1997 BMW 528i Steering rack

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Steering and Wheel ~lignmentl
Remove lower steering column flexible joint pinch bolt (ar-
row). Pull flexible joint off steering rack shaft.
Remove steering rack mounting bolts. Remove steering
raclc
from subframe by pulling it to left.
Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, splines and mating
surfaces are clean.
Use new steering rack mounting bolts. Tighten in two stag-
es. Note tightening instructions in torque table below.
Use anti-seize paste on inner tie rod threads.
Use new self-loclting nuts wherever applicable.
Use keved
comDonents to reassemble steerino column
flexible\oint to ;teering raclt shaft. u
Use new bolt at steering shaft coupling.
Use new sealing O-rings on banjo fittings.
Do not over-torque banjo bolts.
Fill and bleed power steering system as described earlier.
Use tie rod measurement previously made (measurement
A) to temporarily set toe.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques Hydraulic lines to steering rack (use new O-ring
seals)
M14 banjo bolt 35 Nrn (26 ft-lb)
. M16 banjo bolt 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
Steering shaft coupling
to rack (use new bolt) 19 Nm (14 it-lb)
Steering rack to subframe (use new bolts)
- initial torque 50 Nm (37 ft-lb)
Torque angle 90"
Tie rod
to Steering knuckle (replace self-locking
65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
nut)
- to Steering rack 71 Nm (52 ft-ib)
Outer tie rod end lock nut
51 Nm (38 ft-lb)

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
--. --
Steering and Wheel Alignment
Steering rack boot, replacing
- Remove outer tie rod end. See Tie rod (outer), replacing
- Cut rack boot band clamps and remove boot.
- Cut rack boot band clamp and slide bellows back. Inspect
boot for any sign of damage. Replace
if necessary.
NOTE-
New rack boot lit comes with new band clamp.
- Grease tie rod taper so that small end of rack boot slides on
tie rod when tie rod is tightened, preventing raclc boot from
twisting.
- Slide new boot into position and replace band clamps
Tie rod (outer), replacing
LOCI( nut Locking ring
- Raise front of car. Remove road wheel
WARNING-
Male sure caris firmly suppoiiedon jackstands designed for
the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural chassis
ooints. Do not olace iack stands under
susoension oaiis.
4 Make reference measurement (A) of outer tie rod end to tie
rod. Record measurement.
NOTE-
Accurate measurement of the tie rod end with reference to
the tie rod will help approximate correct
wheel alignment
when new parts are installed.
Note correct placement of inner taper on
loclcing ring.
Loosen outer tie rod end
loclc nut (arrow).
Remove tie rod lock nut from steering
ltnuclcle.
Press tie rod out of steering knuckle using BMW
31 2 240 or equivalent. special tool
Unscrew tie rod end from tie rod shaft.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Steering and Wheel Alignment
- lnstallation is reverse of removal.
Make sure all threaded parts are clean.
Use anti-seize paste on inner tie rod threads.
Use new self-locking nuts, where applicable.
Use tie rod measurement
(A) to set toe temporarily.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torque
Tie rod
to steering itnuckle (replace seii-loclting nut) 65 Nm ( 46 ft-lb)
Outer tie rod end ioclt nut 51 Nm (38 ft-ib)
Tie rod (inner), replacing
- To replace inner tie rod, first remove outer tie rod end. See
Tie rod (outer), replacing.
- Cut rack boot clamps and slide bellows back
4 Loosen and remove inner tie rod shafl from steering rack with
special tool
32 2 110.
NOTE-
To avoid damage to steering rack while removing tie rod, turn
steering until end of rack is as far as possible inside rack
housing.
- When reassembling, grease tie rod taper so that rack boot
support buffer or small end of rack boot slides on tie rod when
tie rod is tightened, preventing rack boot from twisting.
- Inspect boot for any signs of damage. Replace boot if neces-
sary, using new clamps.
NOTE-
New rack boot comes with new band clamps
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all threaded parts are clean
Replace self-locking nuts.
Install outer tie rod end to new tie rod. Use tie rod measure-
ment
(A) to set toe temporarily.
Have car professionally aligned.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Steering and Wheel Alignment
Tightening torques
Tie rod
to Steering knuckle (replace self-locking nut) 65 Nm (48 it-lb)
to Steering rack 71 Nrn (52 ft-lb)
Outer tie rod end lock nut 51 Nrn (38 ft-lb)
Refer to the steering components illustration when perform-
ing the procedures below.
Steering gearbox system
components
(V-8 models
up to
911 999)
1. Tie rod end nut
2. Washer
3. Tie rod end
4. Steering fluid cooler
5. Tie rod end clamp bolt
6. Nut
7. ldler arm
8. ldler arm bushing
9. ldler arm bolt
10. Steering fluid reservoir
11. Hose clamp
12. Fluid supply line
13. Power steering pump
14. Fluid return line
15. O-ring seal
16. Banjo bolt
17. High pressure line
18. Center tie rod
19. Nut
20. Pitman arm
21.
Pitman arm pinch bolt
22. Nut
23. Fluid cooler supply line
24. Steering gearbox

