2000 BMW 528i Leak detection pump

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I Fuel Injection
Release injector locking clips at each injector and pry injector
wiring duct up off injectors.
Clamp off fuel supply line and fuel return line at end of fuel
rail. Disconnect fuel supply fuel return lines from fuel rail.
WARNING -
Clamp off the fuel lines and then wrap a clean shop towel
around the lines before removing them. Residual
fuelpres-
sure is present in the lines.
Fuel is discharged. Do not disconnect any wires that
could cause electrical
sparks. Do not smoke or work
near heaters or other fire hazards. Keep an approved
I fire extinguisher handy. I
- Remove fuel rail mounting fasteners
- Pull up on fuel rail and remove individual injectors by remov-
ing injector retaining clip and pulling injector from rail.
- Installation is reverse of removal. Fit new O-rings when in-
stalling injectors. For ease of installation, lightly lubricate in-
jector O-ring with
SAE9O gear lube.
Tightening torque Fuel rail to
intake manifold 10 Nm (89 in-lb)
Evaporative emissions, overview
On E39 MS 41 .I cars, the evaporative emissions system is
combined with the tank ventilation system. The evaporative
system is monitored by the ECM for correct purge operation
and leak detection.
The carbon (purge) canister is purged using engine vacuum
via the
purgevalve.The purgevalve (located nextto the mass
airflow sensor) is ECM controlled and regulates the purge
flow into the intake manifold. The valve is powered open and
closed by an internal spring.
If the evaporative emission valve circuit is faulty, a fault code
is set and the MIL is illuminated when OBD
II fault criteria are
exceeded. If the valve is mechanically faulty, poor driveability
may result and a mixture adaptation fault is stored in the
ECM.
The leak diagnosis pump (LDP) is activated by the ECM and
pressurizes the fuel tank and evaporative system as apart of
theOED I1 leakdetection monitor. If the LDP orthe LDP circuit
is defective, afault code is set and the MIL is illuminated when
OBD
I1 fault criteria are exceeded. The LDP is mounted the
left rear wheel well behind the fender liner.

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Fuel Injection 1
NOTE-
The 1998 5281' with MS 41.1 requires a barometric pressure
sensor input signal for activation of the
LDP check. This sen-
sor is located on the passenger side strut tower
fo~lard of
ABS/ASC hydraulic unit.
Evaporative emissions
1. ECM
2. Purge valve
3. Leak detection pump (LDP) (in
lefl rear wheel housing)
4. Filter
5. Liquid vapor separator
6. Purge canister
7. Fuel tank
Secondary air injection, overview
The secondary air system pumps ambient air into the exhaust
stream afler a cold engine start to reduce the warm up time of
the catalytic converters and to reduces HC and CO emis-
sions. The ECM controls and monitors the secondary air in-
jection system. The secondary air pump operates at a start
temperature of between 10°C (50°F) and 40°C (104°F) and
continues to operate for a maximum of
2 minutes at idle
speed.
The electric air pump draws in ambient air and supplies it to
the divertervalve. The vacuum ventvalve (solenoid) switches
vacuum to open the divertervalve when activated by the
ECM. Once opened, the diverter valve allows air to be
pumped into the exhaust stream.

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-
Fuel Injection
ECM relay, testing
The engine control module (ECM) relay is energized via the
ECM and supplies battery positive
(Bc) power to many of the
engine management components and subsystems. If this re-
lay is faulty, the engine will not start.
NOTE-
The ECM relay is also referred to as the DME main relay
ECM relay powers:
ECM
Ignition coils
* Fuel injection
Evaporative leak detection pump
Idle air actuator
- Camshaft sensors Evaporative emissions valve
Hot film mass air flow sensor
Fuel pump relay
Oxygen sensor heaters
4 Working in right rear of engine compartment:
Release interior ventilation filter cover latch
(A) and re-
move cover.
Release plastic locking tab
(B).
Rotate duct inward (arrow) to unlock from bulk head and
remove duct.
Release spring lock
(C) to remove lower filter housing.
Slide filter housing away from inner fender to remove.
- Remove electrical box (E-box) cover fasteners and remove
cover.
With ignition off, remove ECM relay (arrow) in electronics
box (E-box) at rear of engine compartment, right side.
NOTE-
Relay locations can vary Confirm relay identification by
matching wiring colors and terminal numbers.

