2001 SAAB 9-5 wheel torque

169 Starting and driving
Traction Control SystemHow the system works The traction control system (TCS) is
designed to prevent wheelspin. This
enables the car to achieve the best possible
grip and, hence, maximum tractive effort,
together with greater stability.
The TCS system uses information from the
ABS system’s wheel sensors to detect
when the front (driving) wheels are rotating
faster then the rear wheels. It then monitors
whether one driving wheel is rotating faster
than the other. If so, the faster wheel is
retarded until both wheels are rotating at the
same speed.
If the two front wheels are rotating at the
same speed but are turning faster than the
rear wheels, the torque from the engine is
reduced to eliminate the difference.
The process continues until all the wheels
are rotating at the same speed.
The advantages of the TCS system become
most apparent when the cohesion between
the front wheels and the road surface is so
low that one or both of the wheels would
lose their grip were the car not equipped
with the TCS, e.g.:  When the car is pulling away or accelerat-
ing with the front wheels on different sur-
faces (e.g. one slippery and one dry). The
TCS then functions like an electronic dif-
ferential lock.
 When the car is pulling away or accelerat-
ing on a slippery road, in which case the
TCS eliminates wheelspin. The same
applies when the car is reversing.
 On cornering, if there is a tendency for the
inner front wheel to rotate faster than the
other wheels.
 On overtaking.
TCS OFF The TCS OFF indicator on the main instru-
ment panel will come on:
 If a fault has been detected and the
system has therefore been switched off.
 If there is a fault in the ABS system.
 If the system has been switched off man-
ually.
The indicator light will also come on for
4 seconds when the ignition key is turned to
ON, while an internal system check is per-
formed. TCS indicator The indicator light will come on for
4 seconds when the ignition key is turned to
ON, while an internal system check is per-
formed.
The TCS light in the tachometer comes on
when the system is operative, i.e. when the
wheels are not rotating at the same speed.
The fact that the TCS system is operative
indicates that the limit for grip has been
exceeded and that the driver must exert
greater care.
WARNING
In normal driving, the TCS system
enhances the safety of the car, but it does
not mean that the car can be driven faster.
The same care and prudence normally
applied should be displayed on cornering
and when driving on slippery roads.
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192 Car care and technical informationORVR (Onboard Refueling Vapor
Recovery)Hydrocarbon vapors formed when refueling
will be recovered by the car and not
released into the atmosphere. The hydro-
carbons are absorbed in a evaporative
emission canister. When the engine is sub-
sequently started, the evaporative emission
canister is gradually purged as air is sucked
into it through a shut-off valve. The hydro-
carbon/air mixture passes through the evap
canister purge valve and into the engine
where it is burned.
When refueling, make sure you screw the
filler cap on and keep turning until it has
clicked at least 3 times. Otherwise, it is pos-
sible for the CHECK ENGINE light to illumi-
nate and a ”TIGHTEN FUEL FILLER CAP”
message to appear on SID.
Refueling, see page 154.
Engine2.3-liter engineThe 2.3-liter model is a transverse, 4-cylin-
der in-line engine with twin overhead cam-
shafts and 4 valves per cylinder.
This engine is equipped with balance shafts
that reduce engine vibration to a minimum.
The balance shafts are chain driven and
rotate at twice the speed of the crankshaft.
They produce forces and torques that are
opposed to those generated by the pistons
and connecting rods, an effect that occurs
twice for each revolution of the engine.
Engine noise is also reduced as the
counter-rotating shafts counteract the vibra-
tion from the moving parts of the engine.
The transmission, located on the right
(viewed from the front), is integrated with
the engine. All models have front-wheel
drive.
3.0t V6 engine The 3.0-liter engine is a transverse, V6
engine with each bank of cylinders having
double overhead camshafts and 4 valves
per cylinder.
The transmission, located on the right
(viewed from the front), is integrated with
the engine. All models have front-wheel
drive.
IB601
Balance shafts, 4-cyl. engine
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228 Car care and technical informationIf a floor jack is used, it can be applied to the
standard jacking points used by the dealer.
A floor jack can lift both front wheels or both
rear wheels off the ground simultaneously.
