1999 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY air suspension

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-27
Body Repairs
General
Body shells are of welded construction and bolted to
a chassis frame. Front and rear sections of the shell
are designed as 'energy absorbing' zones. This
means they are designed to deform progressively
when subjected to impact in order to minimise the
likelihood of injury to vehicle occupants.
It is essential that design dimensions and strength
are restored in accident rectification. It is important
that neither structural weakness nor excessive local
stiffness are introduced into the vehicle during body
repair.
Repairs usually involve a combination of operations
ranging from straightening procedures to renewal of
individual panels or panel assemblies. The repairer
will determine the repair method and this decision will
take into account a balance of economics between
labour and material costs and the availability of repair
facilities in both equipment and skills. It may also
involve considerations of the vehicles' downtime,
replacement vehicle availability and repair turn-
around time.
It is expected that a repairer will select the best and
most economic repair method possible, making use
of the facilities available. The instructions given are
intended to assist a skilled body repairer by
expanding approved procedures for panel
replacement. The objective is to restore the vehicle
to a safe running condition by carrying out a repair
which is as close as is feasible to original standard.
The results should not advertise to the experienced
eye that the vehicle has been damaged, although the
repair might not be identical in all respects to the
original factory build. Commercial bodyshop repair
facilities cannot always duplicate methods of
construction used during production.
Operations covered in this Manual do not include
reference to testing the vehicle after repair. It is
essential that work is inspected and suspension
geometry checked after completion. Where
necessary a road test of the vehicle should be carried
out, particularly where safety-related items are
concerned.
Where major units have been disconnected or
removed it is necessary to ensure that fluid levels are
checked and topped up where necessary. It is also
necessary to ensure that the repaired vehicle is in a
roadworthy condition in respect of tyre pressures,
lights, washer fluid etc. Body repairs often involve the removal of mechanical
and electrical units and associated wiring. Where
necessary, refer to the relevant section of the
Workshop Manual for removal and refitting
instructions.
Taking into consideration the differences in body
styles, suspension systems and engine and
transmission layouts, the location of the following
components as applicable to a particular vehicle is
critical:
lFront suspension upper damper mountings on
RH and LH chassis longitudinals.
lFront suspension or sub frame mountings.
lEngine mountings on RH and LH chassis
longitudinals.
lRear suspension upper damper mountings on
RH and LH chassis longitudinals.
lRear suspension mountings or lower pivots.
Additional points which can be used to check
alignment and assembly are:
lInner holes in cross member - side - main floor.
lHoles in front bulkhead.
lHoles in rear longitudinals.
lHoles in rear lower panels.
Apertures for windscreen, rear screen, bonnet and
doors can be measured and checked using the
dimensional information provided and also by
offering up an undamaged component as a gauge.
Straightening
Whenever possible, structural members should be
cold straightened under tension. Do not attempt to
straighten with a single pull but rework the damaged
area using a series of pulls, releasing tension
between each stage and using the opportunity to
check alignment.
Body jig
Unless damage is limited to cosmetic panels, all
repair work to body members must be carried out on
a body jig, to ensure that impact damage has not
spread into more remote parts of the structure.
Mounting on a jig will also ensure that the
straightening and panel replacement procedures do
not cause further distortion.
If original dimensions cannot be satisfactorily
restored by these methods, damaged structural
members should be replaced. Damaged areas
should be cut away using a high speed saw, NOT an
oxy-acetylene torch.
As a rule, body dimensions are symmetrical about
the centre line. A good initial check for distortion is
therefore to measure diagonally and to investigate
apparent differences in dimensions.

