1999 BMW 528i instrument

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130-2
/Fuel Injection
This repair group covers service and repair of the Bosch and
Siemens engine management systems used on
1997
through 2002 E39 models. Additional engine management
service and repair information may also be found in the fol-
lowing repair groups:
0 020 Maintenance
120 Ignition System
160 Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump
610 Electrical Component Locations
OBD On Board Diagnostics
NOTE-
Camshaft position sensor, crankshaft speed sensor and
knoclc sensors are covered in 120 Ignition System.
Table a. Engine management system applications
- - ~ ~
1 ~odellmodel year / Engine IDME system I - I
5281, 1997-1 998 IM52. 2.8 liter ISiemens MS 41 .I I 1
528i. 1999ZO00 1~52 TU, 2.8 liter ]siemens MS 42.0 I I
5251, 2001-2002 1~54, 2.5 liter 1 Siemens MS 43.0 I I
530i, 2001-2002 1~54, 3.0 liter ISiemens MS 43.0
5401 1999-2001 1~62 TU, 4.4 liter l~osch ME 7.2
I
OBI) II software and hardware is incorporated in the engine
management control systems. The
OED II system monitors
components that influence exhaust and evaporative emis-
sions. If a problem is detected, the
OED I1 system stores the
associated fault code and condition.
540i. 1997
4 If vehicle emission levels exceed 1.5 times Federally mandat-
ed criteria, the
OED II system illuminates a malfunction indi-
cator light
(MIL) in the instrument cluster.
For the
E39 cars covered by this manual, three different
MIL symbols were used, depending on year and model.
See illustration.
When faults arise, or if the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is
illuminated, begin troubleshooting by connecting BMW ser-
vice tester
DISplus, MoDiC, GTl or equivalent scan tool. The
capabilities of OBD
II software has the potential to save hours
540i. 1998 IM62, 4.4 liter /Bosch M5.2.1
M62, 4.4 liter Bosch M5.2

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130-1 0
Fuel Injection
Remove MAF sensor:
Release clips from air filter housing
(A).
Disconnect harness connector (B).
Loosen intake boot clamp (C) and remove MAF sensor.
Note large sealing O-rings.
Installation is reverse of removal.
No adjustment to MAF sensor is possible.
Check intake hoses for cracks and vacuum leaks.
Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor,
testing and replacing
R
1 -4 The ECT sensor is located below cylinder 1 intake port
The ECT sensor is a dual temperature sensor. One circuit
provides coolant temperature information to the ECM while
the other circuit provides coolant temperature information to
the instrument cluster.
The ECM determines the correct ignition timing and
airlfuel
mixture required for the engine by monitoring an applied volt-
age
(5 vdc) to the sensor. The voltage drop across the sensor
varies as the coolant temperature (sensor resistance) chang-
es.
NOTE-
The ECT sensor is an NTC (negative temperature coeffi-
cient) type sensor. in other words, as the temperature rises,
resistance through the sensor decreases.
If the ETC sensor input is faulty or non-plausible, the MIL is il-
luminated when
OED II fault criteria are exceeded. The ECM
assumes asubstitute value
(80°C1 176°F) to maintainengine
operation. The ignition timing is set to a
conse~ativelsafe ba-
sic setting.
- Check ECT sensor resistance using a multimeter at sensor
terminals.
-
WARNING -
Due to risk of personal injury, be sure the engine is cold be-
fore disconnecting or reconnecting ECT sensor.
ECT sensor resistance @ 20" C (68°F) 2.2 - 2.7
Temperature gauge sensor resistance @ 20°C (~B"F)( 6.7 k

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I Fuel Injection
Table b. Siemens MS 41.1 ECM pin assignments (continued)
Pin
l~iqnal I Componentlfunction 1 Notes I - I I
5 loutput I Fuel injector control, cyl. 2 I Pulsed ground (pulse width in ms), cyl. 2 I I I
6 loutput /Fuel injector control, cyi. 1 I Pulsed ground (pulse width in ms), cyl. 1
I I I
14 linput I Intake air temp. sensor (IAT) I Intake air temperature signal
- 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
ground
input
output
input
input
15
16
17 18
19
20
21
22
I - I I
35 loutput /Secondary air injection ISecondary air inj. pump relay control
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
36
/output I Engine speed output IEngine speed signal
Mass air flow sensor
Mass air flow sensor
instrument cluster
Engine coolant
temp.
(ECT) sensor
Not used
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Not used
input
input
input
input
output
output
out~ut
37 1 - /Not used I
Mass air flow sensor signal
Mass air flow sensor signal
Fuel consumption signal
ECT signal
Throttle position signal
ground
input
output
ground
output
output
output
ground
output
Traction control (rear engine speed signal) Automatic climate control
Not used Electronic immobilizer control (EWS)
Auto. climate control
(AIC on input)
instrument
cluster
Camshaft actuator control (VANOS)
Fuel iniector control, cvl.
3
AES/ASC module
Automatic climate control instrument cluster (CARE signal)
Camshaft actuator (VANOS), switched ground
Pulsed ground (pulse width in
ms), cyl. 3
Oxygen sensor heater (no. 1 in front of catalytic
converter)
Power supply (terminal
30)
Idle speed control valve
Ground
Ignition coil control, cyl.
1
Ignition coil control, cyl. 3
Ignition coil control, cyl. 5
Ground Fuel injector control, cyl.
5
Oxygen sensor heater ground
Battery voltage
(E+) at all times
Pulsed ground-open signal (See pin
53)
Ground
Primary signal, ignition coil
1
Primary signal, ignition coil 3
Primary signal, ignition coil 5
Ground
Pulsed ground (pulse width in ms), cyl
5

