1998 NISSAN PATROL key

General Precautions
+Do not operate the engine for an extended period of time with-
out proper exhaust ventilation.
Keep the work area well ventilated and free of any in¯ammable
materials. Special care should be taken when handling any
in¯ammable or poisonous materials, such as gasoline, refriger-
ant gas, etc. When working in a pit or other enclosed area, be
sure to properly ventilate the area before working with hazard-
ous materials.
Do not smoke while working on the vehicle.
+Before jacking up the vehicle, apply wheel chocks or other tire
blocks to the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving. After
jacking up the vehicle, support the vehicle weight with safety
stands at the points designated for proper lifting before work-
ing on the vehicle.
These operations should be done on a level surface.
+When removing a heavy component such as the engine or
transaxle/transmission, be careful not to lose your balance and
drop it. Also, do not allow it to strike adjacent parts, especially
the brake tubes and master cylinder.
+Before starting repairs which do not require battery power:
Turn off ignition switch.
Disconnect the negative battery terminal.
+To prevent serious burns:
Avoid contact with hot metal parts.
Do not remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot.
+Before servicing the vehicle:
Protect fenders, upholstery and carpeting with appropriate cov-
ers.
Take caution that keys, buckles or buttons do not scratch paint.
SGI285
SGI231
SEF289H
SGI233
SGI234
PRECAUTIONS
GI-2

Work Flow
STEP DESCRIPTION
STEP 1 Get detailed information about the conditions and the environment when the incident occurred.
The following are key pieces of information required to make a good analysis:
WHATVehicle Model, Engine, Transmission and the System (i.e. Radio).
WHENDate, Time of Day, Weather Conditions, Frequency.
WHERERoad Conditions, Altitude and Traffic Situation.
HOWSystem Symptoms, Operating Conditions (Other Components Interaction).
Service History and if any After Market Accessories have been installed.
STEP 2 Operate the system, road test if necessary.
Verify the parameter of the incident.
If the problem can not be duplicated, refer to ``Incident Simulation Tests'' next page.
STEP 3 Get the proper diagnosis materials together including:
POWER SUPPLY ROUTING
System Operation Descriptions
Applicable Service Manual Sections
Check for any Service Bulletin.
Identify where to begin diagnosis based upon your knowledge of the system operation and the customer comments.
STEP 4 Inspect the system for mechanical binding, loose connectors or wiring damage.
Determine which circuits and components are involved and diagnose using the Power Supply Routing and Harness
Layouts.
STEP 5 Repair or replace the incident circuit or component.
STEP 6 Operate the system in all modes. Verify the system works properly under all conditions. Make sure you have not inad-
vertently created a new incident during your diagnosis or repair steps.
SGI838
HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT
GI-20

Voltage check method
1. Remove the blown fuse and disconnect all loads (i.e. SW1 open, relay disconnected and solenoid discon-
nected) powered through the fuse.
2. Turn the ignition key to the ON or START position. Verify battery voltage at the B
+side of the fuse ter-
minal (one lead on the B
+terminal side of the fuse block and one lead on a known good ground).
3. With SW1 open and the DMM leads across both fuse terminals, check for voltage.
voltage; short is between fuse block and SW1 (point A).
no voltage; short is further down the circuit than SW1.
4. With SW1 closed, relay and solenoid disconnected and the DMM leads across both fuse terminals, check
for voltage.
voltage; short is between SW1 and the relay (point B).
no voltage; short is further down the circuit than the relay.
5. With SW1 closed, relay contacts jumped with fused jumper wire check for voltage.
voltage; short is down the circuit of the relay or between the relay and the disconnected solenoid
(point C).
no voltage; retrace steps and check power to fuse block.
GROUND INSPECTION
Ground connections are very important to the proper operation of electrical and electronic circuits. Ground
connections are often exposed to moisture, dirt and other corrosive elements. The corrosion (rust) can become
an unwanted resistance. This unwanted resistance can change the way a circuit works.
Electronically controlled circuits are very sensitive to proper grounding. A loose or corroded ground can dras-
tically affect an electronically controlled circuit. A poor or corroded ground can easily affect the circuit. Even
when the ground connection looks clean, there can be a thin ®lm of rust on the surface.
When inspecting a ground connection follow these rules:
1. Remove the ground bolt screw or clip.
2. Inspect all mating surfaces for tarnish, dirt, rust, etc.
3. Clean as required to assure good contact.
4. Reinstall bolt or screw securely.
5. Inspect for ``add-on'' accessories which may be interfering with the ground circuit.
6. If several wires are crimped into one ground eyelet terminal, check for proper crimps. Make sure all of the
wires are clean, securely fastened and providing a good ground path. If multiple wires are cased in one
eyelet make sure no ground wires have excess wire insulation.
SGI853
HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT
Circuit Inspection (Cont'd)
GI-26

