2002 JEEP LIBERTY Battery cables

JUMP STARTING
STANDARD PROCEDURE - JUMP STARTING
PROCEDURE
WARNING: REVIEW ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
AND WARNINGS IN GROUP 8A, BATTERY/START-
ING/CHARGING SYSTEMS DIAGNOSTICS.
²DO NOT JUMP START A FROZEN BATTERY,
PERSONAL INJURY CAN RESULT.
²DO NOT JUMP START WHEN BATTERY INDI-
CATOR DOT IS YELLOW OR BRIGHT COLOR. BAT-
TERY CAN EXPLODE.
²DO NOT ALLOW JUMPER CABLE CLAMPS TO
TOUCH EACH OTHER WHEN CONNECTED TO A
BOOSTER SOURCE.
²DO NOT USE OPEN FLAME NEAR BATTERY.
²REMOVE METALLIC JEWELRY WORN ON
HANDS OR WRISTS TO AVOID INJURY BY ACCI-
DENTAL ARCHING OF BATTERY CURRENT.
²WHEN USING A HIGH OUTPUT BOOSTING
DEVICE, DO NOT ALLOW DISABLED VEHICLE'S
BATTERY TO EXCEED 16 VOLTS. PERSONAL
INJURY OR DAMAGE TO ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
CAN RESULT.
CAUTION: When using another vehicle as a
booster, do not allow vehicles to touch. Electrical
systems can be damaged on either vehicle.
TO JUMP START A DISABLED VEHICLE:
(1) Raise hood on disabled vehicle and visually
inspect engine compartment for:
²Generator drive belt condition and tension.
²Fuel fumes or leakage, correct if necessary.
²Frozen battery.
²Yellow or bright color test indicator, if equipped.
²Low battery fluid level.
CAUTION: If the cause of starting problem on dis-
abled vehicle is severe, damage to booster vehicle
charging system can result.
(2) When using another vehicle as a booster
source, turn off all accessories, place gear selector in
park or neutral, set park brake or equivalent and
operate engine at 1200 rpm.
(3) On disabled vehicle, place gear selector in park
or neutral and set park brake or equivalent. Turn
OFF all accessories.
(4) Connect jumper cables to booster battery. RED
clamp to positive terminal (+). BLACK clamp to neg-
ative terminal (-). DO NOT allow clamps at opposite
end of cables to touch, electrical arc will result (Fig.
5). Review all warnings in this procedure.(5) On disabled vehicle, connect RED jumper cable
clamp to battery positive (+) terminal. Connect
BLACK jumper cable clamp to the engine as close to
the ground cable connection as possible (Fig. 5).
CAUTION: Do not crank starter motor on disabled
vehicle for more than 15 seconds, starter will over-
heat and could fail.
(6) Allow battery in disabled vehicle to charge to
at least 12.4 volts (75% charge) before attempting to
start engine. If engine does not start within 15 sec-
onds, stop cranking engine and allow starter to cool
(15 min.), before cranking again.
DISCONNECT CABLE CLAMPS AS FOLLOWS:
²Disconnect BLACK cable clamp from engine
ground on disabled vehicle.
²When using a Booster vehicle, disconnect
BLACK cable clamp from battery negative terminal.
Disconnect RED cable clamp from battery positive
terminal.
²Disconnect RED cable clamp from battery posi-
tive terminal on disabled vehicle.
TOWING
STANDARD PROCEDURE - TOWING
A vehicle equipped with SAE approved wheel lift-
type towing equipment can be used to tow Jeep vehi-
cles. When towing a 4WD vehicle using a wheel-lift
Fig. 5 Jumper Cable Clamp Connections
1 - BOOSTER BATTERY
2 - NEGATIVE JUMPER CABLE
3 - ENGINE GROUND
4 - DO NOT ALLOW VEHICLES TO TOUCH
5 - BATTERY NEGATIVE CABLE
6 - DISCHARGED BATTERY
7 - POSITIVE JUMPER CABLE
0 - 6 LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEKJ

(11) Remove the clevis bracket at the shock. (Fig.
5)
(12) Remove the shock assembly from the vehicle.
(Fig. 5)
(13) Remove the spring from the shock (if needed).
(Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/SPRING -
REMOVAL).
INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION - LEFT SIDE
(1) Install the spring to the shock (if removed).
(2) Install the shock assembly to the vehicle.
(3) Install the four upper shock mounting nuts.
Tighten the nuts to 108 N´m (80 ft.lbs.).
