2001 BMW 540i Ignition

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160-25
Fuel Tank and Fuel pump1
The 312-way valve is also activated briefly if an engine misfire
is detected. This provides full fuel flow through the fuel rail to
determine if the misfire was caused by a lean fuel condition.
The valve is monitored by the ECM forfaults.
- Using BMW or compatible scan tool, read out fault memory.
See
OBD On-Board Diagnostics.
- Turn off ignition.
- Raise car and support safely.
CA UTIOW
Male sure the car is stable and well suppodedat all times.
Use a professional automotive lift
orjack stands designed for
the purpose.
A floor jack is not adequate support.
- Worlting under car beneath driver's seat, remove protective
panel from fuel filter and 312-way valve.
- Clamp off fuel lines at 312-way valve.
4 To remove 312-way valve (V-8 model shown):
Disconnect electrical harness connector
(A) from valve.
Remove vacuum hose
(B) from fuel pressure regulator.
* Remove hose clamps (arrows) and disconnect fuel lines.
Remove
M6 mounting nuts and lower 312-way valve.
WARNING-
Fuel will be spilled. Use shop rags to capture fuelas fuellines
are disconnected. Do not
smoke or work near heaters or oth-
er fire hazards.
- Installation is reverse of removal. Use new hose clamps
NOTE-
Install protective cover and seals correctly to keep moisture
and road dirt out of underbody fuel system components.
Tightening torques Hose clamps
8 - 13 mm dia.
2 Nm (18 in-lb)
Hose clamps
10 - 16 mm dia.
2 Nm (18 in-lb)
Hose clamps
18 mm dia. 3 Nm (27 in-lb)
Hose clamps 42
- 48 mm dia. 4 Nm 136 in-ib)

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170-1 1
Radiator and Cooling system/
4 Remove drain plug (arrow) at bottom of radiator.
Coolant is poisonous. It is especially lethal to pets. Clean up
spills immediately and rinse the area with
wate,: If coolant is
- Place a 3-gallon pail beneath the engine block. Remove en-
gine block coolant drain plug and drain coolant.
< M52 TU 1 M54 engine: Bloclc drain plug is located on exhaust
side of engine block at cylinder
2 (arrow).
M52 engine:
Bloclc drain plug is located on exhaust side of
engine
bloclc between cylinders 3 and 4.
- Reinstall radiator and engine block drain plugs using new
sealing washers.
- Before refilling radiator:
Switch ignition to
ON. (Do not start engine).
Set temperature controls to full warm.
Set blower control to low.
- Using a coolant mixture of 50% antifreeze and 50% distilled
water, fill expansion tank slowly. Continue until coolant
emerges from bleed screw. Cooling system capacity is listed
in Table c. Cooling system capacity (6-cylinder models).
NOTE-
Be sure radiator bleed screw is loose when filling cooling
system.
Tap water may cause corrosion of radiator, engine and
coolant hoses.
Coolant can be reusedprovided it is clean and less than
two years old. Do not reuse coolant when replacing dam-
aged engine parts.
- Bleed cooling system. See Cooling system, bleeding
Table c. Cooling system capacity (6-cylinder models)
Engine Capacity
M52, M52TU, M54
10.5 liters (1 1.1 US qls)

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170-1 2
I Radiator and Cooling System
Tightening torques
Block drain plug to
block 25 Nm (1 8 ft-ib)
Radiator drain plug to radiator
2-3 Nm (18-27 in-lb)
Coolant, draining and filling (V-8 models)
WARNING -
Allow the cooling system to cool before opening or draining
the cooling system.
- Raise front of car and support safely.
I WARNING- 1
Make sure the car is stable and well supported at all times.
Use a professional automotive lift
orjack stands designed for
I the purpose. A floorjack is not adequate support 1
- Remove splash shield from under engine.
Loosen radiator bleed screw at top radiator fining (arrow).
Remove cap from radiator expansion tank. With ignition
switch in
ON position, set temperature controls to full warm.
Place 5-gallon pail underneath radiator.
4 Remove drain plug (arrow) on bottom of radiator and allow
coolant to drain.
NOTE-
For radiators without drain plug, remove lower hose to drain
radiator.
WARNING
-
Coolant is poisonous. It is especially lethal to pets. Clean up
spills immediately and rinse the area with water. If coolant is
ingested, immediately seek medical attention.

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170-1 3
Radiator and Cooling ~vsteml
< V-8 engine bloclc drain plugs (one shown at arrow) are locat-
ed on each side of engine block (exhaust manifold removed
for photo).
- Place 5-gallon pail underneath engine block coolant drain
plugs.
- Remove engine bloclc coolant drain plugs and drain coolant.
- Reinstall radiator and engine block drain plugs using new
sealing washers.
- Before refilling radiator:
Switch ignition to
ON. (Do not start engine)
Set temperature controls to full warm.
- Set blower control to low.
- Using a coolant mixture of 50% antifreeze and 50% distilled
water, fill expansion tank slowly. Continue until coolant
emerges from bleed screw. Cooling system capacity is listed
in Tabled. Cooling system capacity
(V-8 models).
NOTE- Be sure radiator bleed screw is loose when filling cooling
system.
Tap water may cause corrosion of radiator, engine and
coolant hoses.
Coolant can often be reused provided it is clean and less
than two years old. Do not reuse coolant when replacing
damaged engine parts.
- Bleed cooling system. See Cooling system, bleeding
Tabled. Cooling system
capacity (V-8 models)
M62, M62 TU 12.0 liters (12.7 US qts)
Tightening torques
Block drain plug
25 Nm (18 ft-lb)
Radiator drain plug
2 - 3 Nm (18 - 27 in-lb)

