1999 BMW 540i Speed

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I Lubrication System - I
Oil pressure, checking
The oil pressure warning switch is located at the base of the
oil filter housing.
In 6-cylinder engines access to oil pressure warning switch
connector (arrow) is extremely restricted (intake manifold re.
moved for the purpose of illustration).
V-8 engine oil pressure warning switch (arrow) is at base of
oil filter housing on left engine compartment inner fender.
Oil pressure is tested by removing oil pressure switch and in-
stalling oil pressure gauge in its place.
Unscrew oil filter cap in order to allow engine oil to drain back
down into oil pan.
Disconnect harness connector from oil pressure switch and
remove switch.
NOJE-
Thoroughly clean around the oil pressure switch before
removing it.
Be prepared to catch leaking oil with a shop towel.
- Install pressure gauge in place of oil pressure switch,
- With gauge installed, start engine and allow to reach operat-
ing temperature. Check oil pressure. See Table b.
NOJE-
For the most accurate test results, the engine oil and filter
should be new. The oil should be the correct grade.
Table b. Engine oil pressure
At idle 0.5 bar (7 psi)
At elevated speed
6-cylinder engine 4.0 bar
(59 psi)
V-8 engine 4.5 bar (66 psi)

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-- . - .. . - Lubrication system]
- Remainder of installation is reverse of removal.
Replace self-locking nuts when reinstalling front suspen-
sion components.
Use new oil dipstick tube sealing O-ring.
After adding engine oil, start and run engine. Raise engine
speed to 2,500 rpm until oil pressure warning light goes out
(about 5 seconds).
NOTE-
BMW does not specify a front end alignment following this
procedure.
Tightening torques Front subfrarne to body rail
(M12, use new bolts)
8.8 grade
10.9 grade
12.9 grade 77 Nrn
(57 ft-lb)
105 Nrn (77 ft-lb)
110 Nrn (81 ft-lb)
Stabilizer bar link to stabilizer bar
65 Nrn (48 ft-lb)
Steering shaft universal joint clamping bolt
(use new bolt)
19 Nrn (14 it-lb)
Lower oil pan, removing and installing (V-8)
- The V-8 engine is equipped with a 2-piece oil pan. The fas-
teners in
V-8 engine oil pump assembly, including the
sprocket retaining nut, are known to loosen and fall off into
the oil pan. Be sure to install these fasteners with Loctite
O
or equivalent thread locking product and torque to specifica-
tions.
CAUTION-
It is recommended that the oil pump retaining bolts and oil
pump drive sprocket retaining nut tightening torque be
checkedany time the
oilpan is removed.
- Raise car and place securely on jack stands.
WARNING-
Make sure the car is stable and well supported at all times.
Use a professional automotive lift
orjack stands designed for
- Remove splash shield from under engine.
- Drain engine oil
- On cars with automatic transmission, remove ATF cooler line
brackets from oil pan.

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.
[Lubrication System
< Disconnect electrical harness connector (arrow) at oil level
sensor.
< Remove lower oil pan mounting bolts (arrows)
CAUTIOI\C
If the lowerpan does not separate easily from upperpan, a
few taps with a rubber mallet should break it free. Do
notpry
the oil pan loose.
- When installing oil pan:
Thoroughly clean all old
gasltet material from mating sur-
faces and use a new gasket.
4 Install threaded guide studs at locations marked by arrows
to guide new oil pan
gasltet and oil pan into position and to
prevent damage to sealing lip.
- Install new oil pan mounting bolts (threads coated with
sealer).
Remove guide studs and install remainder of oil pan bolts.
- Remainder of reassembly is reverse of disassembly
- After adding engine oil, start and run engine. Raise engine
speed to 2,500 rpm until oil pressure warning light goes out
(about 5 seconds).
Tightening torques Lower oil pan to upper
oil pan
M6 (8.8 grade) 10 Nm (89 in-lb)
M6 (10.9 grade) 12 Nm (9 ft-lb)
M8 (8.8 grade) 22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Oil drain plug to oil pan (M12) 25 Nm (18 ft-lb)

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Lubr~cat~on System r- -
Working at lower rear of engine, remove oil pan retaining
bolts
(arrows).
- If necessary, remove oil cooler bracket from oil pan.
- Remove remaining oil pan bolts. Slide upper section of oil
pan forward to remove.
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Clean sealing surfaces of debris.
- Coat joints with Three Bond 1209 O sealant.
Use new gaskets.
Install all oil pan bolts first, installing bolts at transmission
end without preload.
Tighten oil pan bolts at front end, then tighten bolts at rear
of engine.
Be sure to reinstall all oil
pump fasteners, including the
sprocl - After adding engine oil, start and run engine. Raise engine
speed to
2,500 rpm until oil pressure warning light goes out
(about
5 seconds).
Tightening torques
AIC drive belt tensloner
M6 10 Nm (7.5 it-lb)
M8 24 Nm (18 ft-lb)
Front axle
subframe to chassis
(Use new fasteners) 77 Nm (57 ft-lb)
Oil drain
line to upper oil pan 30 Nm (22 ft-lb)
Oil pump to crankcase 34 Nm (25 ft-lb)
Oil pan fasteners
(upperllower)
M6 8.8 10 Nm (7.5 ft-lb)
M6 10.9 (replace)
I2 Nm (9 ft-lb)
M8 8.8 22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Steering column universal joint to
steering box (replace) 19 Nm (14 ft-lb)
Oil pressure warning switch, replacing
(&cylinder and V-8)
- In all models, the oil pressure warning switch is located at the
base of the oil filter housing.