KEY TO SYMBOLS SIGNIFYING MEASUREMENTS OR PROCEDURES
Symbol Symbol explanation Symbol Symbol explanation
Check after disconnecting the connector
to be measured.Procedure with CONSULT
Check after connecting the connector to
be measured.Procedure without CONSULT
Insert key into ignition switch.A/C switch is ``OFF''.
Remove key from ignition switch.A/C switch is ``ON''.
Turn ignition switch to ``OFF'' position.REC switch is ``ON''.
Turn ignition switch to ``ON'' position.REC switch is ``OFF''.
Turn ignition switch to ``START'' position.DEF switch is ``ON''.
Turn ignition switch from ``OFF'' to ``ACC''
position.Apply positive voltage from battery with
fuse directly to components.
Turn ignition switch from ``ACC'' to ``OFF''
position.Drive vehicle.
Turn ignition switch from ``OFF'' to ``ON''
position.Disconnect battery negative cable.
Turn ignition switch from ``ON'' to ``OFF''
position.Depress brake pedal.
Do not start engine, or check with engine
stopped.Release brake pedal.
Start engine, or check with engine run-
ning.Depress accelerator pedal.
Apply parking brake.Release accelerator pedal.
Release parking brake.
Pin terminal check for SMJ type ECM
and TCM connectors.
For details regarding the terminal
arrangement, refer to the foldout page.Check after engine is warmed up suffi-
ciently.
Voltage should be measured with a volt-
meter.
Circuit resistance should be measured
with an ohmmeter.
Current should be measured with an
ammeter.
HOW TO FOLLOW FLOW CHART IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
How to Follow This Flow Chart (Cont'd)
GI-32

Tow Truck Towing
CAUTION:
+All applicable local laws regarding the towing operation
must be obeyed.
+It is necessary to use proper towing equipment to avoid
possible damage to the vehicle during a towing operation.
+Attach safety chains for all towing.
+When towing, make sure that the transmission, steering
system and power train are in good order. If any unit is
damaged, a dolly must be used.
+When towing with the front wheels on the ground:
Turn the ignition key to the ``OFF'' position and secure the
steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or
similar device. Never place the ignition key in the ``LOCK''
position. This will result in damage to the steering lock
mechanism.
+When towing manual transmission models with the rear
wheels on the ground:
Release the parking brake and move the gearshift lever to
neutral (``N'' position).
+For 4-wheel drive models:
Set the manual-lock free-running hubs to the free position and
2-way lock free-running hubs to the auto position. (See
``
Transfer case shifting procedures for 4-wheel drive
vehicles'' in ``Starting and driving'' section.) Move the transfer
case shift lever into the ``2H'' position and the transmission shift
lever into the neutral (``N'') position.
Do not shift the transfer lever to the ``4L'' position. This will
cause damage to the transmission.
NISSAN recommends that a dolly be used as illustrated.
If you have to tow a manual transmission model with front
wheels raised (with rear wheels on ground)
Observe the following restricted raising heights.
+Do not raise the front end over!.
Wagon
!= 600 mm (23.62 in)
Hardtop
!= 500 mm (19.69 in)
SGI023A
SGI024A
LIFTING POINTS AND TOW TRUCK TOWING
GI-41