1998 BMW 540i Throttle

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130-67
Fuel Injection /
ME 7.2 system overview
The Bosch ME 7.2 system is used on 1999 - 2002 540i mod-
els.
1 4 The ME 7.2 enaine control module (ECM). located on the
l and a combined total of 134 pins.
--__-- 1 I. 9 pin connector
12 3 4 5 2 24 pin connector
0lliC;nii, 3. 52 pin connector
4. 40 pin connector
5. 9 pin connector
The ME 7.2 system has the following functions or capabilities:
Electronic throttle control (EDK) integrates idle and cruise
control functions. ECM carries out all throttle and idle con-
trol functions directly via EDK system.
Leak diagnosis pump
(LDP) control and feedback monitor-
ing for evaporative system leak testing.
Batterylalternator charge logic (idle speed varies with bat-
tery state of charge).
CAN-Bus communications with instrument cluster.
EWS
111 (3.3) "rolling code" ISN interface.
Ignition
knock sensors.
DSC (dynamic stability control) torque reduction.
Monitoring and control of VANOS
(camshaft timing) with
active Hail sensor for camshaft position monitoring.
Integrated altitude sensor.
One touch engine start control
Single speed secondary air injection system.
Long life spark plugs.
IHKA auxiliary (electric) cooling fan control.
All emissions-related ME 7.2 electrical components are mon-
itored for faults. if driveability complaints are encountered or
the malfunction indicator
light (MIL) is illuminated, interrogate
fault memory using a compatible scan tool.
4 Use a break-out box for ME 7.2 system testing and diagnosis
at the control module
(break out box set: BMW special tool
90
88 6 121 300).
Electrically heated (characteristic
map) cooling system
DME Harness Connector thermostat.

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130-68
Fuel Injection
0
4 The ME 7.2 uses a non-return fuel rail. The fuel pressure reg-
ulator is integrated into the fuel filter.
I iY.,lii,in
4 The M62 TU engine uses a continuously variable VANOS
system at each intake camshaft. This system enhances en-
gine performance and reduces tailpipe emissions. Both cam-
shafts are adjusted simultaneously within
20" (maximum) of
the camshafts rotational axis. This equates to a maximum
span of
40°crankshaft rotation.
regulalor from luel pump
NOTE-
The fuel filter is available as a replacement part without the
fuel pressure regulator. When replacing the fuel filter, trans-
fer the fuel pressure regulator from the old
filter to the new fil-
ter.
Engine idle speed control is a function of the EDK. The M62
TU engine does not use a separate idle control valve.
Mmn CON,ROL
EML
< The M62 TU engine uses an electrically controlled throttle
valve called EDK. The throttle plate is positioned by a DC
gear reduction motor based on inputs signals to the ECM
from the pedal position sensor (PWG).
When the accelerator pedal is moved, the PWG provides a
change in the monitored signals. The ME
7.2 control module
compares the input signal to a programmed map and appro-
priately activates the EDK motor via proportional pulse width
modulated control signals. The control module self-checks its
activation of the EDK motor via the EDK feedbaclc
potentiom-
eters.

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--
Fuel Injection I
The PWG potentiometers provide DC voltage signals as in-
put to the ME 7.2 control module for throttle and idle control
functions. Potentiometer signal
1 is the primary signal, poten-
tiometer 2 is used for a plausibility cross-check.
1. Potentiometer 1 ground
2. Potentiometer
1 power
3. Potentiometer 2 ground
4. Potentiometer 2 power
5. Potentiometer 1 signal to ECM
6. Potentiometer 2 signal to ECM
If errors are detected between potentiometer
1 and 2, the
ECM calculates the engine intake air mass (from
MAFsensor
signal) and only utilizes the potentiometer signal that closely
matches the detected
intake air mass. The ECM control mod-
ule uses the air mass signal for a comparative source to pro-
vide fail-safe operation.
If the ECM cannot calculate a
plausible conclusion from the monitored potentiometerthe
EDK motor is switched off and fuel injection cut-out is activat-
ed (no fail-safe operation possible).
EDK is continuously monitored during all phases of engine
operation. If faults are detected, the EDK motor is switched off
and fuel injection cut off is activated. The engine continues to
run extremely roughly at idle speed.
EDK adaptation
When the EDK throttle assembly is replaced, the adaptation
values of the previous EDK must be cleared from the ME 7.2
ECM using the BMW service testeroran equivalentscan tool.
Once the old adaptation values have been cleared, the new
EDK assembly should be installed and adapted as follows:
0 Switch ignition OFF for 10 seconds.
* Switch ignition ON. Afler approximately 30 seconds, the
EDK is briefly activated indicating that the replacement unit
is now adapted to the ME 7.2 system.
NOTE-
This EDK adaptation procedure is also necessary after re-
placing the
ME 7.2 engine control module. However, the ad-
aptation values do not require clearing since they have not
yet been established.
ECM relay, testing
The engine control module (ECM) relay is energized via the
ECM and supplies battery positive
(B+) power to many of the
engine management components and subsystems. If this re-
lay is faulty, the engine will not start.
NOTE-
The ECM relay is also referred to as the DME main relay