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Fuel lniection 1
Table b. Siemens MS 41.1 ECM pin assignments (continued)
Pin
lSiqnal 1 Componentlfunction / Notes I - I I
40 1 ground /Crankshaft position sensor /crankshaft position sensor control I - I I
41 1 ground /Camshaft position sensor (CMP) /shielding for CMP sensor I - I I
42 1 ground I~hrottie position sensor (TPS) /TPS ground
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51 ground
output
output
output
outout
I I I
input
52 53
54
55
56 57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66 Camshaft position sensor (CMP)
Throttle position sensor (TPS)
Throttle position sensor (traction control)
Instrument cluster
Not used
Crankshaft position sensor (Hall effect)
I~ot used
I I I
Fuel pump relay control Camshaft
positionlrpm sensor control
Voltage
supply to TPS (5 vdc)
ABSIASC module
Instrument cluster, fuel reserve signal
Crankshaft position sensor control
Power supply (terminal 15)
Not used
Not used
output input
ground
ground
output
input
output
inputloutput
ground
output
input
input
input
I I
Battery voltage with key on or engine running
Oxygen sensor signal ground
67
Idle speed control valve
Power supply
Oxygen sensor heater (no. 2 in front catalytic
converter)
Ignition circuit
Knock sensor
(cyl. 1-3)
Knock sensor (cyl. 1-3)
Knock sensor
(cyl4-6)
Data linic connector (TxD)
Oxygen sensor heater (no. 2 behind catalytic
converter)
Secondary air injection
Knock sensor (cyl. 4-6)
Camshaft
positionlrpm sensor
Camshaft
positionlrpm sensor
Not used
Pulse ground with engine at normal temperature with
varying engine load
68 Pulsed ground-close signal (see
pin 26)
Battery voltage from main relay (terminal 87)
Oxygen sensor heater ground
Ignition circuit monitoring signal
Knock sensor
Knock sensor signal
Knock sensor
Diagnostic
TxD (transmit) signal to pin 18 in data link
connector
Oxygen sensor heater ground
Secondary air injection control
valve
Knocic sensor signal
Camshaft positionlrpm sensor control
Camshaft
positionlrpm sensor control
ground Oxygen sensor
(no.
1 in front of catalytic
converter)
output Evaporative purge
valve control

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Fuel Injection
Engine coolant temperature
(ECT) sensor,
testing and replacing
4 The ECT sensor is located below cylinder 6 intake port at the
rear of the engine (1).
The ECT sensor is a dual temperature sensor. One circuit
provides coolant temperature information to the ECM while
the other circuit provides coolant temperature information to
the instrument cluster.
The ECM determines the correct ignition timing and airlfuel
mixture required
forthe engine temperature by monitoring an
appliedvoltage
(5vdc) to the sensor.Thevoltage drop across
the sensor varies as the coolant temperature (sensor resis-
tance) changes.
NOTE-
The ECT sensor is an NTC (negative temperature coeffi-
cient) type sensor. In other words, as the temperature rises,
resistance through the sensor decreases.
If the ETC sensor input is faulty or non-plausible, the MIL is il-
luminated when the MIL is illuminated when
OED II fault crite-
ria are exceeded. The ECM assumes a substitute value
(80" C 11 76'F) to maintain engine operation. The ignition tim-
ing is set to a
conservativelsafe basic setting.
- Remove intake manifold to access ECT sensor on the M52
TU and the M54 engines. See 113 Cylinder Head Removal
and Installation.
- Check ECT sensor resistance using a multimeter at sensor
terminals.
WARNING -
Due to rislc of personal injury, be sure the engine is cold be-
fore removing ECT sensor connector.
ECT sensor resistance @ 20°C (68°F)
CAUTIOI\C
Be sure ignition is OFFbefore disconnecting or reconnecting
DME svstem components.
2.2 - 2.7 k
4 Disconnect ECT sensor harness connector (arrow). Un-
screw ECT sensor from cylinder head.

