2002 JEEP LIBERTY Heating system

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - REAR HVAC
CONTROL ASSEMBLY WINDOW DEFOGGER
FUNCTION
Before performing this test, complete the Defogger
Switch and Defogger Relay tests as described in this
group. For circuit descriptions and diagrams, (Refer
to Appropriate Wiring Information).
WARNING: ON VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AIR-
BAGS, DISABLE THE AIRBAG SYSTEM BEFORE
ATTEMPTING ANY STEERING WHEEL, STEERING
COLUMN, OR INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENT
DIAGNOSIS OR SERVICE. DISCONNECT AND ISO-
LATE THE BATTERY NEGATIVE (GROUND) CABLE,
THEN WAIT TWO MINUTES FOR THE AIRBAG SYS-
TEM CAPACITOR TO DISCHARGE BEFORE PER-
FORMING FURTHER DIAGNOSIS OR SERVICE. THIS
IS THE ONLY SURE WAY TO DISABLE THE AIRBAG
SYSTEM. FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRE-
CAUTIONS COULD RESULT IN AN ACCIDENTAL
AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL
INJURY.
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Remove the defogger relay from the junction
block and unplug the defogger switch wire harness
connector.
(2) Remove the HVAC control head from the
instrument panel. This is accomplished by removing
the ashtray and the screw behind the ashtray and
uncliping the center bezel.
(3) Check for continuity between the rear window
defogger switch sense circuit cavity of the cluster
wire harness connector (connector B) and a good
ground. There should be no continuity. If OK, go to
Step 4. If not OK, repair the short circuit as
required.
(4) Check for continuity between the rear window
defogger switch sense circuit cavity of the right
instrument cluster wire harness connector (connector
B) and the defogger switch wire harness connector.
There should be continuity. If OK, go to Step 5. If not
OK, repair the open circuit as required.
(5) Check for continuity between the rear window
defogger relay control circuit cavity of the right
instrument cluster wire harness connector (connectorB) and a good ground. There should be no continuity.
If OK, go to Step 6. If not OK, repair the short circuit
as required.
(6) Check for continuity between the rear window
defogger relay control circuit cavities of the right
instrument cluster wire harness connector (connector
B) and the defogger relay receptacle (the cavity for
ISO relay terminal 85) in the junction block. There
should be continuity. If OK, replace the faulty HVAC
control head. If not OK, repair the open circuit as
required.
REMOVAL
WARNING: ON VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AIR-
BAGS, DISABLE THE AIRBAG SYSTEM BEFORE
ATTEMPTING ANY STEERING WHEEL, STEERING
COLUMN, OR INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENT
DIAGNOSIS OR SERVICE. DISCONNECT AND ISO-
LATE THE BATTERY NEGATIVE (GROUND) CABLE,
THEN WAIT TWO MINUTES FOR THE AIRBAG SYS-
TEM CAPACITOR TO DISCHARGE BEFORE PER-
FORMING FURTHER DIAGNOSIS OR SERVICE. THIS
IS THE ONLY SURE WAY TO DISABLE THE AIRBAG
SYSTEM. FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRE-
CAUTIONS COULD RESULT IN AN ACCIDENTAL
AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL
INJURY.
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable.
(2) The Rear Window Defogger switch is part of
the HVAC assembly and if damaged or inoperative
the entire HVAC control assembly must be replace-
d(Refer to 24 - HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING/
CONTROLS/A/C HEATER CONTROL - REMOVAL).
INSTALLATION
(1) The Rear Window Defogger switch is part of
the HVAC control assembly and if damaged or inop-
erative you must replace the entire HVEAC control
head assembly(Refer to 24 - HEATING & AIR CON-
DITIONING/CONTROLS/A/C HEATER CONTROL -
INSTALLATION).
(2) Connect the battery negative cable.