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130-74
I Fuel Injection
Evaporative system pressure leak
diagnosis, overview
The M62 TU engine is equipped wlth an evaporative fuel sys-
tem pressure leak diagnosis system. The main component of
this system is the leakdiagnosis pump (LDP). The function of
the LDP is to pressurize the fuel tank and the evaporative
emission system for the purpose of detecting leaks.
This system iscapable of detecting a
lealcas small as0.5 mm.
The LDP, located in the left rear wheel housing, contains the
following:
Vacuum chamber. Pneumatic pump chamber
DME activated vacuum solenoid
Reed switch (provides switched voltage
feedback signal to
DME).
The vacuum supply line is in the wiring harness from the en-
gine compartment and runs down the driver's side of the vehi-
cle.
The canister vent valve is
~ntegrated into the LDP, which IS
electrically controlled by the ECM. The canister vent valve is
opened to provide fresh air entry into the fuel system only dur-
ing purge operation.
- Purge operation characteristics:
Off idle through full throttle: purge valve opened by pulse
width modulated (PWM) control of the ECM. PWM duty cy-
cle varies by engine operating conditions
(e.g. warm idle,
purge valve opened slightly; cold
idleldecel with engine
temp
< 67" C. purge valve always closed).

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Fuel lnjection
I 1- I
4 /output l~em~erature signal. E-box fan I E-box fan
Connector
X60002 (continued)
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Input
Input
Input
Input
Ground
Output Heated
oxygen sensor signal
Heated oxygen sensor signal
Heated oxygen sensor signal
Heated oxygen sensor signal
Not used
Heated oxygen sensor, heater ground
Not used
Not used
Not used
Terminal 85 control
Not used Heated oxygen sensor
II behind catalytic converter
Heated oxygen sensor
I in front of catalytic converter
Heated oxygen sensor
I1 in front of catalytic converter
Heated oxygen sensor
I behind catalytic converter
Heated oxygen sensor I in front of catalytic converter
Engine control module relay
Connector
X60003
Ground
Output Input
Ground
Output
Input
Input
Output
Output
Input
Pin 1
2
3
Not used
Ground for electronic components
Voltage supply for hot
film mass air flow sensor
Signal EDK (electric throttle actuator) Hot film mass air flow sensor, ground
Electric throttle actuator
Not used
Voltage signal, terminal 30h
Alternator
D+ (terminal 61) signal
Injection signal
Injection signal
VANOS valve, signal
Type
Output
Output
Output
Ground connector
X6460
Hot film mass air flow sensor
Electric throttle actuator
Hot film mass air flow sensor
Electric throttle actuator, voltage supply
Starter
Alternator (generator)
Cylinder
7 fuel injection valve
Cylinder 6 fuel injection valve
VANOS valve, cylinder
5-8
Descriptionlfunction
Injection signal
Injection signal
Signal evaporative emission valve Notes
Cylinder 2 fuel injector valve
Cylinder 3 fuel injector valve
Evaporative emission valve

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I Fuel Injection
Connector X60003 (continued) Electric throttle actuator
25
- 27 28
29
30
31
32
33
I I I
36 jlnput I Knoclc sensor 2, signal 1 Knock sensor
I I I
Input
26
Output
Output
input
Output
Input
I ' I . I
43 1 ln~ut I Electric throttle actuator, signal (Electric throttle actuator
Ground, electric throttle actuator
1 Not
used
Hot film mass air flow sensor
34
- 37
38
39
40
41
42
injection signal
Injection
signal
VANOS valve, signal
Not used
Thermostat characteristic map, signal
Crankshaft position sensor, signal
Not used
35 l~round I~nock sensor, shield 1 ~nock sensor
Cylinder
8 fuel injection valve
Cylinder
5 fuel injection valve
VANOS valve, cylinders
1-4
Characteristic map
Crankshaft positionlrpm sensor
input
input
Ground
Input
Output
Output
Innut
Hot film mass air flow sensor, signal
I
44
45 46
47
48
49
50
51
52
Connector )(GO004
Knock sensor 4, signal
Knock sensor, shield
Oil
level (thermal)
Injection, signal
Injection, signal
Electric throttle actuator, signal
Not used
Ground
Crankshaft position sensor, signal
Not used
Knoclc sensor, shield
Knock sensor
1, signal
Knock sensor
3, signal
Knock sensor, shield
Secondary air injection pump valve, signal
'
Ground
Input
Ground
input Input
Ground
Input
I' I ... I . ~
Knock sensor
Knocic sensor
Oil level sensor
Cylinder
4 fuel injection valve
Cylinder
1 fuel injection valve
Electric throttle actuator
Crankshaft sensor shield
Crankshaft
positionlrprn sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Secondary air injection pump valve
Notes
Instrument cluster
Integrated instrument cluster control
Secondary air injection pump
relay
Pin
1
2
3
Electric (auxiliary) cooling fan 4
Type
Output
Output
Outout
Descriptionlsignal type
Charge indicator signal (terminal
61)
Voltage signal, terminal 30h
Secondam air pump relay, activation
Input
5
Signal, electric (auxiliary) cooling fan, signal
I~ot used