(4) Install the clevis bracket at the shock. (Refer to
2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/CLEVIS BRACKET -
INSTALLATION). Tighten the bolt to 88 N´m (65
ft.lbs.).
(5) Raise the lower control into place and recon-
nect the lower ball joint nut. Tighten the nut to 81
N´m (60 ft.lbs.).
(6) Install the clevis bracket at the lower control
arm. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/CLEVIS
BRACKET - INSTALLATION). Tighten the bolt to
150 N´m (110 ft.lbs.).(7) Install the lower stabilizer link at the lower
control arm. Tighten the bolt to 136 N´m (100 ft.lbs.)
(Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/STABILIZER
LINK - INSTALLATION).
(8) Install the left tire and wheel assembly. (Refer
to 22 - TIRES/WHEELS/WHEELS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE).
(9) Lower the vehicle.
(10) Reconnect the battery temperature sensor.
(11) Install the battery tray (Refer to 8 - ELEC-
TRICAL/BATTERY SYSTEM/TRAY - INSTALLA-
TION).
(12) Install the battery (Refer to 8 - ELECTRI-
CAL/BATTERY SYSTEM/BATTERY - INSTALLA-
TION).
(13) Reconnect the battery cables.
INSTALLATION - RIGHT SIDE
(1) Install the spring to the shock (if removed).
(Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/SPRING -
INSTALLATION).
(2) Install the shock assembly to the vehicle.
(3) Install the four upper shock mounting nuts.
Tighten the nuts to 108 N´m (80 ft.lbs.).
(4) Install the clevis bracket at the shock. (Refer to
2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/CLEVIS BRACKET -
INSTALLATION). Tighten the bolt to 88 N´m (65
ft.lbs.).
(5) Raise the lower control into place and recon-
nect the lower ball joint nut. Tighten the nut to 81
N´m (60 ft.lbs.).
(6) Install the clevis bracket at the lower control
arm. (Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/CLEVIS
BRACKET - INSTALLATION). Tighten the bolt to
150 N´m (110 ft.lbs.).
(7) Install the lower stabilizer link at the lower
control arm. Tighten the bolt to 136 N´m (100 ft.lbs.)
(Refer to 2 - SUSPENSION/FRONT/STABILIZER
LINK - INSTALLATION).
(8) Install the right tire and wheel assembly.
(Refer to 22 - TIRES/WHEELS/WHEELS - STAN-
DARD PROCEDURE).
(9) Lower the vehicle.
(10) Install the cruise control servo mounting nuts.
(11) Install the airbox (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/AIR
INTAKE SYSTEM/AIR CLEANER ELEMENT -
INSTALLATION).
Fig. 5 SHOCK & CLEVIS ASSEMBLY
1 - FRONT CRADLE
2 - SPRING & SHOCK ASSEMBLY
3 - STEERING KNUCKLE
4 - CLEVIS BRACKET
5 - LOWER CONTROL ARM
2 - 12 FRONTKJ
SHOCK (Continued)

(3) There should be continuity. The ohmmeter
should register only a fraction of an ohm resistance.
High or infinite resistance indicates a damaged or
open antenna conductor. If OK, go to Test 3. If not
OK, isolate and test each of the individual antenna
conductor components. Replace only the faulty
antenna conductor component.
TEST 3
Test 3 checks the condition of the vehicle body
ground connection. To begin this test, proceed as fol-
lows:
(1) This test must be performed with the battery
positive cable disconnected from the battery. Discon-
nect and isolate both battery cables, negative cable
first.
(2) Reconnect the battery negative cable.
(3) Touch one ohmmeter test lead to a good clean
ground point on the vehicle fender. Touch the other
test lead to the battery negative terminal post. Check
the ohmmeter reading for continuity.
(4) There should be continuity. The ohmmeter
should register less than one ohm resistance. High or
infinite resistance indicates a loose, corroded, or
damaged connection between the battery negative
terminal and the vehicle body. If OK, go to Test 4. If
not OK, check the battery negative cable connection
to the vehicle body and the radio noise suppression
ground strap connections to the engine and the vehi-
cle body for being loose or corroded. Clean or tighten
these connections as required.
TEST 4
Test 4 checks the condition of the connection
between the antenna coaxial cable shield and the
vehicle body ground as follows:
(1) Disconnect and isolate the antenna coaxial
cable connector behind the right side kick panel.