KJWINDOW DEFOGGER 8G - 9
REAR WINDOW DEFOGGER SWITCH (Continued)

HEATED SEAT SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
HEATED SEAT SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION.........................10
OPERATION...........................10
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SYSTEM............................11
DRIVER SEAT HEATER SWITCH
DESCRIPTION.........................11
OPERATION...........................12
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SWITCH............................12
REMOVAL.............................13
INSTALLATION.........................13
HEATED SEAT ELEMENT
DESCRIPTION.........................13OPERATION...........................13
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
ELEMENT...........................13
HEATED SEAT SENSOR
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SENSOR............................14
PASSENGER SEAT HEATER SWITCH
DESCRIPTION.........................14
OPERATION...........................14
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SWITCH............................14
REMOVAL.............................15
INSTALLATION.........................15
HEATED SEAT SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
Individually controlled electrically heated front
seats are available on models that are also equipped
with the optional leather trim package. Vehicles with
this option can be visually identified by the two sep-
arate heated seat switches mounted on the outboard
seat cushion side shields. The heated seat system
allows the front seat driver and passenger to select
from two different levels of supplemental electrical
seat heating, or no seat heating to suit their individ-
ual comfort requirements. The heated seat system for
this vehicle includes the following major components:
²Heated Seat Switches- Two heated seat
switches are used per vehicle, including two Light-
Emitting Diode (LED) indicator lamps and an incan-
descent back lighting bulb for each switch. One
switch for the driver and one for the passenger front
seats. The switches are mounted on the outboard
seat cushion side shields.
²Heated Seat Module- also referred to as the
Seat Heat Interface Module (SHIM), this module con-
tains the solid state electronic control and diagnostic
logic circuitry for the heated seat system. One heated
seat module is used per vehicle and is mounted
under the left front seat cushion. Refer to the Elec-
tronic Control Modules section of the service manual
for heated seat module information.
²Heated Seat Elements- Four heated seat ele-
ments are used per vehicle, one for each front seat
back and one for each front seat cushion. The ele-
ments are integral to the individual front seat andseat back cushions and cannot be removed from the
cushions, once installed at the factory.
²Heated Seat Sensors- Two heated seat sen-
sors are used per vehicle, one for each front seat. The
sensors are integral to the individual front seat heat-
ing elements.
Following are general descriptions of the major
components in the heated seat system. See the own-
er's manual in the vehicle glove box for more infor-
mation on the features, use and operation of the
heated seat system. Refer toWiring Diagramsfor
the location of complete heated seat system wiring
diagrams.
OPERATION
The heated seat module receives fused battery cur-
rent through fuse #29 in the Junction Block (JB)
when the ignition switch is in the ªONº position. The
heated seat switches receive battery current through
fuse #25 in the Junction Block also, when the igni-
tion switch is in the ªONº position. The heated seat
module shares a common ground circuit with each of
the heated seat elements. The heated seat elements
will only operate when the surface temperature of
the seat cushion is below the designed temperature
set points of the system.
The heated seat system will also be turned off
automatically whenever the ignition switch is turned
to any position except On. If the ignition switch is
turned to the Off position while a heated seat is
turned ON, the heated seat will remain Off after the
ignition switch is turned back ªONº until a heated
seat switch is depressed again.
8G - 10 HEATED SEAT SYSTEMKJ

HEATED SEAT SWITCH CONTINUITY
CONTINUITY
BETWEENSWITCH
POSITIONOHMS
READING +/±
10%
PIN 1 AND 3 OFF 2.2 K (2200)
OHMS
PIN 1 AND 3 LO .415 K (415)
OHMS
PIN 1 AND 3 HI 33 OHMS
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect and isolate the negative battery
cable.
(2) Remove the appropriate seat cushion side
shield (Refer to 23 - BODY/SEATS/SEAT CUSHION
SIDE COVERS - REMOVAL).
(3) Disconnect the heated seat switch electrical
connector. Depress the locking tab and pull straight
apart.
(4) Working from the underside of the switch, gen-
tly rock the switch back and forth out of its mounting
location.
INSTALLATION
(1) Gently rock the switch back and forth in to its
mounting location.
(2) Connect the heated seat switch electrical con-
nector.
(3) Install the appropriate seat cushion side shield.
Refer to the Body section of the service manual for
the procedure.
(4) Connect the negative battery cable.
