Page 91 of 386

2-16 Engine Starter Over-Crank Protection
(If Equipped)
Your vehicle may have an engine starter over-crank
protection system. If the starter motor overheats and
shuts off due to over
-cranking, the motor must cool
down before it will reset and allow starter operation.
It can take up to six minutes before the starter will
work again.
Starting Your Gasoline Engine
Engines start differently. The 8th digit of your Vehicle
Identification Number (VIN) shows the code letter for
your engine. See ªVehicle Identification Numberº in
the Index. Follow the proper steps to start the engine.
To start a diesel engine, see ªStarting Your Diesel
Engineº in the Index.
Automatic Transmission
Set the parking brake and move your shift lever to
NEUTRAL (N) or PARK (P) if so equipped. Your
engine won't start in any other position
-- that's a
safety feature.
Manual Transmission
Set the parking brake, shift to neutral and hold the clutch
pedal to the floor while starting the engine.
Starter Motor Operation
The starter motor will disengage if you release
the key or the engine reaches a predetermined
engine speed.
To prevent overheating, the starter motor will
disengage after continuously operating for
15 seconds. You must release the key from the
start position to re
-engage the starter.
The starter motor will not engage if the engine is
already running.
The starter motor will disengage if, after
two seconds, the starter pinion gear does not
engage the flywheel or there is no engine rpm
signal from the engine speed sensor.
Page 100 of 386

2-25
NOTICE:
If the wait to start light stays on, it means that
your vehicle could have one of several problems,
so you should have it serviced right away.
3. If the engine does not start after 15 seconds of
cranking, turn the ignition key to OFF. Wait
one minute for the starter to cool, then try the
same steps again.
If you're trying to start your engine after you've run
out of fuel, follow the steps in ªRunning Out of Fuel.º
See ªDiesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel Systemº in
the Index.
When your engine is cold, let it run for a few minutes
before you move your vehicle. This lets oil pressure
build up. Your engine will sound louder when it's cold.
NOTICE:
If you're not in an idling vehicle and the engine
overheats, you wouldn't be there to see the
overheated engine condition. This could damage
your vehicle. Don't let your engine run when
you're not in your vehicle.
Cold Weather Starting (Diesel Engine)
The following tips will help you get good starting in
cold weather.
Use the recommended engine oil when the outside
temperature drops below freezing. See ªEngine Oilº in
the Index. When the outside temperature drops below
0F (
-18C), use of the engine coolant heater is
recommended.
If you experience longer cranking times, notice an
unusual amount of exhaust smoke or are at higher
altitudes (over 7,000 ft. or 2 135 m), you may use your
engine coolant heater. See ªEngine Coolant Heaterº in
the Index.
See ªDiesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel Systemº in the
Index for information on what fuel to use in cold weather.
Page 102 of 386

2-27
Engine Checks Before Operating
When you've started your engine, let it run for 20 to
30 seconds before you put a load on the engine. But
don't leave the vehicle while the engine is running.
Avoid unnecessary idling of diesel engine equipped
vehicles.
If the engine idles too long, the temperature of the
engine coolant will fall below the normal operating
range. Low engine operating temperature causes several
conditions which affect engine operation and reduce
engine life.
The engine should be permitted to go through a
warm
-up period. Operate the vehicle at a minimum of
600 rpm during the warm
-up period. During this period
and during operation, the following observations should
be made.
During this warm
-up period, check your warning lights
and gages:
If oil pressure doesn't begin to rise within
15 seconds of starting, stop the engine and
find the cause.If the engine coolant temperature gage needle goes
into the hot area on the gage, stop the engine and
find the cause of the overheating.
If you have air brakes, the dual
-needle air pressure
gage should read at least 115 psi (790 kPa) for both
service systems before you try to move the vehicle.
When air pressure is below 60 psi (420 kPa), the
LOW AIR light will come on and you will hear a
tone alarm. If the pressure doesn't build up or
drops during warm
-up, stop the engine and find
the cause before you try to move the vehicle.
Recommended air pressure before actually driving
away is 120 psi (830 kPa).
The charging system light should come on when
the ignition key is turned to RUN or START and
should go out when the engine is running above idle.
If the light doesn't go out or comes back on during
normal engine operation, have the charging system
checked right away. (This light tells you if the
generator is not charging; it doesn't reflect the
condition of the battery.)
Page 104 of 386