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Fuel Injection
Table c. Siemens MS 42.0 and MS 43.0 ECM pin assignments (continued)
Pin
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49 50
51
52 Componentlfunction
Signal, evaporative emissions valve
Signal, throttle
valve drive
Signal, throttle valve drive
Signal, engine coolant thermostat
Signal, close idle speed control valve
Signal, open idle speed control valve
Signal, shield
ltnock sensor
Signal, resonance valve
intake system
Not used
Not used
Signal, secondary air injection pump valve
Signal
Input
Input
Input
Input
input
Input
Ground
Input
Input
Notes
Evaporative emissions valve
Throttle valve
Throttle valve Engine coolant thermostat (map controlled)
idle speed control valve
Idle speed control valve
Shield,
knock sensor
Resonance valve intake system
Secondary air injection valve
Connector
X60004 40-pin Notes
instrument cluster control unit
Instrument cluster control module
Secondary air injection pump relay
Electric (auxiliary) fan motor
Pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Fuel pump relay
1
Instrument cluster control module
ComponenVfunction
Signal, battery charge indicator lamp
Feedback signal, engine start
Signal, secondary air injection pump
Signal, electric cooling fan
Not used
Not used
Pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Signal, pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Pedal position sensor (PWG) (MS 43.0)
Signal,
fuel pump relay 1
Signal, oil pressure switch
Pin
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 Signal
Input
Input
input
input
Input
Input

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Fuel Injection
M5.2 system features
The Bosch M5.2 system used on 1997 540i models uses an
88-pin control unit. The
M5.2 system has the following func-
tions and capabilities:
Fully sequential cylinder-individual fuel injection.
Integrated adaptive knock control.
Oxygen sensor fuel mixture control.
0 Self-diagnosis and emergency operation characteristics.
CAN-Bus link.
0 OED II functions (misfire detection, catalytic converter
monitoring, oxygen sensor monitor, and fuel tank ventila-
tion system).
Electronic vehicle immobilization via EWS.
One-touch starter function.
Control of characteristic map thermostat.
M5.2.1 system features
The Bosch M5.2.1 system is used on 1998 540i models. The
M5.2.1 control module utilizes the SKE (standard shell con-
struction housing) with 5 connectors and a combined total of
134 pins.
The M5.2.1 systefn has
tile following functions or capabilities:
Separate power supply relay for ignition coils. Leak diagnosis pump (LDP) control and feedback
rnonitor-
ing for evaporative system leak testing.
Fuel evaporative system providing ORVR (on-board refuel-
ing vapor recovery) compliancy.
Batterylalternator charge logic (idle speed varied with the
battery state of charge).
CAN-Bus communications with the instrument cluster
EWS
Ill "rolling code" ISN interface.
More sensitive ignition
knock sensors.
Pulse width modulated (P-W-M) Heating and
AIC (IHKA)
status signal.
Running loss (312-way) solenoid valve.

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Fuel Injection
- If voltage is present as described above, check wiring be-
tween ECM and valve. If no wiring faults are found, check
ECM signal to valve.
- When replacing idle speed control valve, clean and inspect
all sealing areas.
. Inspect sealing ring in throttle body and replace if neces-
sary.
Throttle position sensor (TPS),
testing and replacing
The throttle position sensor (arrow) is mounted on the side
of the primary throttle housing and is directly connected to
the throttle valve shaft. The ECM sends a voltage signal to
the potentiometer-type sensor and monitors the voltage that
comes back. Resistance decreases (voltage increases) as
the throttle opens.
NOTE-
Do not confuse the TPS on the primary throttle housing with
the throttle switch on the
ASC secondary throttle housing.
4 Check throttle position sensor function by disconnecting har-
ness connector and checking across terminals. If any faults
are found, replace throttle position sensor.
Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor,
testing and replacing
Throttle position sensor (M62 engine)
The ECT sensor is located on the front of the engine in the
coolanVthermostat flange.The ECTsensor is a dual tempera-
ture sensor. One circuit provides coolant temperature infor-
mation to the ECM while the other circuit provides coolant
temperature information to the instrument cluster.
The ECM determines the correct ignition timing and
airlfuel
mixture required for the engine by monitoring an applied volt-
age
(5 vdc) to the sensor. The voltage drop across the sensor
Test
value
5 vdc (approx.)
4.0 kR(approx.)
Continuously variable
from
1.0 to 4.0 kR
without interruption
Test
conditions
Harness connector
disconnected, ignition on
Harness connector
disconnected,
ignition on
Throttle plate rotated from idle to
full throttle position Test Terminal
Term.
1 at
harness
connector and ground
Term.
1 and term. 3 at
sensor
Term.
1 and term. 2 at
sensor