HEATED SEAT ELEMENT
DESCRIPTION
The heated seat system includes four seat heating
elements. Two are located in each front seat, one for
the seat cushion and the other for the seat back. All
models use two resistor wire heating elements for
each seat that are connected in series with the
Heated Seat Module (HSM). The temperature sensor
is a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) ther-
mistor. One temperature sensor is used for each seat,
and it is located on the seat cushion heating element
for all models.
The seat heating elements are permanently
attached to the seat cushions. The heated seat ele-
ments and the temperature sensor cannot be
adjusted or repaired and, if faulty or damaged, the
seat cushions must be replaced. Refer to the Body
section for the seat cushion service procedures.
OPERATION
The heated seat elements resist the flow of electrical
current. When battery current is passed through the
elements, the energy lost by the resistance of the ele-
ments to the current flow is released in the form of
heat. When the temperature of the seat cushion cover
rises, the resistance of the sensor decreases. The Heated
Seat Module supplies a five-volt current to one side of
each sensor, and monitors the voltage drop through the
sensor on a return circuit. The Heated Seat Module
uses this temperature sensor input to monitor the tem-
perature of the seat, and regulates the current flow to
the seat heating elements accordingly.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
ELEMENT
SEAT CUSHION ELEMENT
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Disconnect the green heated seat cushion ele-
ment wire harness connector from the power seat
wire harness. The power seat wire harness connec-
tors for the seat cushion heating elements are
secured to a bracket located under the seat cushion
frame. Refer toWiringfor connector pin information.
(2) Check for continuity between the two heated
seat element circuit cavities. There should be conti-
nuity. If OK, the elements within the seat assembly
test OK, go to Step 3. If not OK, replace the faulty
seat heating element and cushion assembly.
(3) Test the seat wire harness between the heated
seat module connector and the heated seat wire har-
ness element connector for a shorted or open circuit.
If OK, element is OK, proceed with testing the
heated seat sensor and module. If not OK, repair the
shorted or open seat wire harness as required.
SEAT BACK ELEMENT
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Disconnect the green heated seat back element
wire harness connector from the power seat wire har-
ness. The power seat wire harness connectors for the
seat cushion heating elements are secured to a
bracket located under the seat cushion frame. Refer
toWiringfor connector pin information.
(2) Check for continuity between the two heated
seat element circuit cavities. There should be conti-
nuity. If OK, the elements within the seat assembly
test OK, go to Step 3. If not OK, replace the faulty
seat heating element and cushion assembly.
(3) Test the seat wire harness between the heated
seat module connector and the heated seat wire har-
ness element connector for a shorted or open circuit.
If OK, element is OK, proceed with testing the
heated seat sensor and module. If not OK, repair the
shorted or open seat wire harness as required.
KJHEATED SEAT SYSTEM 8G - 13
DRIVER SEAT HEATER SWITCH (Continued)

HEATED SEAT SENSOR
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SENSOR
For complete circuit diagrams, refer toWIRING.
NOTE: ANY RESISTANCE VALUES (OHMSV) GIVEN
IN THE FOLLOWING TEXT ARE SUPPLIED USING
THE AUTOMATIC RANGE GENERATED BY A
FLUKETAUTOMOTIVE METER. IF ANOTHER TYPE
OF MEASURING DEVICE IS USED THE VALUES
GENERATED MAY NOT BE THE SAME AS THE
RESULTS SHOWN HERE, OR MAY HAVE TO BE
CONVERTED TO THE RANGE USED HERE.
(1) Disconnect the heated seat wire harness con-
nector from under the seat. Using an ohmmeter,
check the resistance between the heated seat sensor
input circuit cavity and the heated seat sensor feed
circuit cavity in the heated seat wire harness connec-
tor. The heated seat sensor resistance should be
between 1 kilohm and 100 kilohms. If OK, go to Step
2. If not OK, replace the faulty seat heating element
assembly.
(2) Test the seat wire harness between the heated
seat module connector and the heated seat wire har-
ness connector for a shorted or open circuit. If OK,
refer toDiagnosis and Testing the Heated Seat
Modulein Electronic Control Modules, for the
proper heated seat module diagnosis and testing pro-
cedures. If not OK, repair the shorted or open heated
seat wire harness as required.
