1999 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY oil

REAR AXLE
51-10 OVERHAUL
9.Remove pinion flange
NOTE: Older front differentials have a square
flange and an extra spacer fitted, this spacer
must be removed. Later front differentials have
a round flange but no spacer fitted.
10.Using a lever, remove pinion oil seal.
CAUTION: Take care to avoid damage to oil
seal recess.
11.Carefully tap pinion from bearings and collect
tail bearing.
12.Remove pinion tail bearing shim and record
shim size.13.Using a bearing puller, remove pinion head
bearing.
14.Remove pinion bearing races.
15.Remove pinion head bearing shim and record
shim size.

REAR AXLE
51-12 OVERHAUL
Inspect
1.Clean and inspect all components for wear and
damage.
2.Fit planet gears and rotate to align cross shaft
holes.
3.Fit cross shaft, ensure roll pin hole is aligned.
4.Secure cross shaft with new roll pin.
5.Fit crown wheel to carrier, fit new bolts and
tighten to 60 Nm (44 lbf.ft).
6.Ensure original head bearing shim is clean and
free from burrs and fit under bearing race.
7.Ensure pinion bearing cup recesses are clean
and free of burrs and using LRT-51-018-4 fit
pinion head and tail bearing races.
8.Fit pinion head bearing to pinion.
9.Lubricate bearings with thin oil.
10.Ensure original tail bearing shim is clean and
free from burrs and fit under bearing race.
11.Fit pinion and pinion tail bearing.
12.Fit pinion flange, washer and bolt.
13.Use LRT-51-003 to restrain pinion flange.
14.Tighten pinion flange bolt to 100 Nm (74 lbf.ft).
15.Check pinion for end float. Should read zero.16.Rotate pinion several times to settle bearings,
check pinion Torque to Turn. Torque to Turn
should be recorded during pinion rotation.
Pinion Torque to Turn should be 4 to 6 Nm (3 to
4.5 lbf.ft).
17.Adjust size of tail bearing shim to obtain correct
pinion Torque to Turn (0.025 mm = 1 Nm
(0.001' = 0.7 lbf.ft) approximately).
18.Position LRT-51-018-7 on surface plate,
establish zero and reference DTI.
19.Ensure pinion height setting block, setting
gauge and mating faces are clean and free
from burrs.
20.Locate setting block LRT-51-018/11 over
pinion head, ensure it is fully seated in position.

REAR AXLE
OVERHAUL 51-13
21. Pinion height setting procedure:
l'A' = Nominal pinion height setting, 74.390.
l'B' = Setting block height.
l'C' = Head height setting.
l'C' = 'A' - 'B'. Subtract nominal pinion height
'A' from setting block height 'B' (on side of
setting block).
lExample: 74.390 - 73.130 = 1.26 mm
(2.929' - 2.88' = 0.049'). Therefore pinion
head height reading is 1.260 mm ± 0.025
mm (0.049' ± 0.001').
CAUTION: Setting block height must be
checked using figures on side of block.
22.Align setting gauge LRT-51-018/7 to setting
block, rock gauge to obtain minimum reading. If
reading is lower than required reading,
decrease shim size. If reading is higher than
required reading, increase shim size.
23.Using LRT-51-003 to restrain pinion flange,
remove bolt and washer. Remove pinion
flange.
24.Remove pinion, collect tail bearing and tail
bearing shim.
25.Remove pinion head bearing outer race and
shim. Discard shim. Ensure bearing race
recess is clean and free from burrs.26.Fit calculated shim, and using LRT-51-018/4 fit
head bearing outer race.
27.Fit pinion, pinion tail bearing and tail bearing
shim.
28.Fit pinion flange and bolt and washer. Using
LRT-51-003 to restrain pinion flange, tighten
bolt to 100 Nm (74 lbf.ft).
29.Rotate pinion in both directions to settle
bearings.
30.Recheck pinion Torque to Turn, adjust if
necessary.
31.Recheck pinion head height.
32.Using LRT-51-003 to restrain pinion flange,
remove bolt and washer. Remove pinion
flange.
33.Discard bolt.
34.Using LRT-51-010 fit pinion seal.
35.Ensure spacer and tail bearing are correctly
located.
36.Fit pinion, pinion flange and washer.
37.Fit new pinion flange bolt and tighten to 100 Nm
(74 lbf.ft).
38.Lightly oil differential bearings.
39.Ensure spring dowels are fitted in bearing caps.
40.Fit differential bearing outer races and locate
differential assembly into housing.
41.Fit bearing caps and tighten bolts to 10 Nm (7.5
lbf.ft).

