) ........................................................4
Chassis and Body Maintenance ..................................5
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions ..........6
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE).................7
Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines
(Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year) ............................7
QG15DE/QG18DE ENGINES......................................7
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE........................8
Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines
(Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year) ............................9
YD22DDT ENGINE<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
110011>9
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE......................10
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions
(Annual Driving Distance < 30,000 km/year) ............ 11Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines
(Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year) ..........................13
QG15DE/QG18DE ENGINES....................................13
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE......................14
Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines
(Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year) ..........................15
YD22DDT ENGINE..................................................15
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE......................16
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions
(Annual Driving Distance > 30,000 km/year) ............17
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS...........19
Fluids and Lubricants ................................................19
SAE Viscosity Number ..............................................20
GASOLINE ENGINE.................................................20
DIESEL ENGINE<0011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100
11001100110011>0
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio....................................21
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NJMA0036
Shown below are Pre-delivery Inspection Items required for the new vehicle. It is recommended that
necessary items other than those listed here be added, paying due regard tothe conditions in each
country.
Perform applicable items on each model. Consult text of this section for specifications.
UNDER HOOD — engine off
Radiator coolant level and coolant hose connections for leaks
Battery fluid level, specific gravity and conditions of battery terminals
Drive belts tension
Fuel filter for water or dusts (Diesel only), and fuel lines and connections for leaks
Engine oil level and oil leaks
Clutch and brake reservoir fluid level and fluid lines for leaks
Windshield and rear window washer and headlamp cleaner reservoir fluid level
Power steering reservoir fluid level and hose connections for leaks
ON INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
Remove front spring/strut spacer (If applicable)
Operation of all instruments, gauges, lights and accessories
Operation of horn(s), wiper and washer
Steering lock for operation
Check air conditioner for gas leaks
Front and rear seats, and seat belts for operation
All moldings, trims and fittings for fit and alignment
All windows for operation and alignment
Hood, trunk lid, door panels for fit and alignment
Latches, keys and locks for operation
Weatherstrips for adhesion and fit
Headlamp aiming
Tighten wheel nuts (Inc. inner nuts if applicable)
Tire pressure (Inc. spare tire)
Check front wheels for toe-in
Install clock/voltmeter/room lamp fuse (If applicable)
Install deodorizing filter to air conditioner (If applicable)
Remove wiper blade protectors (If applicable)
UNDER BODY
Manual transmission/transaxle, transfer and differential gear oil level
Brake and fuel lines and oil/fluid reservoirs for leaks
Tighten bolts and nuts of steering linkage and gear box, suspension, propeller shafts and drive shafts
Tighten rear body bolts and nuts (Models with wooden bed only)
ROAD TEST
Clutch operation
Parking brake operation
Service brake operation
Automatic transmission/transaxle shift timing and kickdown
Steering control and returnability
Engine performance
Squeaks and rattles
ENGINE OPERATING AND HOT
Adjust idle speed
Automatic transmission/transaxle fluid level
Engine idling and stop knob operation (Diesel only)
FINAL INSPECTION
Install necessary parts (outside mirror, wheel covers, seat belts, mat, carpet or mud flaps)
Inspect for interior and exterior metal and paint damage
Check for spare tire, jack, tools (wheel chock), and literature
Wash, clean interior and exterior
: Not applicable to this model
PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION ITEMS
MA-2