PASSENGER SEAT HEATER
SWITCH
DESCRIPTION
The heated seat switches are located on the out-
board cushion side shield of the driver and passenger
front seats (Fig. 3). The two, three-position rocker
type switches provide a resistor multiplexed signal to
the Heated Seat Module through separate hard wired
circuits. Each switch has an Off, Low and High set-
ting. Each switch contains two light emitting diodes
(LED), one for each High and Low setting to let the
occupant know that the seat heater system is on.
The heated seat switches and their LED's cannot
be repaired. If either switch is faulty or damaged the
entire switch must be replaced.
OPERATION
There are three positions that can be selected with
each of the heated seat switches: Off, Low, and High.
When the front of the switch rocker is fullydepressed, the High position is selected and the high
position LED indicator illuminates. When the rear of
the switch rocker is fully depressed, the Low position
is selected and the low position LED indicator illumi-
nates. When the switch rocker is depressed a second
time in either direction, Off is selected and both LED
indicators are extinguished.
Both switches provide separate resistor multi-
plexed hard wire inputs to the Heated Seat Module
to indicate the selected switch position. The heated
seat module monitors the switch inputs and responds
to the heated seat switch status messages by control-
ling the output to the seat heater elements of the
selected seat. The Low heat position set point is
about 36É C (97É F), and the High heat position set
point is about 41É C (105É F).
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HEATED SEAT
SWITCH
If a heated seat fails to heat and one or both of the
indicator lamps on a heated seat switch flash, refer
toHeated Seat System Diagnosis and Testingin
this section for flashing LED failure identification.
Refer toWiring Diagramsfor complete heated seat
system wiring diagrams.
(1) If the problem being diagnosed involves a
heated seat switch indicator lamp that remains illu-
minated after the heated seat has been turned Off,
refer toDiagnosis and Testing the Heated Seat
Modulein the Electronic Control Modules section for
heated seat module diagnosis and testing procedures.
If not, go to Step 2
Fig. 3 KJ POWER / HEATED SEAT
8G - 14 HEATED SEAT SYSTEMKJ

subjected to a high torque load, deposits partially liq-
uefy and bridge the gap between electrodes (Fig. 23).
This short circuits the electrodes. Spark plugs with
electrode gap bridging can be cleaned using standard
procedures.
SCAVENGER DEPOSITS
Fuel scavenger deposits may be either white or yel-
low (Fig. 24). They may appear to be harmful, but
this is a normal condition caused by chemical addi-
tives in certain fuels. These additives are designed to
change the chemical nature of deposits and decrease
spark plug misfire tendencies. Notice that accumula-
tion on the ground electrode and shell area may be
heavy, but the deposits are easily removed. Spark
plugs with scavenger deposits can be considered nor-
mal in condition and can be cleaned using standard
procedures.
CHIPPED ELECTRODE INSULATOR
A chipped electrode insulator usually results from
bending the center electrode while adjusting the
spark plug electrode gap. Under certain conditions,
severe detonation can also separate the insulator
from the center electrode (Fig. 25). Spark plugs with
this condition must be replaced.
PREIGNITION DAMAGE
Preignition damage is usually caused by excessive
combustion chamber temperature. The center elec-
trode dissolves first and the ground electrode dis-
solves somewhat latter (Fig. 26). Insulators appear
relatively deposit free. Determine if the spark plug
has the correct heat range rating for the engine.
Determine if ignition timing is over advanced or if
other operating conditions are causing engine over-heating. (The heat range rating refers to the operat-
ing temperature of a particular type spark plug.
Spark plugs are designed to operate within specific
temperature ranges. This depends upon the thick-
ness and length of the center electrodes porcelain
insulator.)
SPARK PLUG OVERHEATING
Overheating is indicated by a white or gray center
electrode insulator that also appears blistered (Fig.