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Lubrication System
- Lower front suspension and remove oil pan, as described
earlier, to gain access to oil pump.
Remove oil pump
sprocket mounting nut (left-hand thread)
(arrow). Lift sprocket off together with drive chain.
Engines produced to 9/98: Remove oil pump with pick-up
tube. Pick-up tube is bolted to side of oil pump.
Engines produced from 9/98 to 01/00: Remove pick-up
tube, scraper tray and oil pump as a unit.
Engines produced from 01/00: Remove oil pump pick-up
tube bolts and remove pick-up tube before removing pump.
Remove mounting bolts from oil pump. Withdraw pump.
NOTE-
Record location of any spacers between pump and engine
bloclc Note positions of locating dowels.
- Remove cover from oil pump and check for wear or scoring.
Spin oil pump shaft and
check that gears turn smoothly. Re-
place pump if gears spin with difficulty
orany wear is present.
- Inspect oil pressure relief valve as described later.
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Replace pick-up tube O-ring (if applicable).
- Align sprocket splines to oil pump shaft spl~nes before
tightening sprocket nut.
- After adding engine oil, start and run engine. Raise engine
speed to 2,500 rpm until oil pressure warning light goes out
(about 5 seconds).
Tightening torques Oil drain plug to oil pan 25
Nm (18 ft-lb)
Oil pan to engine
bloclc
M6 (8.8 grade)
M6 (10.9 grade)
M8 (8.8 grade)
10 Nm (89 in-lb)
12
Nrn (9 ft-lb)
22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Oil pump sprocket to oil pump shait
(M10 x 1) (left hand thread)
25 Nm (1 8 it-lb)
Oil pump to crankcase (ME) 22 Nm (1 6 it-lb)
Oil pump pickup tube to cranltcase (M6) 10 Nm (89 in-lb)

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11 9-26
/Lubrication System
< Use Allen wrench to adjust chain slaclc (B) by turning thread-
ed spacer
(A).
Oil pump chain adjustment
Slack
10 52 mrn (0.394i0.079 in)
- Coat remaining oil pump mounting fastener with Loctite 03. In-
stall and tighten.
- Remainder of assembly is reverse of disassembly.
- After adding engine oil, start and run engine. Raise engine
speed to
2,500 rpm until oil pressure warning light goes out
(about
5 seconds).
Tightening torques
Lower oil pan to upper oil pan
M6 (8.8 grade) 10
Nm (89 in-ib)
M6 (10.9 grade) 12
Nm (9 ft-lb)
M8 (8.8 grade) 22
Nrn (1 6 ft-lb)
Oil drain plug to oil pan (M12) 25 Nm (I8 ft-lb)
Oil pump cover to oil pump
(M6) 10 Nrn (89 in-lb)
Oilpump sprocket to shaft TKO) 45 Nm (33 it-lb)
Oil pump to engine bloclc
M8 (8.8 grade) 22 Nrn (16 ft-lb)
Oil pressure relief valve (&cylinder)
Remove oil
pump as described earlier. The oil pump pressure
relief valve is held in the side of the
oil pump with a circlip.
< Inspect oil pump relief valve components and bore for scor-
4. Sleeve
5. Circlip
- Install using a new circlip.
Oil
pressure relief valve assembly
,- ..., !~. -.-~. - ~- -~!~~-% h. .- .,, /to-cy~~noer engrnej ing or other damage.
1. Control plunger
2. Spring
3. Sealing O-ring

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120 lgnition System
...................... General
Special tools ...................
Warnings and cautions ...........
Engine management .............
................. lgnition system
Ignition system. troubleshooting
....
... Oscilloscope diagnostic diagrams
................ Misfire detection
............. Ignition System Service 120-9
.................... Ignition firing order 120-9
.............. Disabling ignition system 120-10
................... Checking for spark 120-1 0
lgnition coil assembly.
................. testing and replacing 120-1 0
.............. Crankshaftspeedsensor 120-12
............. Camshaft position sensors 120-1 4
...................... Knocksensors 120-16

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Lnition switch
4 The positive (+) power supply to the ignition coils comes to
the ignition switch via an unloader relay. When the ignition
switch is turned on, the relay closes, to provide voltage to the
ignition coils. The coils are then actuated at the negative side
by the engine control module.
NOTE-
Schematic diagrams shown are for illustrative purposes only.
See ELE Electrical Wiring Diagrams for engine manage-
ment specific wiring information.
WARNING- Do not touch or disconnect any cables from the coils while
the engine is running or being cranked by the starter:
The ignition system produces high voltages that can be
fatal. Avoid contact with exposed terminals. Use ex-
treme caution when
working on a car with the ignition
switched on or the engine running.
* Connect and disconnect the DME system wiring and
test equipment leads only when the ignition is
OFF
Before operating the starter without starting the engine
(for example when
making a compression test), always
disable the ignition.
4 Knock sensors (arrows) monitor the combustion chamber for
engine-damaging knock. Six-cylinder models (shown) use
two sensors with each sensor monitoring three cylinders.
V-
8 models use four sensors, each monitoring two cylinders. If
engine
knock is detected, the ignition point is retarded by the
ECM.
I Ignition advance Ignition timing is electronically mapped and not adjustable.
The ECM uses engine load, engine speed, coolant tempera-
ture, knock detection, and intake air temperature as the basic
inputs for timing control.
A three dimensional map similar to
the one shown is digitally stored in the ECM.
- The initial ignition point is determined by the crankshaft
speed sensor during cranking. Once the engine is running.
timing is continually adjusted based on operating conditions.