2-29 To Use the Engine Coolant Heater
1. Turn off the engine.
2. Find the plug
-in receptacle (either behind the front
bumper or in the component box).
3. Plug a heavy
-duty, three-prong extension cord
(rated for at least 15 amps) into the vehicle's plug
-in
receptacle first. Then plug the extension cord into a
normal, grounded 110
-volt AC outlet.
CAUTION:
Plugging the cord into an ungrounded outlet
could cause an electrical shock. Also, the wrong
kind of extension cord could overheat and cause
a fire. You could be seriously injured. Plug the
cord into a properly grounded three
-prong
11 0
-volt AC outlet. Use a heavy-duty three-prong
extension cord rated for at least 15 amps.
4. Before starting the engine, be sure to unplug
the cord.
How long should you keep the coolant heater plugged
in? The answer depends on the outside temperature.
From 32F to
-10F (0C to -23C), keep the coolant
heater plugged in at least two hours. Below
-10F
(
-23C), keep the coolant heater plugged in for a
minimum of eight hours or overnight. It will not harm
either the coolant heater or the vehicle to leave the
coolant heater plugged in longer than the times stated.
Be sure to remove and store the cord before starting the
engine. See ªDiesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel
Systemº in the Index for information on what fuel to
use in cold weather.
Page 159 of 386
2-84 Trailer Anti-Lock Brake System
Warning Light
If your vehicle is connected
to an anti
-lock brake system
equipped trailer, this light
should come on briefly, as
a check, when you turn on
the ignition.
When this light comes on and stays on, it means there is
something wrong in the trailer anti
-lock brake system.
Have the system repaired immediately.
If an anti
-lock brake system equipped trailer is not
connected, this light is not functional.
Engine Coolant Temperature Gage
United States Canada
This gage shows the engine coolant temperature. If the
gage pointer moves into the red area, your engine
coolant might have overheated and your engine may be
too hot. You should pull off the road, stop your vehicle
and turn off the engine as soon as possible.
See ªEngine Overheatingº in the Index. If you have a
Caterpillar
diesel engine, also see your Caterpillar
Operation & Maintenance Manual.
Page 160 of 386
2-85 Low Coolant Warning Light
You have a low coolant
warning light. If this light
comes on, your system is
low on coolant and the
engine may overheat.
The warning light should come on briefly, as a check,
when you turn on the ignition.
When it comes on, you will also hear a warning tone at
several beats per second for 10 seconds. See ªEngine
Coolantº in the Index and have your vehicle serviced as
soon as you can.
This light may also come on if your vehicle is equipped
with the automatic engine shutdown system and engine
shutdown has begun. See ªEngine Automatic
Shutdownº in the Index.
Wait to Start Indicator (If Equipped)
This light in the center of
the instrument panel will
come on when the intake
heater is on and the ignition
key is in RUN.
Wait until the indicator light turn off before turning the
ignition key to START. See ªEngine Startingº in your
Caterpillar
Operation & Maintenance Manual for more
information.
Page 226 of 386
5-
5-1
Section 5 Problems on the Road
Here you'll find what to do about some problems that can occur on the road.
5
-2 Hazard Warning Flashers
5
-3 Other Warning Devices
5
-3 Jump Starting
5
-10 Towing Your Vehicle
5
-17 Engine Overheating5
-20 Cooling System
5
-26 Engine Fan Noise
5
-26 If a Tire Goes Flat
5
-27 Changing a Flat Tire
5
-28 If You're Stuck: In Sand, Mud, Ice or Snow
Page 242 of 386
5-17
6. Turn the stud nut
clockwise several turns
to release the brakes.
Follow the same
procedure to release the
other brake.
7. At the repair facility, apply air pressure of at least
70 psi (480 kPa) to the brake chambers, either from
an external air supply or the vehicle's air system.
8. Turn the stud nut counterclockwise several turns.
Remove the stud from the chamber.
9. Replace the stud and washer and tighten the nut
into the side of the chamber.
10. Replace the rubber cap.Engine Overheating
You will find a coolant temperature warning gage on
your vehicle's instrument panel, as well as a low coolant
warning light. Your vehicle also has a check gages
warning light on the instrument panel.