82
G
Gear selection
As soon as the traffic and road con-
ditions allow it, shift to a higher gear.
Using a lower gear to liven up accel-
eration greatly increases consumption.
In the same way, improper use of the
higher gears will increase consump-
tion, emissions and wear and tear on
the engine.
Top speeds
Fuel consumption increases consid-
erably as speed increases. For exam-
ple, when accelerating from 90 to
120 kph, fuel consumption increases
by about +30%. Your speed should
be kept as even as possible and su-
perfluous braking and acceleration
avoided as this increases both con-
sumption and emissions. A “soft” way
of driving should be adopted by at-
tempting to anticipate manoeuvres to
avoid imminent danger and to keep a
safe distance from the vehicle in front
in order to avoid braking sharply.Acceleration
Accelerating violently increasing the
revs will greatly affect consumption
and emissions: acceleration should be
gradual and not exceed the maximum
torque.
CONDITIONS OF USE
Cold starting
Frequent cold starting will not en-
able the engine to reach optimal run-
ning temperature. It follows therefore
that consumption will be higher (from
+15% to +30% in built-up areas) as
will the production of toxic emissions. STYLE OF DRIVING
Starting
Do not warm the engine when the
car is stationery or at high or low revs:
in this way the engine will warm up
gradually increasing consumption and
emissions. You should drive off slowly
straight away avoiding high revs so
that the engine will warm up more
quickly.
Unnecessary actions
Avoid revving the engine when
stopped at traffic lights or before
switching off the engine and avoid
doubling the clutch as these actions
have no purpose on modern vehicles
and serve only to increase consump-
tion and pollution.
4C068-089 ING 11-03-2008 11:59 Pagina 82
147
G
ENGINE
GENERAL FEATURES
Engine code
Cycle
Number and layout of cylinders
Number of valves per cylinder
Bore x stroke mm
Capacity cc
Compression ratio
Maximum power output (EEC) kW
bhp
at rpm
Peak torque (EEC) Nm
m.kg
at rpm
TIMING
Inlet: opens BTDC
closes ABDC
Exhaust: opens BBDC
closes ATDC
Valve clearances for timing check
inlet mm
exhaust mm
Valve clearances when cold
inlet mm
exhaust mm1.2
188A4.000
Otto
4 in line
2
70.8x78.9
1242
9.5±0.2:1
44
60
5000
102
10.4
2500
2°
32°
30°
4°
0.8
0.8
0.4±0.05
0.4±0.051.2
16V
188A5.000
Otto
4 in line
4
70.8x78.9
1242
10.6±0.2:1
59
80
5000
114
11.6
4000
0°
32°
32°
0°
0.45
0.45
(*)
(*)
(*) Hydraulic tappets.
4C144-167 ING 11-03-2008 12:02 Pagina 147