FRONT AXLE
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 54-1
FRONT AXLE DESCRIPTION AND OPERAT ION
Front axle component layout
1Stake nut
2Hub flange
3Hub bearing
4Steering knuckle
5Drive shaft
6Oil seal
7Bolt
8Bolt
9Washer10Drive flange
11Oil seal
12Differential unit
13Drain plug
14Axle casing
15Breather tube
16Oil level plug
17'O' ring

FRONT AXLE
54-2 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Description
General
The front axle consists of an axle casing with a differential unit attached to the right of the vehicle centre line. A wheel
hub is installed in a steering knuckle at each end of the axle casing and connected to the differential unit by a drive
shaft.
Axle casing
The axle casing is of welded construction, with brackets on the casing exterior for attachment to the front suspension.
Yokes at each end of the casing incorporate upper and lower ball joints for attachment of the steering knuckles.
A differential cover on the front of the axle casing contains an oil level plug for checking and replenishment of the
differential lubricating oil. A magnetic drain plug is installed on the underside of the casing. An oil seal is installed in
each end of the axle casing to prevent leakage past the drive shafts.
The interior of the axle casing is ventilated through a breather tube inserted in a red plastic sleeve in the top of the
casing. The open end of the breather tube is located in the left rear corner of the engine compartment.
Differential unit
The differential unit is of the spiral bevel type, lubricated by splash oil. The unit consists of a differential carrier
attached to a pinion housing. In the pinion housing, the pinion is splined to a drive flange which is secured with a bolt
and washer. An oil seal prevents leakage past the drive flange.
Steering knuckle
The steering knuckles are mounted on upper and lower ball joints in the yokes at the end of the axle casing. A tension
collet, in the lower mounting point of each steering knuckle, accommodates manufacturing tolerances to enable the
correct tightening of both ball joints. Lugs are incorporated on the steering knuckles for attachment of the steering
system drag link and track rod.

FRONT AXLE
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 54-3
Wheel hub
Section through wheel hub
1Drive shaft
2Axle casing
3Gaiter
4Upper ball joint
5Constant velocity joint
6Steering knuckle
7Hub bearing
8Hub flange9Wheel stud
10Stake nut
11ABS sensor ring
12Tension collet
13Lower ball joint
14Securing bands
15Shield
16Oil seal
Each wheel hub consists of a hub flange pressed into a hub bearing.
The hub flange is splined to accept the constant velocity joint of the drive shaft, which is secured to the hub flange
with a stake nut. Five studs are installed in the hub flange for the wheel nuts and a threaded hole is provided for the
brake disc securing screw.
The outer race of the hub bearing is bolted to the steering knuckle. The hub bearing is a sealed unit which contains
twin opposed roller bearings, pre-packed with grease during manufacture. A toothed ABS sensor ring is integrated
into the inner race of the hub bearing. An opening in the outer race of the hub bearing accommodates the ABS sensor.
Drive shaft
Each drive shaft consists of a solid rod, splined at both ends, with a constant velocity joint installed on the outboard
end. A shield is incorporated onto each rod to protect the oil seals in the axle casing. The constant velocity joint is of
the ball and socket type. A shaft on the constant velocity joint is splined to the hub flange. The constant velocity joint
is pre-packed with grease and protected by a gaiter. Two securing bands retain the gaiter in position.

FRONT AXLE
REPAIRS 54-5
REPAIRS
Differential - assembly
$% 54.10.01
Remove
1.Raise front of vehicle.
WARNING: Do not work on or under a
vehicle supported only by a jack. Always
support the vehicle on safety stands.
2.Remove front road wheels.
3.Drain oil from differential.

+ MAINTENANCE, PROCEDURES,
Front and rear axle.
4.If same components to be refitted, reference
mark propeller shaft and mating components.
5.Remove 4 nuts and bolts securing propeller
shaft to differential. Release propeller shaft and
tie aside.
6.Remove LH and RH front brake discs.

+ BRAKES, REPAIRS, Brake disc -
front.7.Disconnect each ABS sensor multiplug.
8.Release each harness from brake hose and
hose bracket.

FRONT AXLE
54-6 REPAIRS
9.Remove 4 bolts securing each front wheel hub
to front axle.
10.Release wheel hubs from front axle. Remove
wheel hubs and drive shafts from front axle.
11.Remove oil seal from axle casing.
12.Remove 10 bolts securing differential to axle
casing. Release and remove differential from
axle casing.Refit
1.Clean drive shaft oil seal recess, oil seal
running surface, wheel hub and axle mating
faces.
2.Using a suitable solvent, remove all traces
sealant from differential and axle mating faces.
3.Applysealant, Part No. STC 3811 to differential
or axle mating face.
4.Apply sealant, Part No. STC 50552 to threads
of differential securing bolts.
5.Fit differential to axle, fit bolts and tighten to 55
Nm (41 lbf.ft).
6.Position propeller shaft and align reference
marks. Fit bolts and tighten to 47 Nm (35 lbf.ft).
7.Lubricate oil seal lip and running surface with
clean differential oil.
+ CAPACITIES, FLUIDS,
LUBRICANTS AND SEALANTS,
Lubrication.
8.Using LRT-54-012 and LRT-99-003, fit new
drive shaft oil seal to axle casing.
9.Apply anti-seize compound to wheel hub and
steering knuckle mating faces.
10.Ensure ABS harnesses are located in cut out in
steering knuckles.
11.Fit drive shafts in axle casing and align wheel
hubs with steering knuckles. Fit wheel hub bolts
and tighten to 100 Nm (74 lbf.ft).
12.Connect each ABS sensor multiplug and
secure harness to harness bracket and brake
hose.