(2) Touch one ohmmeter test lead to a good clean
ground point on the vehicle fender. Touch the other
test lead to the outer crimp on the antenna coaxial
cable connector. Check the ohmmeter reading for con-
tinuity.
(3) There should be continuity. The ohmmeter
should register less than one ohm resistance. High or
infinite resistance indicates a loose, corroded, or
damaged connection between the antenna body and
the vehicle body or between the antenna body and
the antenna coaxial cable shield. If not OK, clean the
antenna body to fender mating surfaces and tighten
the antenna cap nut to specifications.
(4) Check the resistance again with an ohmmeter.
If the resistance is still more then one ohm, replace
the faulty antenna body and cable.
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable.
(2) Remove the antenna mast.
(3) Remove cover (Fig. 3).
(4) Remove mounting nut.
(5) Remove bezel adapter.
(6) Remove right kick panel trim.
(7) Disconnect antenna body and cable from the
instrument panel cable. Attach a wire or string
(approximately 2 feet in length) to the cable to aid in
installation of the new cable.
(8) Remove the upper fender mounting bolts.
Loosen the two fender mounting bolts located near
the upper door hinge (Refer to 23 - BODY/EXTERI-
OR/FRONT FENDER - REMOVAL).
(9) Carefully pull fender out to access the antenna
body and cable. Pull cable up through the opening
with wire attached.
INSTALLATION
(1) Attached wire to new cable. Pull fender out and
insert cable into opening.
(2) Pull cable through hole in kick panel area
using the attached wire.
(3) Connect antenna body cable to the instrument
panel cable.
(4) Install right kick panel trim.
(5) Install bezel adapter.
(6) Install mounting nut. Tighten to 12 N´m (105
in. lbs.).
(7) Install cover.
Fig. 3 ANTENNA BODY AND CABLE
1 - ANTENNA MAST
2 - ANTENNA COVER
3 - ANTENNA BASE MOUNTING NUT
4 - ANTENNA BEZEL ADAPTER
5 - ANTENNA BODY AND CABLE
8A - 6 AUDIOKJ
ANTENNA BODY & CABLE (Continued)

ENGINE SYSTEMS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
BATTERY SYSTEM......................... 1
CHARGING SYSTEM....................... 22STARTING SYSTEM....................... 32
BATTERY SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
BATTERY SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION..........................1
OPERATION............................2
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - BATTERY
SYSTEM.............................2
CLEANING.............................5
INSPECTION...........................6
SPECIFICATIONS........................6
SPECIAL TOOLS........................7
BATTERY
DESCRIPTION..........................7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - BATTERY.......8
STANDARD PROCEDURE
STANDARD PROCEDURE - BATTERY
CHARGING...........................8
STANDARD PROCEDURE - BUILT-IN
INDICATOR TEST.....................10
STANDARD PROCEDURE - HYDROMETER
TEST...............................11
STANDARD PROCEDURE - OPEN-CIRCUIT
VOLTAGE TEST.......................12
STANDARD PROCEDURE - LOAD TEST....12
STANDARD PROCEDURE - IGNITION-OFF
DRAW TEST.........................14STANDARD PROCEDURE - USING
MIDTRONICS ELECTRICAL TESTER.......15
REMOVAL.............................16
INSTALLATION.........................16
BATTERY HOLDDOWN
DESCRIPTION.........................17
OPERATION...........................17
REMOVAL.............................17
INSTALLATION.........................17
BATTERY CABLES
DESCRIPTION.........................18
OPERATION...........................18
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - BATTERY
CABLES............................19
THERMAL GUARD
DESCRIPTION.........................20
OPERATION...........................20
REMOVAL.............................20
INSTALLATION.........................20
BATTERY TRAY
DESCRIPTION.........................21
OPERATION...........................21
REMOVAL.............................21
INSTALLATION.........................21
BATTERY SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
A single 12-volt battery system is standard factory-
installed equipment on this model. All of the compo-
nents of the battery system are located within the
engine compartment of the vehicle. The service infor-
mation for the battery system in this vehicle covers
the following related components, which are covered
in further detail elsewhere in this service manual:²Battery- The storage battery provides a reli-
able means of storing a renewable source of electrical
energy within the vehicle.
²Battery Cable- The battery cables connect the
battery terminal posts to the vehicle electrical sys-
tem.
²Battery Holddown- The battery holddown
hardware secures the battery in the battery tray in
the engine compartment.