GENERAL DATA
04-18
Suspension
* Measurement taken with vehicle at unladen weight.
Type - Front Beam axle with coil springs, longitudinal radius arms, Panhard rod,
twin tube dampers and either anti-roll bar or active cornering
enhancement (ACE)
Nominal height from hub centre to wheel arch (not
liner)*500 ± 15 mm (19.7 ± 0.6 in)
Front road spring colour codes:
⇒ V8 LHS Pink/orange
⇒ V8 RHS - LHD Pink/orange
⇒ V8 RHS - RHD White/purple
⇒ Td5 LHS White/purple
⇒ Td5 RHS - LHD White/purple
⇒ Td5 RHS - RHD White/purple
Rear road spring colour codes:
5 seat, LHS Purple
5 seat, RHS - LHD Purple
5 seat, RHS - RHD Purple/purple
7 seat, LHS - LHD Grey/blue
7 seat, LHS - RHD Grey/green
7 seat, RHS - LHD Grey/blue
7 seat, RHS - RHD Grey/white
Bump stop height (top of bump stop to axle bracket) 44.5 mm (1.75 in)
Anti-roll bar diameter - front
⇒ With ACE fitted 35 mm (1.38 in)
⇒ Without ACE 30 mm (1.18 in)
Type - Rear Beam axle with coil or air springs, longitudinal radius arms, Watts
linkage, twin tube dampers and either anti-roll bar or active cornering
enhancement (ACE)
Nominal height from hub centre to wheel arch (not
liner):*
⇒ Coil spring 483 ± 15 mm (19.0 ± 0.6 in)
⇒ Air spring 473 ± 15 mm (18.6 ± 0.6 in)
Road spring colour code Purple (all models)
Bump stop height (top of bump stop to axle bracket):
⇒ Coil spring 71.5 mm (2.8 in)
⇒ Air spring 61.5 mm (2.4 in)
Anti-roll bar diameter - rear
⇒ With ACE fitted 35 mm (1.38 in)
⇒ Without ACE - SLS fitted 29 mm (1.14 in)
⇒ Without ACE - SLS not fitted 5 seats = 19 mm (0.75 in)
7 seats = 16 mm (0.63 in)

CAPACITIES, FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS AND SEALANTS
09-5
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Gate plate bolts STC 50552
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Gear case to
extension housingSTC 4404
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Extension housing
boltsSTC 50552
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Gear change lever
yoke Allen screwSTC 50552
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Gear case to centre
plateSTC 4404
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Detent plugs STC 50552
Manual
Gearbox -
R380Bias spring
adjustment plate
boltsSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEBottom cover plate STC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SEBottom cover plate
boltsSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEFront output
housing core plugSTC 3811
Transfer Box -
LT230SETransfer box to
gear case bolts -
Petrol and Diesel
enginesSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SETransfer box to
gear case studs -
Petrol and Diesel
enginesSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SERear cover STC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SEDifferential warning
lamp switch(es)STC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEHigh/Low selector
warning lamp
switchSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SERear output shaft
housingSTC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SERear output shaft
housing boltsSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEHigh/Low selector
fork set screwSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEInterlock solenoid
selector cover - Up
to 03 MYSTC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SEInterlock solenoid
circlip - 03 MY
onwardsSTC 50551
Transfer Box -
LT230SENeutral sensor STC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEIntermediate shaft
retaining plate boltSTC 50552Transfer Box -
LT230SESide cover STC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SESide cover bolts STC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEDifferential lock
selector shaft
detent plugSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEDifferential lock
selector housing
boltsSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEFront output shaft
housingSTC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SEFront output shaft
housing boltsSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEHigh/Low selector
shaft detent plugSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEInput gear bearing
housingSTC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SERear cover stud nut
and boltSTC 50552
Transfer Box -
LT230SEHigh/Low cross
shaft housingSTC 4600
Transfer Box -
LT230SEHigh/Low cross
shaft housing boltsSTC 50552
Automatic
gearbox -
ZFHP22-24Torque converter
housing to engine
boltsSTC 50553
Rear Axle and
Final DriveDifferential cover to
casingSTC 3811
Rear Axle and
Final DriveDifferential cover to
casing boltsSTC 50552
Front axle Differential cover to
casingSTC 3811
Front axle Differential cover to
casing boltsSTC 50552
Front
suspensionDrive shaft to hub STC 50554
Rear
suspensionDrive shaft to hub STC 50554
Rear
suspensionSLS air compressor
boltsSTC 50552

MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES 10-9
Air suspension intake filter
Check
1.Check condition of filter and that filter is clean,
replace if necessary.

+ REAR SUSPENSION, REPAIRS,
Filter - intake - SLS.
Anti-freeze
Replace
1.Replace anti-freeze.

+ COOLING SYSTEM - Td5,
ADJUSTMENTS, Drain and refill.

+ COOLING SYSTEM - V8,
ADJUSTMENTS, Drain and refill.
Cooling system
Check
1.Check cooling, intercooler and heating systems
for leaks; hoses and oil pipes for security and
condition.
2.Check accessible hose clips for tightness.
3.Check coolant level, top-up if necessary.
Top-up
1.With engine cold, remove expansion tank filler
cap.
2.Top-up with recommended mixture of coolant
until level reaches mark on expansion tank.

+ CAPACITIES, FLUIDS,
LUBRICANTS AND SEALANTS, Anti-Freeze
Concentration.
3.Fit expansion tank filler cap.

MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES 10-23
ACE actuators
Check
Actuator boots
1.Check ACE actuator gaiters for splits, damage
and clips for security.
ACE filter
Replace
1.Replace ACE filter.