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Driveshaft
Driveshaft problems and causes
Symptom Probable cause Corrective action
Vibration when starting off Center bearing rubber deteriorated. Inspect center bearing and rubber. Replace if necessary.
(forward or reverse)
Flex-disc damaged or worn.
Inspect flex-disc. Replace
if necessary.
Engine or transmission mounts
faulty. Inspect engine and transmission mounts. Align or
replace, if necessary.
Front centering guide worn, or driveshaft
Checic front centering guide and replace
if necessary.
mounting flanges out of round.
Check
runout of driveshaft flanges.
Universal joint worn or seized.
Check universal joint play and movement. Replace
driveshaft if necessary.
Driveshaft misaligned. Check driveshaft alignment.
Noise during onloff throttle Final
drive components worn or damaged
Remove final drive and repair. 331 Final Drive
or when engaging clutch. (excessive pinion-to-ring-gear clearance).
Drive axle or CV joint faulty.
Inspect drive axles and CV joints. Repair or replace as
necessary.
331 Final Drive
Vibration at 25 to
30 mph
Front centering guide worn, or driveshaft
Check front centering guide and replace if necessary.
(40 to 50
kmlh). mounting flanges out of round or damaged.
Check runout of driveshaft mounting flanges.
Universal joint worn or seized.
Check universal joint play and movement. Replace
driveshaft if necessary.
Flex-disc damaged or worn.
Inspect flex-disc. Replace if necessary.
Center bearing rubber deteriorated.
Inspect center bearing. Replace if necessary.
Misaligned installed position. Check driveshaft alignment.
Vibration, audible rumble Front centering guide worn, or driveshaft
Check front centering guide and replace
if necessary.
over
35 mph (60 kmlh). mounting flanges out of rouncl or damaged.
Check runout of driveshaft mounting flanges. - -
Mounting flange bolts loose or holes worn.
Remove driveshaft and check transmission output flange
and final drive input flange. Replace if necessary.
Driveshaft unbalanced. Check driveshaft for loose or missing balance weights.
Have driveshaft rebalanced or replace if necessary.
Universal ioint worn or seized.
Check universal ioint
~lav and movement. Reolace ' .. driveshaft if necessary.
Center bearing faulty.
Replace center bearing.
.
Final drive rubber mount faulty.
Inspect final drive rubber mount and repiace if necessary.
Driveshaft misaligned.
Check driveshaft alignment.

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300-1 2
I Sus~ension, Steerincl and Brakes - General
E39 electronic brake and stability control
systems application table
(528i, 54bi) Traction (ASC) I Hydraulic unit in right rear of engine compartment 1
Identifiers
Year (model)
I No precharge pump 1
Manuf. up to 911998 l~utomatic Stability Control plus I Electronic control module next to glove compartment
System
Precharge pump in
lefl front of engine compartment, below
steering fluid reservoir
Separate rotational rate (yaw) and lateral acceleration sensors
I I
Combined rotational rate (yaw) and lateral acceleration sensors
Electronic control
module next to glove compartment
Hydraulic unit in right rear of engine compartment
Manuf. up to 911999
(540i optional)
I I
ABS system
Dynamic Stability Control (Bosch
DSC
Ill v. 5.3)
The electronically controlled
ABS maintains vehicle stability
and control during emergency braking by preventing wheel
lock-up.
ABS provides optimum deceleration and stability dur-
ing adverse conditions. It automatically adjusts brake system
hydraulic pressure at each wheel to prevent wheel lock-up.
Control
moduleihydraulic unit
in right rear of engine compartment
No precharge pump
Manuf. from
911999
(all models)
Automatic Stability Control (ASC)
Dynamic Stability Control (Boscli
DSC Ill v. 5.7)
NOJE-
ASC (Automatic Stability Control) may also be referred to as
ASCiT (Automatic Stability ControkTraction).
ASC works in conjunction with ABS and the engine manage-
ment system to enhance vehicle control. The main function of
the
ASC system is to maintain the contact between the tires
and the road surface under all driving conditions. This is
achieved through exact application and management of brak-
ing and drivetrain forces.
The
ASC system improves traction by electronically applying
the rear brakes when the rear drive wheels are spinning at a
faster rate than the front wheels. The combined
ABSIASC
control module, operating through the ABS hydraulic control
unit, modulates braking force at the rear wheels.
In addition,
ASC overrides the throttle opening to reduce en-
gine torque and maintain vehicle traction. Because the throt-
tle is controlled electronically, the driver cannot increase
engine power output during
ASC intervention regardless of
how far the accelerator pedal is pushed.