1998 BMW 540i Range sensor

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Maintenance
Table c. Inspection II Service
Additional
New parts Warm engine Dealer service repair
Tools required required required recommended information
Engine compartment maintenance
Replace air filter element. (Note: reduce
replacement intervals in dusty operating
conditions).
Replace brake
fluid every 2 years (time
interval begins from vehicle production
date).
Cooling system service
Spark plug service
Brake
system maintenance
:j:
*
Replace coolant every 3 years (time
interval begins from vehicle production
date).
Replace oxygen sensor every 160,000
itm
(1 00,000 miles).
020
FLUID AND LUBRICANT
SPECIFICATIONS
:I:
Oxygen sensor service
*
x:
Spark plugs:
M52
1 M62 engine:
Replace every 60,000 itm (48.000 miles).
M52
TU I M54 1 M62 TU engine:
Replace every 160,000
ltm (100.000
miles).
< Engine oil viscosity (SAE grade) vs. operating temperature
range for the BMW engines covered in this manual.
Fluid and lubricant capacities and specifications are listed be-
low. See
Fluids and lubricants.
:I:
*
*
*
WARNING -
The use of fluids that do not meet BMW" specifications may
impair performance and
reliabilitl: and may void warranty
coverage.
340
170
180
* 020

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I Steering and Wheel Alignment
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Replace shear bolts at steering column mounting bracket.
Tighten until bolt heads shear off.
Make sure
interlock cable snaps into place.
When installing column top trim panel, replace expansion
nut for trim retaining screw.
NOTE-
The steering angle sensor must be coded using a BMW scan
tool if it has been replaced.
A steering angle offset check
must then be carried out using the same
BMW scan tool.
CAUTION-
Check steering system for freedom of movement through en-
tire steering column
adiustment range.
Tightening torques Steering shaft coupler
to steering shaft 25 Nm (18 ft-lb)
(replace bolt)
Steering column to body
22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Steering column adjustment motors,
removing and installing
Remove lower dash panel mounting fasteners (A) and (B).
- Lower panel and disconnect wiring harness from back side.
- Remove steering column lower trim panel. See Steering col-
umn trim, removing and replacing.
- Disconnect electrical harness from motor.
Remove motor mounting fasteners (arrows)
Slide motor to side and forward to remove.
Installation is reverse of removal.

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Central Locking and Anii-Theft
- If the starter engages, the following EWS inputs are function-
ing normally:
Ignition key
Code function
Transmission range switch or clutch position switch
Engine speed sensor
NO JE -
If a vehicle key is lost or stolen, the electronic authorization
for that key
can be cancelled using the BMW scan and di-
agnostic tools
DISplus, GTl or MoDiC.
Force applied to a ley can damage the electronic circuitry
in the key A damaged ley will not start the engine. In that
case, a new key should be purchased and initialized
by an
authorized BMW dealer.
EWS variations
EWS variations used in E39 cars are shown in E39 EWS ap-
plications
table below.
E39
EWS applications
I I Ifling antenna (surrounds ignition switch) I
System
designation
EWS
II
I I l~ransmitter I receiver module located in right side steering column cover I
E39 production
dates
SOP
- 311 997
I I IEWS 111 (3.2) control module incorporates transmitter1 receiver moduie functions /
Main components, changes, improvements
Key with EEPROM transponder
Control moduie located behind glove compartment, in electrical component panel
Control module located to left of steering column, under dashboard
K-Bus input
Transmitter
I receiver module eliminated
EWS 111 (3.2)
Transmission range selection input from automatic transmission control module
3
11997 - 911997
- EWS ill (3.3) Clutch
Hall-effect switch (replaces transmission range switch input)
911997 - 2002 EWS 111 (3.3) control
module with iSN code burned in (cannot be overwritten during
alignment)
Control module located to left of steering column, under dashboard

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OBD-6
On-Board Diagnostics
Fuel system monitoring. This monitor looks at the fuel
delivery needed (long
/short term fuel trim) for proper engine
operation based on programmed data. If too much or not
enough fuel is delivered over a predetermined time, a DTC is
set and the MIL illuminates.
Fuel trim refers to adiustments to base fuel schedule.
Lono- ., term fuel trim refers to gradual adjustments to the fuel
calibration adjustment as compared to short term fuel trim.
Long term fuel trim adjustments compensate for gradual
changes that occur over time.
Fuel system monitoring monitors the calculated injection time
(ti) in relation to enginespeed, load and precatalyticconverter
oxygen
sensor(s) signals.
Using this data, the system optimizes fuel delivery for all
engine operating conditions.
Evaporative system monitoring. This monitor checks the
the fuel storage system and related fuel lines for leaks. It can
detect very small leaks anywhere in the system.
A leak detection unit (LDP or DMTL) is used to pressurize the
evaporative control system on a continuous basis (as the
drive cycle allows) and to
check system integrity.
Drive cycle
The OED II drive cycle is an important concept in
understanding OBD
II requirements. The purpose of the drive
cycle is to run ail of the emission-related on-board diagnostics
over a broad range of driving conditions.
A drive cycle is considered complete when all of the
diagnostic monitors have run their tests without interruption.
~ora drive cycle to be initiated, the vehicle must be started
cold and brought up to
1 60°F and at least 40°F above its
original starting temperature.
Readiness codes
Inspection/maintenance (I/M) readiness codes are mandated
as part of OBD
II. The readiness code is stored aftercomplete
diagnostic monitoring of specified components and systems
is carried out. The readiness code function was designed to
prevent manipulating an
I/M emission test procedure by
clearing faults codes or disconnecting the ECM or battery.