27). The increase in electrode gap will be consider-
ably in excess of 0.001 inch per 2000 miles of opera-
tion. This suggests that a plug with a cooler heat
range rating should be used. Over advanced ignition
timing, detonation and cooling system malfunctions
can also cause spark plug overheating.
Fig. 23 Electrode Gap Bridging
1 - GROUND ELECTRODE
2 - DEPOSITS
3 - CENTER ELECTRODE
Fig. 24 Scavenger Deposits
1 - GROUND ELECTRODE COVERED WITH WHITE OR
YELLOW DEPOSITS
2 - CENTER ELECTRODE
Fig. 25 Chipped Electrode Insulator
1 - GROUND ELECTRODE
2 - CENTER ELECTRODE
3 - CHIPPED INSULATOR
8I - 14 IGNITION CONTROLKJ
SPARK PLUG (Continued)

The turn signal indicators are connected in parallel
with the other turn signal circuits. This arrangement
allows the turn signal indicators to remain func-
tional, regardless of the condition of the other cir-
cuits in the turn signal and hazard warning systems.
The combination flasher outputs of the hazard switch
to the instrument cluster turn signal indicator inputs
can be diagnosed using conventional diagnostic tools
and methods. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/LAMPS/
LIGHTING - EXTERIOR/HAZARD SWITCH -
DESCRIPTION) for more information on the combi-
nation flasher and hazard switch operation.
WAIT-TO-START INDICATOR
DESCRIPTION
A wait-to-start indicator is only found in the
instrument clusters of vehicles equipped with an
optional diesel engine. The wait-to-start indicator is
located above the fuel gauge and to the left of the
tachometer in the instrument cluster. The wait-to-
start indicator consists of a stencil-like cutout of the
International Control and Display Symbol icon for
ªDiesel Preheatº in the opaque layer of the instru-
ment cluster overlay. The dark outer layer of the
overlay prevents the indicator from being clearly vis-
ible when it is not illuminated. An amber Light
Emitting Diode (LED) behind the cutout in the
opaque layer of the overlay causes the icon to appear
in amber through the translucent outer layer of the
overlay when it is illuminated from behind by the
LED, which is soldered onto the instrument cluster
electronic circuit board. The wait-to-start indicator is
serviced as a unit with the instrument cluster.
OPERATION
The wait-to-start indicator gives an indication to
the vehicle operator when the diesel engine glow
plugs are energized in their pre-heat operating mode.
This indicator is controlled by a transistor on the
instrument cluster electronic circuit board based
upon the cluster programming and electronic mes-
sages received by the cluster from the Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) over the Programmable Com-
munications Interface (PCI) data bus. The wait-to-
start indicator Light Emitting Diode (LED) is
completely controlled by the instrument cluster logic
circuit, and that logic will only allow this indicator to
operate when the instrument cluster receives a bat-
tery current input on the fused ignition switch out-
put (run-start) circuit. Therefore, the LED will
always be off when the ignition switch is in any posi-
tion except On or Start. The LED only illuminates
when it is provided a path to ground by the instru-
ment cluster transistor. The instrument cluster willturn on the wait-to-start indicator for the following
reasons:
²Wait-To-Start Lamp-On Message- Each time
the cluster receives a wait-to-start lamp-on message
from the PCM indicating the glow plugs are heating
and the driver must wait to start the engine, the
wait-to-start indicator will be illuminated. The indi-
cator remains illuminated until the cluster receives a
wait-to-start lamp-off message, or until the ignition
switch is turned to the Off position, whichever occurs
first.
²Actuator Test- Each time the cluster is put
through the actuator test, the wait-to-start indicator
will be turned on, then off again during the bulb
check portion of the test to confirm the functionality
of the LED and the cluster control circuitry.
The PCM continually monitors the ambient tem-
perature and the glow plug pre-heater circuits to
determine how long the glow plugs must be heated in
the pre-heat operating mode. The PCM then sends
the proper wait-to-start lamp-on and lamp-off mes-
sages to the instrument cluster. For further diagnosis
of the wait-to-start indicator or the instrument clus-
ter circuitry that controls the indicator, (Refer to 8 -
ELECTRICAL/INSTRUMENT CLUSTER - DIAGNO-
SIS AND TESTING). For proper diagnosis of the
glow plug pre-heater control circuits, the PCM, the
PCI data bus, or the electronic message inputs to the
instrument cluster that control the wait-to-start indi-
cator, a DRBIIItscan tool is required. Refer to the
appropriate diagnostic information.