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
320-34
I Steerins and Wheel Alignment
Front toe and toe difference angle
Toe is the difference in the distance between the front of the
front wheels and the rear of the front wheels. It is adjusted by
altering the length of the tie rods.
Toe difference angle determines the progressively different
paths taken by the front wheels as the car is turning. In
V-8
models, it is set by the pitman arm adjustment, but depends
on accurate setting of the toe.
Toe adjustments should only be made on specialized align-
ment equipment and only with the car in normal loaded posi-
tion, described below.
- Set front wheel toe at tie rod ends:
4 6-cylinder models: Loosen tie rod lock nut (A).
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod (B) to change length
- V-8 models: Loosen left and right tie rod clamp bolts.
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod to change length.
NOTE-
* Steering rack or steering gearbox can be centered by
aligning centering mark on steering shaft
with lug on steer-
ing rack.
To keep steering wheel centered, adjust both tie rods equal
amounts.
&cylinder models: Make sure the rubber boot on the rack
moves freely on the tie rod and does not become twisted.
Tightening torques
Tie rod clamp bolt
Tie rod collar
nut
27 Nm (20 ft-lb)
45 Nm (33 A-lb)
Rear toe
To adjust rear wheel toe, turn eccentric inner mounting bolt in
upper front control arm (traction strut).
NOTE-
Always adjust rear camber first.
- Before making toe adjustment, install new
mounting nut and tighten.
- Loosen nut one-half to one full turn.
4 Turn eccentric bolt (arrow) to adjust toe. rear
control arm

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Isteering and Wheel Alignment
6-cylinder sedan (5251,5281,530i)
Parameter
Front axle
. .. I I I
Outside wheel (approx. ") / 33.5 133 133
M Sport
suspension
Standard
suspension
With
i 20" wheel loclc
Front wheel displacement
Inside wheel
(approx. ")
Sport suspension
O0 5' i 10'
- 36' i 30'
-ID56'-t30'
N/A
6" 41' i 30'
Total toe
Camber (difference between lefffright maximum
40')
Track (differential angle with 20" lock on inside wheel)
Caster (difference between lefffright maximum
30')
With i 10" wheel locic
6" 42' i 30'
0°i15'
42
. .. I I I
Rear axle
6-cylinder Sport Wagon (5251,5281)
0"5'il0'
-13'+30'
-1" 56' -t 30'
N/A
6" 28' i 30'
OD5'i10'
- 36' i 30'
-1" 56' i 30'
N/A
6" 41' i 30'
6" 55'
i 30'
0'2 15'
41.5
0" 22'
-t 4'
0" i 12' Geometrical axis deviation
6' 55' i 30'
0"
i 15'
41.5
0°22'i4' Total toe 0" 22' i 4'
Camber (difference between leitlright maximum 15') 1-20 04' ?- 5' 1-2" 04' i 5'
O"i12'
Sport suspension
Parameter
- I I
. .. I I
Outside wheal (approx. ") 133.5 133
-2' 04' -t 5'
OO-t 12'
Standard suspension
Wlth i 10" wheel lock
I I
Front axle
With
i 20" wheel lock 16" 42' i 30' 16" 55'i30'
6" 28' i- 30'
0"
i 15' Front wheel displacement
. .. I I
Rear axle
D"5'iIO'
- 36' i 30'
-I056'i30'
NIA
Total toe
Camber (difference between
IeWright maximum 40')
Track (differential angle with 20" lock on inside wheel)
Caster (difference between
lefffrioht maximum 30') 6" 41'
+ 30'
Inside wheel (approx. ") 142 141.5
OOi 15'
0"5'i10'
- 13'i30'
-1" 56' i 30'
N/A
0" 16'i 10' Total toe
0" i 12' Geometrical axis deviation
Camber (difference
between iefffright maximum
15') /-lo 50' i 20' 1-1" 50'i20'
0" 16'f 10'
0" il2'

