1999 VOLVO S80 winter tires

gear).
· When starting in the (M)anual position, 3rd gear is the highest gear that may be selected.
NOTE: Kickdown (see previous page) does not function when the transmission is in the manual shift (geartronic)
mode.
W Winter/Wet driving mode - enhanced vehicle traction
· Mode W will only function if the gear selector is in the (D)rive position.
· Press the button at the base of the gear selector to engage/disengage this driving mode (see illustration).
· An LED in the button will light up to indicate that W is engaged and this will also be displayed in the instrument
panel (see page 23
).
· This mode may be selected for starting/moving off on slippery roads.
pg. 69 Driving economy
Economical driving conserves natural resources
Better driving economy may be obtained by thinking ahead, avoiding rapid starts and stops and adjusting the speed of
your vehicle to immediate traffic conditions. Observe the following rules:
· Bring the engine to normal operating temperature as soon as possible by driving with a light foot on the accelerator
pedal for the first few minutes of operation. A cold engine uses more fuel and is subject to increased wear.
· Whenever possible, avoid using the car for driving short distances. This does not allow the engine to reach normal
operating temperature.
· Drive carefully and avoid rapid acceleration and hard braking.
· Do not exceed posted speed limits.
· Avoid carrying unnecessary items (extra load) in the car.
· Maintan correct tire pressure. Check tire pressure regularly (when tires are cold).
· Remove snow tires when threat of snow or ice has ended.
· Note that roof racks, ski racks, etc., increase air resistance and also fuel consumption.
· Avoid using automatic transmission kickdown feature unless necessary.
· Avoid using the air conditioning when it is not required. When engaged, the air conditioner's compressor places an
additional load on the engine. However, please note that fuel consumption is lower with the air conditioning on than it
is when driving with the air conditioning switched off and the windows down.
· If your car is equipped with the optional Trip Computer, utilizing the fuel consumption modes can help you "learn"
how to drive more economically.
Other factors which decrease gas mileage are:
· Worn or dirty spark plugs
· Incorrect spark plug gap
· Dirty air cleaner
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VOLVO S80
Chapter 7 - Wheels and tires
pg. 79 Wheels and tires
General information, Wear indicator, Tire economy, Flat spots80
Snow chains, Winter tires81
Inflation pressure, Spare tire82
Uniform tire quality grading83
Changing wheels84
pg. 80 Wheels and tires
General information
Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the tire information label on the inside of the fuel tank cover.
The following is an example of a tire designation code: 225/55 R16
225 = tire width in mm.
55 = tire profile. This is the relationship (in percent) between the section height and width of the tire.
R = radial tires.
16 = diameter in inches.
The tires have good road holding characteristics and offer good handling on dry and wet surfaces. It should be noted
however that the tires have been developed to give these features on snow/icefree surfaces. Certain models are
equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higher degree of road holding on slippery surfaces
than tires without the "all-season" rating. However, for optimum road holding on icy or snow covered roads we
recommend suitable winter tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same
size designation, type (radial) and preferably from the same manufacturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there is a risk
of altering the car's roadholding and handling characteristics.
NOTE: When storing wheel/tire assemblies (e.g. winter tires and wheels), either stand the assemblies upright, or
suspend them off the ground. Laying wheel/tire assemblies on their sides for prolonged periods can cause wheel and/or
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Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snow chain information.
CAUTION:
· Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing.
· Always follow the chain manufacturer's installation instructions carefully. Install chains as tightly as possible and
retighten periodically.
· Never exceed the chain manufacturer's specified maximum speed limit. (Under no circumstances should that limit be
higher than
31 mph (50 km/h).
· Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns when driving with snow chains.
· The handling of the vehicle can be adversely affected when driving with chains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as well as
locked wheel braking.
Snow tires, studded tires *
Tires for winter use:
Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods of snow or icy driving
conditions are strongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of traction.
It is important to install winter tires on all four wheels to help retain traction during cornering, braking, and
accelerating. Failure to do so could reduce traction to an unsafe level or adversely affect handling. Do not mix tires of
different design as this could also negatively affect overall tire road grip.
Volvo recommends 215/55 R16 winter tires on all four wheels .
Winter tires wear more quickly on dry roads in warm weather. They should be removed when the winter driving
season has ended.
Studded tires should be runin 300600 miles (5001000 km) during which the car should be driven as smoothly as
possible to give the studs the opportunity to seat properly in the tires. The tires should have the same rotational
direction throughout their entire lifetime. In other words, if you wish to rotate the wheels, make sure that the same
wheels are always on the same side of the car.
NOTE: Please consult state or provincial regulations restricting the use of studded winter tires before installing such
tires.
* Where permitted.
pg. 82 Wheels and tires
Tire pressure label
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Loosen wheel bolts
· Position the jack on the bar in the attachment (A in the illustration in right column) and crank while simultaneously
guiding the base of the jack to the ground. The base of the jack must be flat on a level, firm, non-slippery surface.
Before raising the car, check that the jack is still correctly positioned in the attachment.
· Raise the vehicle until the wheel to be changed is lifted off the ground.
· Unscrew the wheel bolts completely and carefully remove the wheel so as not to damage the thread on the studs.
Attaching the jack
NOTE: To avoid excessive wear and the necessity of rebalancing, mark and reinstall wheels in the same location and
position as before removal. To lessen the chance of imbalance, each wheel hub is equipped with a guide stud to ensure
that a removed wheel can be reinstalled in its original position (as when changing over to winter tires/wheels).
pg. 85 Changing wheels
Correct tightening order for wheel bolts
Installing the wheel
· Clean the contact surfaces on the wheel and hub.
· Lift the wheel and place it on the hub. Make sure that you align the wheel with the guide stud on the wheel hub prior
to installation.
· Install the wheel bolts crosswise (see illustration above) and tighten by turning lightly clockwise.
· Lower the vehicle to the ground and alternately tighten the bolts crosswise to 87 ft. lbs. (120 Nm).
· Install the wheel cap (where applicable).
WARNING!
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Vanity mirrors36
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)118
Vehicle loading122
Ventilation40
Volumes (oils and fluids)121
Volvo On Call124
W
Warning flashers33
Warning light - center24
Warning lights24-25
Warranty102
Washer fluid reservoir108, 121
Washer fluid solvent76
Washing the car100-101
Waxing101
Weight distribution70
Weights119
Wheels - changing84,85
Wheels and tires80-85
Whiplash Protection System (WHIPS)10
Windows - electrically operated35
Windshield washer solvent76
Windshield wiper blades - replacing116
Windshield wipers/washers31
Winter driving76
Winter tires81
Winter/Wet driving mode66, 68, 76
Wiper blades - replacing116

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