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On-Board Diagnostics
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
(DTCs)
Below is a listing of E39 powertrain (automatic transmission
and engine)
SAE P-codes, the corresponding BMW fault
codes, and the fault code definitions.
BMW fault codes expand on the SAE sanctioned DTCs and
are accessible primarily through the BMW diagnostic scan
tool or a BMW-specific scan tool.
l~utomatic transmission diagnostic trouble codes
P-code
IBMW-FC I DTC Definition
Ip0560 196 ISystem Voltage I
IPO~OO I129 l~eriai Communication Link I
1~0715 116 I InpuVTurbine Speed Sensor 'A' Circuit I
PO600
PO601
PO603
PO606
PO705
PO705
PO709
144
80
81
82
8
60
60
PO71 5
PO71 6
PO717
PO720
PO720
PO720
I I
PO721 159 loutput Speed Sensor Circuit RangeIPerformance I
Serial Communication Link
Internal Control Module Memory Check Sum Error
Internal Control Module Keep Alive Memory (KAM) Error
ECMIPCM Processor
Transmission Range Sensor 'A' Circuit Maliunction (PRNDL Input)
Transmission Range Sensor
'A' Circuit Malfunction (PRNDL input)
Transmission Range Sensor
'A' Circuit Intermittent
I I'
1~0722 132 IOutput Speed Sensor Circuit No Signal I
33
33
33
32
42
59
PO720
I I
PO727 1150 I Engine Speed Input Circuit No Signal
InpuVTurbine Speed Sensor 'A' Circuit
inpuVTurbine Speed Sensor 'A' Circuit RangeiPerformance
InpuVTurbine Speed Sensor 'A' Circuit No Signal
Output Speed Sensor Circuit
Output Speed Sensor Circuit
Out~ut Speed Sensor Circuit
PO720 1106 /output Speed Sensor Circuit
62
Output Speed Sensor Circuit
PO730
PO730
PO731
PO731
PO731 I I
100
102
50
51
100
PO731
incorrect Gear Ratio
Incorrect Gear Ratio
Gear 1 incorrect Ratio
Gear 1 incorrect Ratio
Gear 1 Incorrect Ratio
PO732 152 /Gear 2 Incorrect Ratio
131
Gear
1 Incorrect Ratio

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On-Board Diagnostics
l~utomatic transmission diagnostic trouble codes (continued)
P-code
1 Pi844
I I
14 /Pressure Control Solenoid 'D' Circuit Low
I I PI841 11 /Pressure Control Solenoid 'A' Circuit Low
BMW-FC
Pi842
I
P2722 15 I Pressure Control Solenoid 'E' I
DTC
Definition
Pi 845
Pi 882
Pi 883
PI 889
PI891
PI 892
PI 893
Pi 843 3 8
2 Pressure Control Solenoid '0' Circuit Low
5
57
58
96
96
96
83
P2729
P2730
P2759
P2761
P2763
P2764
Pressure Control Solenoid 'E' Circuit Low
2-3 Shift Circuit High
3-4 Shift Circuit High
System Voltage
- Electrical
System Voltage High Input
System Voltage Low Input
SUDP~V Voltaqe Pressure Control SoienoidIShift Solenoid Circuit High
~~ ~~ ~ Engine diagnostic trouble codes: M52 engine
5
5
4
4
4
4
I I
Pressure Control Solenoid 'E' Control Circuit Low
Pressure Control Solenoid
'E' Control Circuit High
Torque Converter Clutch Pressure Control
Solenoid Control Circuit Electrical
Torque Converter Clutch Pressure Control Solenoid Control
Circuitlopen
Torque Converter Clutch Pressure Control Solenoid Control Circuit High
Torque Converter Clutch Pressure Control Solenoid Control Circuit Low
DTC Definition
Mass or Volume Air
Flow Circuit RangeIPerformance
lntalte Air Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit Rangelperformance
Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit RangeIPerformance
ThrottieIPedai Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit
ThrottleIPedai Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit
P-code
PO1
01
PO1 11
PO116
PO120
PO120
PO1 20 BMW-FC
8 14
10
112
113
POI 20 1173 /~hrottie/~edal Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit
118
ThrottieIPedai Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit

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OBD-15
On-Board ~iagnosticsl
Engine diagnostic trouble codes: M52 engine (continued)
P-code
PO340
PO412
PO420
PO430
PO440
PO441
PO442
PO443
PO500
PO505
PO600
PO601
PO601
I PO601
~1132
~1133
BMW-FC
65
62
233
234
250 144
-
145
68
214
i I
DTC Definition
Camshalt Position Sensor 'A' Circuit (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit
Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold
(Bank 1)
Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
Evaporative Emission System
Eva~orative Emission Svstem Incorrect Purge Flow .
Evaporative Emission System Leak Detected (small leak)
Evaporative Emission System Purge Control Valve Circuit
Vehicle Speed Sensor 'A'
204
21 7
100
170
171
188
189
PI161
PI180
PI181
PI184
PI185
PI178
02 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 2) I
idle Air Control System
Serial Communication
Link
Internal Control Module Memory Check Sum Error
Internal Control Module Memory
Check Sum Error
Internal Control Module Memory
Check Sum Error
02 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor
1)
02 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit RangeIPerlormance Problem PI140
I
I I
P1188 1227 I Fuel Control (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
PI145 150 /Solenoid Valve Running Losses Control Circuit Electrical
149
122
223
224
220 221
231
I I
P1189 1228 I Fuel Control (Banlc 2 Sensor 1)
Fuel Trim Adaptation Additive High (Bank 2) (M52: Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit)
02 Sensor Signal Circuit Slow Switching from Rich to Lean
(Bank 1 Sensor 2)
02 Sensor Signal Circuit Slow Switching from Rich to Lean
(Bank 2 Sensor 2)
H02S Sensor Voltage Excursion Electrical (Banlc 1 Sensor 1)
HO2S Sensor Voltage Excursion Electrical (Banlc 2 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Sianai Circuit Slow Switchina from Rich to Lean (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Signal Circuit Slow Switching from Rich to Lean (Bank 2 Sensor 1) PI179
I I
PI190 1235 I Pre Catalyst Fuel Trim System (Banlc 1)
PI186 1190 102 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Banlc 1 Sensor 2)
232
I I
PI191 1236 I Pre
Catalyst Fuel Trim System (Banlc 2)
PI192
. . -- - i Pi193 1226 I Post Catalvst Fuel Trim Svstem (Bank 2)
225
PI397
I I
Post Catalyst Fuel Trim System (Bank 1)
PI421 1246 /Secondarv Air System (Bank 2)
18
Secondary Air System (Bank
1) PI423
Camshaft Position Sensor '0' Circuit (Bank 1)
I 245

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On-Board ~iaanosticsl
Engine diagnostic trouble codes: M54 engine
P-code
BMW-FC Explanation
PO01 I / 103 I 'A' Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Banlc 1) I I
PO012 1105 I 'A' Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1) I I
PO01 4 1104 I 'B' Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 1)
PO01 5
PO030
PO031
PO032
I 1
PO038 179 / HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
I I -.
I I
PO050 1 55 I H02S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
106
25
25
25
PO036
I I
PO051 1 55 I H02S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
'B' Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
H02S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
H02S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
H02S Heater Control Circuit Hiqh (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
PO037 1 79 I HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
79
HOPS Heater
Control Circuit (Banlc 1 Sensor 2)
PO052
PO056
PO057
PO058
I I
PO1 03 / 8 I Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit High. Input
I I -.
I I
PO1 07 1 197 I Manifold Absolute PressureIBarometric Pressure Circuit Low Input
55
61
61
61
PO101
I I
POI08 1197 / Manifold Absolute PressureIBarometric Pressure Circuit High Input
H02S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
H02S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
HO2S Heater Control Circuit Hiqh (Banlc 2 Sensor 2)
PO102 18 I Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit Low Input
149
I I -
PO122 112 ThrottleIPedai Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit Low
PO123 1112 I ThrottleIPedal Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit High
Mass
or Volume Air Flow Circuit
RangeIPerformance
PO112
PO113
PO1 17
PO118
PO121
14
14
10
10
118
PO128
PO1 31
PO132
PO133
PO133
PO1 34 Intake
Air Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit Low
Intake Air Temperature Sensor 1 Circuit High
Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit Low
Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit High
ThrottleIPedal Position SensorISwitch 'A' Circuit RanqeIPerformance
I I
168
150
150
229
231
150
PO135
Coolant Thermostat (Coolant Temperature Below Thermostat Regulating Temperature)
02 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank
1 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Circuit Slow Response
(Banlc 1 Sensor 1)
02 Sensor Circuit No Activitv Detected
(Banlc 1 Sensor 1)
188 02 Sensor Heater Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 1)