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Fuel Injection
M5.2 system features
The Bosch M5.2 system used on 1997 540i models uses an
88-pin control unit. The
M5.2 system has the following func-
tions and capabilities:
Fully sequential cylinder-individual fuel injection.
Integrated adaptive knock control.
Oxygen sensor fuel mixture control.
0 Self-diagnosis and emergency operation characteristics.
CAN-Bus link.
0 OED II functions (misfire detection, catalytic converter
monitoring, oxygen sensor monitor, and fuel tank ventila-
tion system).
Electronic vehicle immobilization via EWS.
One-touch starter function.
Control of characteristic map thermostat.
M5.2.1 system features
The Bosch M5.2.1 system is used on 1998 540i models. The
M5.2.1 control module utilizes the SKE (standard shell con-
struction housing) with 5 connectors and a combined total of
134 pins.
The M5.2.1 systefn has
tile following functions or capabilities:
Separate power supply relay for ignition coils. Leak diagnosis pump (LDP) control and feedback
rnonitor-
ing for evaporative system leak testing.
Fuel evaporative system providing ORVR (on-board refuel-
ing vapor recovery) compliancy.
Batterylalternator charge logic (idle speed varied with the
battery state of charge).
CAN-Bus communications with the instrument cluster
EWS
Ill "rolling code" ISN interface.
More sensitive ignition
knock sensors.
Pulse width modulated (P-W-M) Heating and
AIC (IHKA)
status signal.
Running loss (312-way) solenoid valve.

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- Fuel Injection
ECM relay, testing
The engine control module (ECM) relay is energized via the
ECM and supplies battery positive
(B+) power to many of the
engine
management components and subsystems. If this re-
lay is faulty, the engine will not start.
CAUTIOI\C
Relay positions can vary. Be sure to confirm relay position by
identifying the wiring
in the socket using the wiring diagrams
in ELE Electrical Wiring Diagrams.
NOTE-
The ECM relay is also referred to as the DME main relay.
ECM relay powers:
* ECM
Ignition coils
Fuel injection
Evaporative leak detection pump
(5.2.1 only)
Idle air actuator
Camshaft sensors Evaporative emissions valve
Hot film mass air flow sensor
Fuel pump relay
Oxygen sensor heaters
4 Working in right rear of engine compartment:
Release interior ventilation filter cover latch
(A) and re-
move cover.
Release plastic locking tab
(B).
Rotate duct inward (arrow) to unloclc from bulk head and
remove duct.
0 Release spring lock (C) to remove lower filter housing.
Slide filter housing away from inner fender to remove.
- Remove electrical box (E-box) cover fasteners and remove
cover.

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130-59
Fuel Injection
:-- -i. Evaporative emissions
1.
control diagram (M5.2.1)
i 1
i I @ 1. ECM r.=.:-:, 2. Purge valve
3. Leak detection pump (LDP)
4. Liquid vapor separator
5. Purge canister
6. Filter
Bosch M5.2 ECM pin assignments
(M62 up to 911997)
Tabled. Bosch M5.2 ECM pin assignments
I' 1- 1. . . -
4 1 output / Cyl. 4 fuel injection valve I Cyl. 4 fuel injection valve (cycled ground)
Pin
1
2
3
i I
I
7 / output I Cyl. 6 fuel injection valve I Cyl. 6 fuel injection valve (cycled ground)
Type
output
output
output
I I ,
8 1 output I Malfunction indicator light (MIL) (USA only) I lliumlnated for exhaust gas related diagnostic trouble code
5
Component/function
Oxygen sensor heater signal
Idle speed control -closing winding
Cvl. 1 fuel iniection valve Note
DME heated oxygen sensor
1 splice
idle speed control valve (cycled ground)
Cvl. 1 fuel iniection valve lcvcled around)
6 1 ground I Fuel injection valve ground 1 Ground
output
9
Not
used
Not used
11
12
13
Cyl. 5 fuel injection valve
10 1 input I Electronic immobilizer (EWS) / Electronic immobilizer (EWS) control unit
input
Heated oxygen sensor signal Cyl.
5 fuel injection
valve (cycled ground)
output
input
input
16
Start signal Starter relay
NC compressor signal
Terminal
50 signal
Knock sensor signal
17 1 ground I Hot film mass air flow (MAF) sensor ground I Hot film mass air flow (MAF) sensor ground
output Heating and
A/C control module
Ignition switch
Knock sensor
Intake air temperature intake air temperature sensor (voltage value)