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Radiator and Cooling System
Cooling system, bleeding
Trapped air in the cooling system can prevent proper coolant
circulation and overheating. Wheneverthe coolant is drained
and filled, bleed the cooling system to remove trapped air.
4 Loosen bleed screw (arrow) on radiator expansion tank.
- Set temperature controls in passenger compartment to full
warm, set blower to low setting and turn ignition to
ON posi-
tion (do not start engine).
CAUTIOIG
On late model cars with latent heat pump, do not turn ignition
to ON position.
- Slowly add coolanUdistilled water mixture to expansion tank
until it spills from bleed screw. When coolant spilling from
bleed screws is free of air bubbles, tighten screw and replace
cap on expansion tank.
Run engine until it reaches operating temperature,
- After engine has cooled, recheck coolant level.
Top up so that coolant level indicator is at MAX.
- If trapped air cannot be bled manually, pressure-bleed sys-
tem using cooling system pressure tester.
CA UTlON--
Always use genuine BMW coolant or its equivalent to avoid
the formation of harmful, clogging deposits
in the cooling sys-
tem.
Tightening torque
Radiator bleed screw to radiator 2.5 Nm (22 in-lb)
Mechanical (viscous clutch) cooling fan,
removing and installing
The procedure given here describes the removal of the me-
chanical fan and fan shroud. It is possible to remove the fan
without the shroud.
< Working at top of fan shroud:
Remove expansion tank bleed screw (arrow) and expan-
sion tank locking tabs.
Push top of expansion
tank toward engine and lift to free
from lower mounts.
- Remove two expansion rivets in upper corners of fan shroud.
Unclip expansion tank bleed hose located under shroud.

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250-7
Gearshift ~inka~el
Automatic shiftlock, checking function (automatic transmission)
The automatic shiftlock uses an electric solenoid to lock the
selector lever in Park or Neutral. Depressing the foot bralte
with the ignition on energizes the solenoid, allowing the lever
to be moved into a drive gear. The solenoid is energized only
when the engine speed is below 2,500 rpm and the vehicle
speed is below
3 mph (5 kph). The solenoid is mounted in the
right side of the selector lever housing.
... nir r
Shiftlock
4 Automatic shiftlock prevents drive gear selection until brake
pedal is depressed.
With engine running and car stopped, place selector lever
in Park or Neutral.
Without depressing bralte pedal, check that selector lever
is
loclted in position (Parlt or Neutral).
Depress brake pedal firmly. Solenoid should click audibly.
Check that selector lever can now be moved out of
Parlt or
Neutral.
parking
brake on and with extreme caution.
solenoid
0012713
With selector
lever in Park or Neutral and bralte pedal de-
pressed, raise engine above 2,500
rpm. Check that selec-
tor lever cannot be moved out of Park or Neutral.
If any faults are found check the electrical operation of the
shiftloclt solenoid and checlt for wiring faults to or from the
transmission control module (TCM). See
610 Electrical
Component Locations and ELE Electrical Wiring
Dia-
grams.
NOTE-
NOTE-
The solenoidis controlled via the TCM, using brake pedalpo-
sition, engine speed, and road speed as controlling inputs.
The
next test should be performed in an open area with the

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250-8
Gearshift Linkage
-;Ag Gate "",?it.,
Shift interlock, checking function
(automatic transmission)
4 The shift interlock uses a cable between the ignition switch
and the shift lever to lock the shift lever in the park position
when the key is in the off position or removed. This feature
also prevents the key
from being removed from the ignition
lock until the selector lever is in Park.
Shift selector lever to Park position and turn ignition key to
the off position.
Remove ignition key. Checlc that selector lever cannot be
shifted out of Park position.
Turn ignition lkey on and depress
brake pedal. Checlc that
selector lever moves freely from gear to gear.
With selector lever in a gear position other than Park, at-
tempt to turn lkey to off position and remove. Key should not
go into off position.
If any faults are found check cable for lkinks and
check
cable attachment points for damage or faults.
NOTE-
* It must only be possible to remove ignition ley with
selector lever
in Park position.
* Do not link shift interlocl( cable.
Shift interlock repair is covered
in 320 Steering and
Wheel Alignment.

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Suspension, Steering and Brakes - ~enerail
The main components of the system are the wheel speed
(pulse) sensors, the
ABSIASC or ABSIDSC control module,
and the hydraulic control unit.
Traction control also comes into operation during decelera-
tion. Decelerating on snowy or icy road surfaces can lead to
rear wheel slip. If a rear wheel starts to drag or lock up, the
ASC system can limit the problem by adjusting throttle, fuel
injection and ignition timing.
4 A switch (arrow) on the center console is used to toggle the
ASC on or off.
NOJE-
Even with the ASC system turned off, if the ASC control mod-
ule senses a difference in wheel speed (one wheel spinning)
the
ASC system applies modulated braling force to the slip-
ping wheel until traction is regained. There is no override of
fuelinjection function.
The ASC system is designed to be maintenance free. There
are no adjustments that can be made. Repair and trouble-
shooting of the ASC system requires special test equipment
and knowledge and should be performed only by an autho-
rized
BMW dealer.
ABSIASC traction
I 1.
control system
Wheel speed sensor
Wheel speed pulse wheel
Brake disk
Brake caliper
ABSIASC hydraulic unit
Brake master cylinder
Pedal operated throttle valve
ASC controlled throttle valve
Engine control module (ECM)
Accelerator pedal
ABSlASC control module