WASHER FLUID INDICATOR
DESCRIPTION
A washer fluid indicator is standard equipment on
all instrument clusters. The washer fluid indicator
consists of the text ªlowashº, which appears in place
of the odometer/trip odometer information in the Vac-
uum-Fluorescent Display (VFD) of the instrument
cluster. The VFD is part of the cluster electronic cir-
cuit board, and is visible through a cutout located
near the lower edge of the speedometer dial face in
the instrument cluster. The dark outer layer of the
overlay prevents the VFD from being clearly visible
when it is not illuminated. The text message
ªlowashº appears in the same blue-green color and at
the same lighting level as the odometer/trip odometer
information through the translucent outer layer of
the overlay when it is illuminated by the instrument
cluster electronic circuit board. The washer fluid
indicator is serviced as a unit with the instrument
cluster.
KJINSTRUMENT CLUSTER 8J - 35
TURN SIGNAL INDICATOR (Continued)

Possible indications of the cylinder head gasket
leaking between adjacent cylinders are:
²Loss of engine power
²Engine misfiring
²Poor fuel economy
Possible indications of the cylinder head gasket
leaking between a cylinder and an adjacent water
jacket are:
²Engine overheating
²Loss of coolant
²Excessive steam (white smoke) emitting from
exhaust
²Coolant foaming
CYLINDER-TO-CYLINDER LEAKAGE TEST
To determine if an engine cylinder head gasket is
leaking between adjacent cylinders, follow the proce-
dures in Cylinder Compression Pressure Test (Refer
to 9 - ENGINE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING). An
engine cylinder head gasket leaking between adja-
cent cylinders will result in approximately a 50±70%
reduction in compression pressure.
CYLINDER-TO-WATER JACKET LEAKAGE TEST
WARNING: USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN THE
ENGINE IS OPERATING WITH COOLANT PRES-
SURE CAP REMOVED.
VISUAL TEST METHOD
With the engine cool, remove the coolant pressure
cap. Start the engine and allow it to warm up until
thermostat opens.
If a large combustion/compression pressure leak
exists, bubbles will be visible in the coolant.
COOLING SYSTEM TESTER METHOD
WARNING: WITH COOLING SYSTEM TESTER IN
PLACE, PRESSURE WILL BUILD UP FAST. EXCES-
SIVE PRESSURE BUILT UP, BY CONTINUOUS
ENGINE OPERATION, MUST BE RELEASED TO A
SAFE PRESSURE POINT. NEVER PERMIT PRES-
SURE TO EXCEED 138 kPa (20 psi).
Install Cooling System Tester 7700 or equivalent to
pressure cap neck. Start the engine and observe the
tester's pressure gauge. If gauge pulsates with every
power stroke of a cylinder a combustion pressure
leak is evident.
CHEMICAL TEST METHOD
Combustion leaks into the cooling system can also
be checked by using Bloc-Chek Kit C-3685-A or
equivalent. Perform test following the procedures
supplied with the tool kit.
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect the negative cable from the battery.
(2) Raise the vehicle on a hoist.
(3) Disconnect the exhaust pipe at the left side
exhaust manifold.
(4) Drain the engine coolant. Refer to COOLING
SYSTEM.
(5) Lower the vehicle.
(6) Remove the intake manifold. Refer to proce-
dure in this section.
(7) Remove the cylinder head cover. Refer to proce-
dure in this section.
(8) Remove the fan shroud and fan blade assembly.
Refer to COOLING SYSTEM.
(9) Remove accessory drive belt. Refer to COOL-
ING SYSTEM.
(10) Remove the power steering pump and set
aside.
(11) Rotate the crankshaft until the damper timing
mark is aligned with TDC indicator mark (Fig. 4).
(12) Verify the V6 mark on the camshaft sprocket
is at the 12 o'clock position (Fig. 5). Rotate the crank-
shaft one turn if necessary.