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160 Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump
General ........................... .I6 0.2
Special tools ........................ .I6 0.2
Fuel pump ......................... .I6 0.3
Fuel tank evaporative control system ..... .I6 0.3
Evaporative system troubleshooting ..... .I6 0.4
Warnings and cautions ................ .I6 0.5
Fuel System Troubleshooting ...... .I6 0.6
Fuel pump fuse and relay .............. .I6 0.6
Operating fuel pump for tests ........... .I6 0.6
Fuel pump electrical circuit, testing ...... .I6 0.7
Fuel pump power consumption, testing ... .I6 0.9
Fuel pressure gauge, installing
(6-cylinder models)
................. .I6 0.1 0
Fuel pressure gauge, installing
(V-8 models) ....................... .I6 0.1 1
Fuel delivery, testing ................ .I6 0.12
Fuel Pump and Fuel Level Sender . . 160-15
Fuel level sender (right side) and
fuel pump. removing and installing
...... 160-15
Fuel level sender (left side).
removing and installing
............... 160-17
Siphon pump. removing and installing .... 160-1 9
Fuel Tank and Fuel Lines .......... 160-20
Fuel tank. draining ................... 160-20
Fuel tank. removing and installing ....... 160-21
Fuel expansion tank. removing
and installing
....................... 160-23
Activated carbon canister I fuel tank
leak detection unit
(LDP or DMTL).
removing and installing ............... 160-24
Running losses (312-way) valve.
removing and installing
............... 160-24

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Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump
Fuel pump
The electric fuel pump is mounted in the fuel tank in tandem
with the right side fuel level sender. The fuel pump delivers
pressurized fuel to the fuel injection system.
A pressure regu-
lator maintains system pressure. The quantity of fuel supplied
exceeds demand, so excess fuel returns to the fuel tank via a
return line. See
130 Fuel Injection for more information.
NOTE-
Fuel pump removal procedures are given under Fuel level
sender (right side) and fuel pump, removing and install-
ing.
Fuel tank evaporative control system
Evaporative control, also referred to as running losses con-
trol, is designed to prevent fuel system evaporative losses
from venting into the atmosphere.
The components of this system allow control and monitoring
of evaporative losses by the on-board diagnostic
(OED II)
software incorporated into the engine control module (ECM).
NOTE-
1997 V-8 models (540i) with Bosch DME M5.2 are not
equipped with an
OBD I1 running losses monitoring system.
Fuel tank evaporative
control system
(models with
DME MS42.0)
4 The main components of the evaporative control system and
their functions:
Fuel overflow
tank acts as a liquidlvapor separator
Carbon canister stores evaporated fuel.
Plumbing ducts vapors from fuel tank to canister and from
canister to intake
manifold.
- Carbon canister purge valve is controlled by enginecontrol
module (ECM).
Running losses or 312-way valve (not shown) shunts ex-
cess fuel volume directly
back to fuel tank before it circu-
lates through injector fuel rail (models with Siemens MS42
or Bosch M5.2.1 engine management only).
Leak detection unit (LDP or DMTL) pressurizes fuel
tank
and evaporative system to monitor system leaks (models
with Siemens MS42 or Bosch M5.2.1 and later).
Leak detection systems vary among models and years, and
are further described in
130 Fuel Injection.
NOTE -
"3/2-way valve", 'tunning losses valve" and "fuel changeover
valve" are used interchangeably
in BMW technical literature.