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Steering and Wheel Alignment
V-8 Sedan (540i)
I Front axle I
Parameter Standard
suspension
Total toe
.
Track (differential angle with 20" ioclc on inside wheel)
Caster (difference between
leftiright maximum 30')
With i 10° wheel loclc
With i 20" wheel lock
Front
wheel displacement
Inside
wheel (approx. ")
Outside wheel (approx. ")
M Sport suspension
Camber (difference between
leitiright maximum 40') 1- 13'i30' 1- 30' i 30' 1- 37' i 30'
0" 10'i 10' 0" 14'ilO'
Sport suspension
0" 14'i 10'
Rear axie
-1°35'i30'
N/A
6" 18'+30'
6' 36' i 30'
0"
i 15'
42
32.6
Total toe
Camber (difference between
IeWright maximum 15')
Geometrical axis deviation ~~
V-8 Sport Wagon (540i)
O"10'iW
-lo 49' i 5'
O"i12'
0" 22' i 4'
-2' 04' i 5'
0"
i 12'
Parameter
-1 " 43 'i 30'
NIA
6" 27'
i 30'
6"49'i30'
Pilo'
41.5
32
0°22'i4'
-2" 04' i 5'
O"i 12'
-ID 44' i 30'
N/A
6" 34' i 30'
6' 50' 130'
0" i 15'
42
31.8
Standard suspension Sport suspension
Front axie
0" 14'210'
-37i30'
-la44'+30'
N/A
6" 34' i 30'
6' 50' i 30'
O0i15'
42
31.8
0"
16'2 10'
-I050'i20'
0" i 12'
Total toe
Camber (difference between
ieftiright maximum 40')
Track (differential angle
with 20" loclc on inside wheel)
Caster (difference between
leftiright maximum 30')
With i 10" wheel lock
With i 20° wheel lock
Front wheel displacement
Inside wheel (approx.
")
Outside wheel (approx. ")
0" 14'i 10'
-13'i30'
-1" 35' i 30'
N/A
6' lS'i30'
6' 36' i 30'
On+ 15'
42 32.65
Rear axle
Total toe
Camber (difference between
lettiright maximum 15')
Geometrical axis deviation
0" 16'i 10'
-I050'i20'
0" i 12'

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
4 Disconnect and remove speed sensor electrical harness (ar-
row) from retaining mounts. (Lefl front wheel shown).
- During installation, apply thin coat of StaburagsBNBU 12/K
or equivalent grease to speed sensor and housing.
- Installation is reverse of removal.
Tightening torque
ABS wheel speed sensor to steering knuckle or 8 Nm (6 It-lb)
rear wheel bearing carrier
ABS impulse wheel
The front and rear impulse wheels are integral with the inner
wheel bearing seal and not available as separate part. See
310 Front Suspension or 330 Rear Suspension for wheel
bearing replacement procedures.
DSC lateral acceleration or rotational rate
(yaw) sensor, replacing
DSC system on 1998 cars (Bosch DSC Ill v. 5.3): Lateral ac-
celeration sensor and rotational rate (yaw) sensor are sepa-
rate units, both mounted underneath or in front of driver's
seat.
DSC system on 1999 and later cars (Bosch DSC
Ill v. 5.7):
Lateral acceleration sensor and rotational rate (yaw) sensor
are combined into one unit, located under driver's seat.
- Remove driver's seat. See 520 Seats.
- Lateral acceleration sensor (1 998 models): Remove lower
lefl door pillar trim (driver's
kick panel) to access sensor. Pull
up carpet as necessary to reach sensor harness connector
or fasteners.
4 Rotational rate (yaw) sensor (1998 models): Remove plastic
trim at door sill to access sensor (arrow). Pull up carpet and
move insulation forward as necessary to reach sensor har-
ness connector or fasteners.
- Combined lateral acceleration / rotational rate (yaw) sensor
(1 999 and later models): Remove plastic trim at door sill to
access sensor. Pull up carpet and move insulation forward as
necessary to reach sensor harness connector or fasteners.
- Disconnect electrical harness connector at sensor.
- Combined sensor (1 999 and later models): Remove sensor
bracket mounting screws.