(13) Remove the crankshaft damper. Refer to Pro-
cedure.
(14) Remove the timing chain cover. Refer to pro-
cedure.
Fig. 4 Engine Top Dead Center
1 - TIMING CHAIN COVER
2 - CRANKSHAFT TIMING MARKS
9 - 20 ENGINE - 3.7LKJ
CYLINDER HEAD - LEFT (Continued)

(9) Using Special Tool 8516 Valve Spring Compres-
sor, install the rocker arms and the hydraulic lash
adjusters.
(10) Install the cylinder head cover. Refer to Cylin-
der Head Cover in this Section.
CYLINDER HEAD - RIGHT
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION - CYLINDER HEAD
The cylinder heads are made of an aluminum alloy.
The cylinder head features two valves per cylinder
with pressed in powdered metal valve guides. The
cylinder heads also provide enclosures for the timing
chain drain, necessitating unique left and right cylin-
der heads.
DESCRIPTION - VALVE GUIDES
The valve guides are made of powered metal and
are pressed into the cylinder head. The guides are
not replaceable or serviceable, and valve guide ream-
ing is not recommended. If the guides are worn
beyond acceptable limits, replace the cylinder heads.
DESCRIPTION
The valves are made of heat resistant steel and
have chrome plated stems to prevent scuffing. Each
valve is actuated by a roller rocker arm which pivots
on a stationary lash adjuster. All valves use three
bead lock keepers to retain the springs and promote
valve rotation.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HYDRAULIC LASH
ADJUSTER
A tappet-like noise may be produced from several
items. Check the following items.
(1) Engine oil level too high or too low. This may
cause aerated oil to enter the adjusters and cause
them to be spongy.
(2) Insufficient running time after rebuilding cylin-
der head. Low speed running up to 1 hour may be
required.
(3) Turn engine off and let set for a few minutes
before restarting. Repeat this several times after
engine has reached normal operating temperature.
(4) Low oil pressure.
(5) The oil restrictor in cylinder head gasket or the
oil passage to the cylinder head is plugged with
debris.(6) Air ingested into oil due to broken or cracked
oil pump pick up.
(7) Worn valve guides.
(8) Rocker arm ears contacting valve spring
retainer.
(9) Rocker arm loose, adjuster stuck or at maxi-
mum extension and still leaves lash in the system.
(10) Oil leak or excessive cam bore wear in cylin-
der head.
(11) Faulty lash adjuster.
²Check lash adjusters for sponginess while
installed in cylinder head and cam on camshaft at
base circle. Depress part of rocker arm over adjuster.
Normal adjusters should feel very firm. Spongy
adjusters can be bottomed out easily.
²Remove suspected lash adjusters, and replace.
²Before installation, make sure adjusters are at
least partially full of oil. This can be verified by little
or no plunger travel when lash adjuster is depressed.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CYLINDER HEAD
GASKET
A cylinder head gasket leak can be located between
adjacent cylinders or between a cylinder and the
adjacent water jacket.
Possible indications of the cylinder head gasket
leaking between adjacent cylinders are:
²Loss of engine power
²Engine misfiring
²Poor fuel economy
Possible indications of the cylinder head gasket
leaking between a cylinder and an adjacent water
jacket are:
²Engine overheating
²Loss of coolant
²Excessive steam (white smoke) emitting from
exhaust
²Coolant foaming
CYLINDER-TO-CYLINDER LEAKAGE TEST
To determine if an engine cylinder head gasket is
leaking between adjacent cylinders, follow the proce-
dures in Cylinder Compression Pressure Test (Refer
to 9 - ENGINE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING). An
engine cylinder head gasket leaking between adja-
cent cylinders will result in approximately a 50±70%
reduction in compression pressure.
CYLINDER-TO-WATER JACKET LEAKAGE TEST
WARNING: USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN THE
ENGINE IS OPERATING WITH COOLANT PRES-
SURE CAP REMOVED.
9 - 30 ENGINE - 3.7LKJ
VALVE SPRINGS (Continued)