A jack stand must then be applied under-
neath the front of the engine subframe (at
the fixing point for the towrope-attachment
eye) or to the rear towrope-attachment eye
(or under the trailer hitch, if fitted).
1 Put the car in 1st gear (automatic trans-
mission: move selector to the P position)
and apply the parking brake.2 Wind the jack up to a suitable height
before placing it under the recess in the
sill.
Make sure that the jack fully engages
the recess in the sill and that the base of
the jack is steady and flat on the ground.
3 Remove the wheel cover (where appli-
cable).
Loosen the wheel bolts by half a turn.
4 Wind the jack to raise the wheel clear of
the ground. Remove the wheel bolts and
lift off the wheel.
5 Fit the wheel and screw in the bolts in the
sequence shown (opposite pairs).
Tighten the bolts enough for the bolts
and wheel to be seated correctly.
6 Lower the car and tighten the wheel
bolts to the correct torque in the
sequence shown (opposite pairs).
Tightening torque
Light-alloy wheels: 80 ft.lbs. (110 Nm)
Steel wheels: 80 ft.lbs. (110 Nm)
Do not overtighten the bolts using a per-
cussion nut tightener: not only can this
damage the wheels but it can also make
it impossible to undo the bolts using the
wheel wrench in the car’s toolkit. 7 Check-tighten the wheel bolts after a
few miles.
Tightening torque
Light-alloy wheels: 80 ft.lbs. (110 Nm)
Steel wheels: 80 ft.lbs. (110 Nm)NOTEApply the jack only to the jacking points
indicated.
NOTEWhen refitting wheel covers (where
applicable), make sure that the valve
protrudes through the hole in the wheel
cover.
IB1130
Jacking points for a trolley jack
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266 IndexSteering, technical data
__________ 256
Stone-chip damage, repairing
______ 233
Storage compartments
___________ 131
Sun visors
_____________________ 130
Sunroof
_______________________ 128
Suspension
____________________ 256
Suspension, technical data
________ 256
Switches
_______________________ 63
Systems, adjustment
____________ 261
TTCS OFF
______________________ 53
Table of fuses __________________ 217
Tachometer
_____________________ 54
Tailgate, opening
________________ 38
Tank gauge
_____________________ 55
Technical data _________________ 249
Telematics
____________________ 107
Temperature control, ACC
_________ 72
Temperature gauge, engine ________ 55
Temperature zones, ACC
__________ 72
Textile carpeting
________________ 232
Through-load hatch ______________ 136
Tie Downs
_____________________ 136
Tightening torque, wheel studs
_____ 226
Tire markings
_____________ 221
, 222
Tire pressure
______________ 179
, 221
Tires
____________________ 221
, 257
Tools
_________________________ 144
Touching-in the paintwork
_________ 233
Towbar attachment
______________ 174Towbar load
___________________176
Towing the car _________________181
Towing, automatics
______________181
Traction
_______________________169
Trailer weights
__________________251
Trionic
________________________191
Trip computer
___________________57
Trip meter
______________________54
Trunk
_________________________134
Trunk lid, opening
________________38
Turbo gauge
____________________56
Turbo, points to note
_____________151
UUnder the hood, 3.0t V6
__________190
Under the hood, 4-cyl
____________189
Upholstery and trim
______________231
Upholstery and trim, care of
_______231
Useful tips, ACC
_________________78
VVanity mirrors
__________________130
Ventilated front seats
____________123
Viscosity, engine oil
_____________252
WWarning labels
___________________8
Warning light, AIR BAG
___________30
Warning lights
___________________48
Warning triangle ________________144Washers
_____________________ 203
Washers, windshield
____________ 204
Washing the car
_______________ 232
Waxing and polishing
___________ 233
Wear indicators, tires ____________ 223
Wheels and tires
___________ 221
, 257
Wheels and tires, sizes
__________ 257
Window-glass sensor, car alarm
____ 42
Windshield washers
_____________ 68
Windshield wipers
_______________ 68
Wiper blades, headlamp
_________ 203
Wiper blades, replacing __________ 203
Wipers and washers
_________ 68
, 203
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