+ FRONT SUSPENSION, REPAIRS,
Filter - high pressure - ACE.

FRONT AXLE
REPAIRS 54-11
Constant velocity joint - drive shaft
$% 54.20.21
Remove
1.Remove wheel hub.

+ FRONT SUSPENSION, REPAIRS,
Wheel hub.
2.Place drive shaft in vice.
3.Release both securing bands from gaiter and
discard.
4.Compress gaiter to gain access to joint.
5.Using a suitable drift against the inner part of
the joint, remove joint from shaft.
6.Remove circlip from shaft and discard.
7.Remove spacer from shaft.
8.Remove gaiter from shaft and inspect for
damage. Renew if necessary. Refit
1.Clean drive shaft and gaiter.
2.Clean spacer.
3.Fit new inner securing band to gaiter.
4.Fit gaiter to shaft.
5.Fit spacer to shaft.
6.Fit new circlip to shaft.
7.Position joint to shaft. Use a screwdriver to
press circlip into its groove and push joint fully
onto shaft.
8.Apply grease from the sachet to the joint.
9.Position gaiter to joint and fit new outer
securing band.
10.Use a Band-it thriftool to secure inner and outer
securing bands.
11.Fit wheel hub.

+ FRONT SUSPENSION, REPAIRS,
Wheel hub.

FRONT SUSPENSION
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 60-11
The ACE system uses a semi-synthetic hydraulic fluid which is the same as the fluid used for the PAS system. The
total capacity of the ACE system is 1.62 litres (0.42 US Gallons).
CAUTION: The ACE hydraulic system is extremely sensitive to the ingress of dirt or debris. The smallest
amount could render the system unserviceable. It is imperative that the following precautions are taken.
lACE components are thoroughly cleaned externally before work commences;
lall opened pipe and module ports are capped immediately;
lall fluid is stored in and administered through clean containers.
In the event of an ECU or hydraulic failure the system will fail safe to a 'locked bars' condition. The 'locked bars'
condition will allow the torsion bars to operate in a similar manner as conventional 'passive' anti-roll bars. Prolonged
cornering forces will allow a progressive increase in roll angle due to hydraulic leakage through the actuators and
valve block. Failures will be relayed to the driver by the illumination of the ACE warning lamp in the instrument pack.
Faults are recorded by the ECU and can be retrieved using TestBook.
When the ignition switch is moved to position II, the warning lamp will illuminate for two seconds to check functionality.
The warning lamp functionality can also be checked using TestBook.
TestBook must also be used to perform a bleeding procedure after maintenance operations have been performed to
ensure that complete system bleeding is performed. Trapped air in the system can seriously reduce the system
performance.
Fluid reservoir
The moulded plastic fluid reservoir is mounted on the left hand side of the engine compartment on a bracket which is
attached to the inner wing. The reservoir is dual purpose, being divided into two separate chambers; one for the ACE
system and one for the PAS system. Each chamber has its own filler neck and cap and is identified by moulded
lettering on the reservoir adjacent to each filler.
A non-serviceable filter assembly is fitted in the base of each chamber. The filter is made from fine stainless steel
mesh which is moulded into the body of the reservoir. The filter removes particulate matter from the fluid before it is
drawn into the hydraulic pump.
Upper and lower fluid level marks are moulded onto the reservoir body. The capacity of the ACE reservoir chamber
to the upper level mark is 0.5 litre (0.13 US Gallon).

FRONT SUSPENSION
REPAIRS 60-27
REPAIRS
Bushes - Panhard rod
$% 60.10.07
Remove
1.Raise front of vehicle.
WARNING: Do not work on or under a
vehicle supported only by a jack. Always
support the vehicle on safety stands.
2.Remove 2 nuts and bolts securing Panhard rod
to axle and chassis.
3.Remove Panhard rod from vehicle.
4.Use tool LRT-60-013 fitted with LRT-60-013/1
and LRT-60-013/3 to press out bushes from
Panhard rod. Refit
1.Clean bush locations in Panhard rod.
2.Use tool LRT-60-013 fitted with LRT-60-013/1
and LRT-60-013/2 to press new bushes into
Panhard rod. Ensure pressure is applied to
the outer edge of the bush, not the rubber
inner.
3.Position Panhard rod to axle and chassis.
4.Fit bolts securing Panhard rod but do not
tighten at this stage.
5.Remove stand(s) and lower vehicle.
6.Tighten bolts securing Panhard rod to 230 Nm
(170 lbf.ft).
CAUTION: Nuts and bolts must be tightened
with weight of vehicle on suspension.