KJENGINE SYSTEMS 8F - 1

BATTERY SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
THE BATTERY SEEMS WEAK OR
DEAD WHEN ATTEMPTING TO
START THE ENGINE.1. The electrical system ignition-off
draw is excessive.1. Refer to the IGNITION-OFF
DRAW TEST Standard Procedure
for the proper test procedures.
Repair the excessive ignition-off
draw, as required.
2. The charging system is faulty. 2. Determine if the charging system
is performing to specifications using
the Midtronics battery and charging
system tester. Refer to Charging
System for additional charging
system diagnosis and testing
procedures. Repair the faulty
charging system, as required.
3. The battery is discharged. 3. Determine the battery state-of-
charge using the Midtronics battery
and charging system tester. Refer to
the Standard Procedures in this
section for additional test
procedures. Charge the faulty
battery, as required.
4. The battery terminal connections
are loose or corroded.4. Refer to Battery Cables for the
proper battery cable diagnosis and
testing procedures. Clean and
tighten the battery terminal
connections, as required.
5. The battery has an incorrect size
or rating for this vehicle.5. Refer to Battery System
Specifications for the proper size
and rating. Replace an incorrect
battery, as required.
6. The battery is faulty. 6. Determine the battery cranking
capacity using the Midtronics battery
and charging system tester. Refer to
the Standard Procedures in this
section for additional test
procedures. Replace the faulty
battery, as required.
7. The starting system is faulty. 7. Determine if the starting system
is performing to specifications. Refer
to Starting System for the proper
starting system diagnosis and
testing procedures. Repair the faulty
starting system, as required.
8. The battery is physically
damaged.8. Inspect the battery for loose
terminal posts or a cracked and
leaking case. Replace the damaged
battery, as required.
KJBATTERY SYSTEM 8F - 3
BATTERY SYSTEM (Continued)

BATTERY CLASSIFICATIONS & RATINGS
Part NumberBCI Group Size
ClassificationCold Cranking
AmperageReserve
CapacityAmpere -
HoursLoad Test
Amperage
56041380AA 86 525 100 Minutes 60 250
SPECIAL TOOLS
BATTERY
DESCRIPTION
A large capacity, low-maintenance storage battery
(Fig. 5) is standard factory-installed equipment on
this model. Refer to Battery Specifications for the
proper specifications of the factory-installed batteries
available on this model. Male post type terminals
made of a soft lead material protrude from the top of
the molded plastic battery case to provide the means
for connecting the battery to the vehicle electrical
system. The battery positive terminal post is physi-
cally larger in diameter than the negative terminal
post to ensure proper battery connection. The letters
POSandNEGare also molded into the top of the
battery case adjacent to their respective positive and
negative terminal posts for identification confirma-
tion. Refer to Battery Cables for more information on
the battery cables that connect the battery to the
vehicle electrical system.
The battery is made up of six individual cells that
are connected in series. Each cell contains positively
charged plate groups that are connected with leadstraps to the positive terminal post, and negatively
charged plate groups that are connected with lead
straps to the negative terminal post. Each plate con-
sists of a stiff mesh framework or grid coated with
lead dioxide (positive plate) or sponge lead (negative
plate). Insulators or plate separators made of a non-
conductive material are inserted between the positive
and negative plates to prevent them from contacting
or shorting against one another. These dissimilar
metal plates are submerged in a sulfuric acid and
water solution called an electrolyte.
The factory-installed battery has a built-in test
indicator (hydrometer). The color visible in the sight
glass of the indicator will reveal the battery condi-
tion. Refer to Standard Procedures for the proper
built-in indicator test procedures.The factory-in-
stalled low-maintenance battery has removable
battery cell caps.Distilled water can be added to
this battery. The battery is not sealed and has vent
holes in the cell caps. The chemical composition of
the metal coated plates within the low-maintenance
Fig. 4 MIDTRONICS BATTERY AND CHARGING
SYSTEM TESTER - Micro420
Fig. 5 Low-Maintenance Battery - Typical
1 - POSITIVE POST
2 - VENT
3 - CELL CAP
4 - VENT
5 - CELL CAP
6 - VENT
7 - NEGATIVE POST
8 - GREEN BALL
9 - ELECTROLYTE LEVEL
10 - PLATE GROUPS
11 - LOW-MAINTENANCE BATTERY
KJBATTERY SYSTEM 8F - 7
BATTERY SYSTEM (Continued)

Test the specific gravity of the electrolyte in each
battery cell. If the specific gravity of all cells is above
1.235, but the variation between cells is more than
fifty points (0.050), the battery should be replaced. If
the specific gravity of one or more cells is less than
1.235, charge the battery at a rate of approximately
five amperes. Continue charging the battery until
three consecutive specific gravity tests, taken at one-
hour intervals, are constant. If the cell specific grav-
ity variation is more than fifty points (0.050) at the
end of the charge period, replace the battery.
