1999 BMW 540i electrical

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400-9
Body-General
Battery safety terminal
(BST)
4 Starting with 1999 models (9198 production and later), a py-
rotechnic (explosive charge) device automatically discon-
nects the battery positive terminal during impacts. Key
features,
like power windows and door locks, remain opera-
tional.
Security
Electronic immobilization (EWS)
Ignition key transponder signal All
E39 vehicles incorporate an electronic immobilization sys-
tem known as EWS. This svstem uses a wireless comrnuni-
cation link between a transponder chip in the ignition key and
the ring antenna surrounding the ignition switch. The EWS
control module blocks the starting of the vehicle unless the
correct coded ignition key is used.
NOTE-
Electronic immobilization is sometimes referred to as the
driveaway protection system.
Antitheft alarm (DWA)
This is adealer-installed option for which the E39 vehicles are
factory-wired. When armed, the system monitors door
loci(
contacts and trunk and engine hood locks and sounds a siren
if it detects tampering.
E39 interiors have a unique character, with a combination
of
sporty features and innovativedesign. All body versions were
made in a wide choice of interior and exterior colors. New col-
ors with matching leather or leatherette upholstery were intro-
duced for each model year.
Driving
comfort is enhanced by power steering, tilt steering
wheel, height-adjustable front seats, and electrically adjust-
able and heated rear-view mirrors. Inside the car there are
reading lights at four seating positions.

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Instrument cluster
Instrument cluster uses large easy-to-read analog instru-
ments and is removable as a unit without removing the dash-
board. On-board computer and Check Control functions are
integrated into the instrument cluster displays.
Service Interval Display
Service Interval Display calculates vehicle service needs
based on current driving patterns, and indicates to the driver
when the car requires
service
On-board navigation
An integrated on-board navigation system, based on Global
Positioning System (GPS) technology, is optionally available
on
E39 cars. When installed, a multifunction monitor is includ-
ed in the center of the dash above the radio. in addition to dis-
playing navigation system information, this monitor accesses
On-Board Computerfunctions, audiosystem controls, mobile
phone dialling and memory, and automatic ventilation.
Park Distance Control (PDC)
Park Distance Control (PDC) is an optional system which
uses ultrasonic sensors in the rear bumper trim to warn the
driver of approaching too close to obstacles when parlting.
Central body electronics
E39 vehicles are equipped with an integrated complex of
electronic modules connected mostly via K-Bus. This system,
called central body electronics (ZKE
Ill), is primarily con-
trolled by the general module (GM
Ill). An overview of ZKE Ill
functions is found in 600 Electrical System-General. Details
of ZKE
Ill functioning is in the following repair groups:
- 512 Door Windows
* 515 Central Locking and Aniti-Theft
520 Seats
a 540 Sunroof
611 Wipers and Washers
620 Instruments

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41 0-3
Fenders, Engine ~oodl
Carefully pry front turn signal assembly from fender and dis-
connect electrical harness (arrow).
< Release headlight trim panel locking clip with a screwdrivel
(arrow).
* Working at corner of side trim panel, pull trim panel out
from side of fender to remove.
- Remove front bumper. See 510 Exterior Trim, Bumpers.
Working at rear of
teners (arrows). fender
well, , remove
fender
'mounting fas-
< Remove lower
housing. 'attaching
bolts
(arrow) at rear of wheel

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Hood, raising to service position
CAUTION-
Do not switch on the windshield wipers with the engine
hood raised. As a precaution, remove the wiper
motor
fuse. See 610 Electrical Component Locations.
The
hoodis heavy Before removing the hoodsupports,
be sure to have an assistant help support the hood.
< Open hood fully. With the help of a partner, support hood and
remove retaining clips (arrow) on upper end of pressurized
lifting struts. Pull struts off hood.
< Raise hood to service position and loclc in position by placing
bolts (arrow) in right and
left hinges.

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Fenders, Engine ~ood/
Hood, removing and installing
With hood open:
Remove hood wiring harness mounting clip
(A)
Disconnect electrical harness connector (B).
Unplug windshield washer hose (C).
WARNING-
The hood is heavy Before removing the hoodsupports, be
sure to have an assistant help
support the hood.
Mark position of hinge plates.
With the help of a assistant, support hood and remove retain-
ing clips
(A) on upper end of pressurized lifting struts. Pull
struts off hood.
Loosen upper hinge bolts
(B)
Remove lower hinge bolts (C). Lift hood off carefully.
Installation is reverse of removal.
* Repair any paint damage and paint any exposed metal
Check hood alignment. See
Hood, aligning.
NOTE-
The hood was fitted and attached to an unfinished body at
the factory Unfinished
sun'aces exposed by this procedure
must be touched up with paint,

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Trunk Lid, Tailgate
4 Pry out trunk light and disconnect electrical harness plug
connector.
- Gently pry trunk liner away from lid and remove.
4 Disconnect Wiring connectors A, B and C. Remove wiring
harness by pulling through opening in lid frame
D.
While supporting trunk lid, loosen left and right top hinge fas-
teners (arrow
A) and remove lower fasteners (arrow B).
NOTE-
Before loosening hinge bolts, mark hinge and hinge bolt lo-
cations for
reins~alla~on
Lift trunk lid straight up to remove.
Installation is reverse of removal. If necessary, align trunk lid
to body as described in
Trunk lid, adjusting.

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. .- -
l~runk Lid, Tailgate
Trunk lid support strut, removing and
installing
/ Make sure to supporf trunk lid before removing struts. I
Open trunk lid and support in open position.
Remove trunk strut retaining clip
(arrow) and disconnect
struts.
4 Remove spring clip (arrow) from lower end of strut and re-
move strut.
- Installation is reverse of removal. Replace retaining clips
damaged during removal.
Tailgate, emergency release
The tailgate of the E39 Sport Wagon has no ltey cylinder. An
emergency release mechanism is incorporated into the tail-
gate latch. This allows mechanical opening of the latch in
case of an electrical failure. The release is located in the rear
cargo area, along the lower edge of the rear apron behind a
small access cover.
Working inside car, at base of tailgate:
Open tool compartment cover.
Pry out emergency release cable cover.
Pull plastic cable to release rear tailgate latch

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Trunk Lid, Tailgate I
4 Remove rubber grommet and applicable connectors. Discon-
nect rear window washer hose.
NOTE-
To facilitate installation, mark position of hinges for tailgate
and rear window frame on body
WARNING-
The tailgate is very heavy and will close without both pres-
surized lifting struts installed. Properly support tailgate pri-
or to removal of the lifting struts.
There is risk of fingers being trapped once tailgate fas-
teners are removed.
CAUTION-
Protect body opening for tailgate with fabric tape.
4 Remove hinge fasteners for tailgate and rear window frame.
Lower tailgate so that hinge for tailgate and rear window
can be tilted.
- Tilt hinge for tailgate and rear window frame so that tailgate
can be moved towards the rear with rear window frame.
- Remove tailgate with rear window frame towards rear.
- Installation is the reverse of removal
Rear window, removing and installing
- Disconnect electrical harnesses.
- Support window in open position.
Loosen fasteners on each window hinge.
NOTE-
Note positions of any spacers for reinstallation
CAUTION-
Rear window is heavy Use a second person to support win-
dow prior to releasing from hinges.
- Remove window hinge fasteners and lift off window.
- Installation is reverse of removal. Replace waterprooiing
sheeting where disturbed.
See Rear window and tailgate, alignment.