When the specific gravity of all cells is above 1.235,
and the cell variation is less than fifty points (0.050),
the battery may be load tested to determine its
cranking capacity. Refer to Standard Procedures for
the proper battery load test procedures.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - OPEN-CIRCUIT
VOLTAGE TEST
A battery open-circuit voltage (no load) test will
show the approximate state-of-charge of a battery.
This test can be used in place of the hydrometer test
when a hydrometer is not available, or for mainte-
nance-free batteries with non-removable cell caps.
Before proceeding with this test, completely charge
the battery (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY
SYSTEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PROCEDURE).(1) Before measuring the open-circuit voltage, the
surface charge must be removed from the battery.
Turn on the headlamps for fifteen seconds, then
allow up to five minutes for the battery voltage to
stabilize.
(2) Disconnect and isolate both battery cables, neg-
ative cable first.
(3) Using a voltmeter connected to the battery
posts (see the instructions provided by the manufac-
turer of the voltmeter), measure the open-circuit volt-
age (Fig. 10).
See the Open-Circuit Voltage Table. This voltage
reading will indicate the battery state-of-charge, but
will not reveal its cranking capacity. If a battery has
an open-circuit voltage reading of 12.4 volts or
greater, it may be load tested to reveal its cranking
capacity (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY SYS-
TEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE TABLE
Open Circuit Voltage Charge Percentage
11.7 volts or less 0%
12.0 volts 25%
12.2 volts 50%
12.4 volts 75%
12.6 volts or more 100%
STANDARD PROCEDURE - LOAD TEST
A battery load test will verify the battery cranking
capacity. The test is based on the Cold Cranking
Amperage (CCA) rating of the battery. To determine
the battery CCA rating, see the label affixed to the
battery case or refer to Battery Specifications for the
proper factory-installed specifications.
Before proceeding with this test, completely charge
the battery (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY
SYSTEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
Fig. 9 Hydrometer - Typical
1 - BULB
2 - SURFACE COHESION
3 - SPECIFIC GRAVITY READING
4 - TEMPERATURE READING
5 - HYDROMETER BARREL
6 - FLOAT
Fig. 10 Testing Open-Circuit Voltage - Typical
8F - 12 BATTERY SYSTEMKJ
BATTERY (Continued)

(1) Disconnect and isolate both battery cables, neg-
ative cable first. The battery top and posts should be
clean (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/BATTERY SYSTEM
- CLEANING).
(2) Connect a suitable volt-ammeter-load tester
(Fig. 11) to the battery posts (Fig. 12). See the
instructions provided by the manufacturer of the
tester you are using. Check the open-circuit voltage
(no load) of the battery (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/
BATTERY SYSTEM/BATTERY - STANDARD PRO-
CEDURE). The battery open-circuit voltage must be
12.4 volts or greater.
(3) Rotate the load control knob (carbon pile rheo-
stat) to apply a 300 ampere load to the battery for
fifteen seconds, then return the control knob to the
Off position (Fig. 13). This will remove the surface
charge from the battery.(4) Allow the battery to stabilize to open-circuit
voltage. It may take up to five minutes for the bat-
tery voltage to stabilize.
(5) Rotate the load control knob to maintain a load
equal to 50% of the CCA rating of the battery (Fig.
14). After fifteen seconds, record the loaded voltage
reading, then return the load control knob to the Off
position.
(6) The voltage drop will vary with the battery
temperature at the time of the load test. The battery
temperature can be estimated by using the ambient
temperature during the past several hours. If the
battery has been charged, boosted, or loaded a few
minutes prior to the test, the battery will be some-
what warmer. See the Load Test Temperature Table
for the proper loaded voltage reading.
Fig. 11 Volt-Ammeter-Load Tester - Typical
Fig. 12 Volt-Ammeter-Load
1 - INDUCTION AMMETER CLAMP
2 - NEGATIVE CLAMP
3 - POSITIVE CLAMP
Fig. 13 Remove Surface Charge from Battery
Fig. 14 Load 50% CCA Rating - Note Voltage -
Typical
KJBATTERY SYSTEM 8F - 13
BATTERY (Continued)