1997 BMW 528i Tightening torque

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
Tightening torques
Tie rod
to Steering knuckle (replace self-locking nut) 65 Nm (48 it-lb)
to Steering rack 71 Nrn (52 ft-lb)
Outer tie rod end lock nut 51 Nrn (38 ft-lb)
Refer to the steering components illustration when perform-
ing the procedures below.
Steering gearbox system
components
(V-8 models
up to
911 999)
1. Tie rod end nut
2. Washer
3. Tie rod end
4. Steering fluid cooler
5. Tie rod end clamp bolt
6. Nut
7. ldler arm
8. ldler arm bushing
9. ldler arm bolt
10. Steering fluid reservoir
11. Hose clamp
12. Fluid supply line
13. Power steering pump
14. Fluid return line
15. O-ring seal
16. Banjo bolt
17. High pressure line
18. Center tie rod
19. Nut
20. Pitman arm
21.
Pitman arm pinch bolt
22. Nut
23. Fluid cooler supply line
24. Steering gearbox

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L.. Steering and Wheel ~li~nrnentl ~
4 Mark A on steering gearbox shaft must be located in center
of
pitman arm slot.
- Adjust pitman arm as described later.
I 5"?~~5~"
I / < Gap A = 0.5 - 8.5 mm (0.02 - 0.33 in)
- Tighten pitman arm pinch bolt to specification.
' 1 Tightening torques
I u "steering Steering gearbox to subframe 62 Nm (46 ft-lb)
box Steering shaft universal joint to steering 19 Nm (14 It-lb)
gearbox (replace bolt)
- Install center tie rod to pitman arm using a new self locking
Pilrnan nut. arm
5nz3zn588 - Connect harness connector for Servotronic electro-hydraulic
regulator
if necessary.
- Connect fluid hoses to steering gearbox. Use new sealing
washers at couplings and make sure not to overtorque banjo
bolts.
Tightening torques Hydraulic lines to steering gearbox (banjo bolts)
MI0 12 Nm (9 ft-lb)
- M14 35 Nm (26 ft-lb)
. M16 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
MI8 45 Nm (33 it-lb)
Center tie rod to pitrnan arm 65 Nm (48 it-lb)
(use new self-loclting nut)
- Reconnect negative (-) battery cable.
- lnstall airbag unit. See 721 Airbag System (SRS).
- Fill and bleed power steering system as described earlier.

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320-28
[steering and Wheel Alignment
Pitman arm, removing and installing
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
Male sure the car is
firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place
jaclc stands under suspension
parts.
4 Set steering wheel in straight ahead position with tab (arrow)
aligned with mark on steering gearbox.
Remove center tie rod fastener and press tie rod out of pit.
man arm with BMW special
too1 32 1 190.
- Loosen and remove pitman arm pinch bolt
4 Mark A on steering gearbox shalt must be located in center
of
pitman arm slot.
- Reinstall center tie rod and tighten nut.
- Adjust pitman arm height as described later.
- Have vehicle professionally aligned.
Tightening torques
50:s,n5m Center tie rod to pitman arm 65
Nm (48 ft-lb)
(use new self-locking nut)
Pitman arm pinch bolt (note direction of threads) 61 Nrn (45 ft-lb)

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I Steering and Wheel Alignment
I I 4 Gap A = 0.5 - 8.5 mm (0.02 - 0.33 in)
- Reinstall inner control arm bolts
Tightening torques
Control arm to
subframe 78 Nm (58 it-lb)
(tighten with wheel on ground)
Pitman arm pinch bolt (note direction of threads) 61 Nm (45 ft-lb)
Steering idler arm, removing and installing
The idler arm is bolted to the subframe through a bushing.
The bushing is subject to wear and is available as a replace-
ment part.
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING -
Male sure the car is firmly supported on jaclc stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
parts.
4 Remove center tie rod fastener and press tie rod out of idler
arm with
BMW special tool 32 1 190.
- Remove idler arm mounting bolt through opening in sub-
frame and remove idler arm from car.
- Installation is reverse of removal.
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts and mating surfac-
es are clean.
Use new self
loclting nuts to mount idler arm to subframe
and center tie rod to idler arm.
If idler arm or idler arm bushing is replaced, adjust
pitman
arm as described earlier.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques
Center tie rod to idler arm 65 Nm (48 ft-ib)
(replace self-locking nut)
Idler arm to front subirame
(replace self-locking nut) 62
Nm (46 it-lb)

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320-31
Steering and Wheel ~li~nrnentl
ldler arm bushing, replacing
- Remove idler arm as described earlier.
< Press out bushing. Use BMW special tools 32 1 050 and 32
2 032 or equivalent press fittings.
4 Press in new bushing with BMW special tools 33 1 305 and
32 2 032 or equivalent press fittings.
4 Press new bushing in correct direction (arrow).
u ..... "A",
Press bushing in until lip makes firm contact (A) with idler
arm.
I
Installation is the reverse of removal
Use new self locking nuts to mount idler arm to
subframe
and traclc arm.
a Adjust pitman arm height as described earlier.
Have vehicle professionally aligned.
Tightening torques Center tie rod to idler arm
65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
;nl?mmn / (replace self-locking nut)
ldler arm to front
subframe
(replace sell-locking nut) 62
Nm (46 ft-lb)

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320-32
Steering and Wheel Alignment
Center tie
rod, replacing
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING-
Make sure tlie car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
cliassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
parts.
- Measure length of left and right (outer) tie rods. Write down
measurements.
NOTE-
Accurate measurement of the tie rod end with reference to
the center tie rod will help approximate correct wheel align-
ment when new parts are installed.
4 Remove self-loclting nuts connecting center tie rod to pitman
and idler arms. Press tie rod off pitman and idler arms using
BMW special tool
32 1 190 or equivalent.
4 Loosen left tie rod clamping bolt (arrow). Unscrew left tie rod
from center tie rod. Repeat for right.
- Installation is reverse of removal.
Malte sure all threaded parts are clean.
. Coat threads with antiseize compound.
Replace self-loclting nuts.
Check tie rod end ball joints and idler arm bushing for wear.
Use tie rod measurements previously made to temporarily
set toe.
- Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques
Center tie rod to
pitman and idler arms 65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
(replace self-locking nuts)
Left or right outer
tie rod clamping bolt 27 Nm (20 it-lb)

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Steerina and Wheel ~lianmentl
Proper handling, stability and driving ease depend upon the
correct alignment of all four wheels. The front axle is aligned
in relation to the rear axle, then the front wheels are aligned in
relation to one another. This is known as a four-wheel or
thrust-axis alignment.
Front and rear alignment specification are given in tables at
the end of this repair group.
BMW E39 cars use a sophisticated multi-link suspension at
the front and rear of the car. Proper alignment requires com-
puterized alignment equipment.
Camber
Front wheel camber is set at the factory and cannot be adjust-
ed. Rear wheel camber is fully adjustable.
Always set rear camber before adjusting toe
Before making rear camber adjustment, install a new rear
control arm mounting nut
(arrow) and tighten.
- Loosen mounting nut one-half to one full turn.
Using eccentric bolt, adjust camber to factory settings.
Tighten nut only after car has been lowered to ground and
suspension has settled.
Tighten nut while counterholding adjustment bolt.
Tightening torque
Camber adjusting nut (rear)
MI2 (sedan)
- MI4 (Sport Wagon)
115 Nm (85 ft-lb)
174 Nm (128 ft-lb)
Caster
Front and rear caster are fixed by the design of the car and
deviations are usually the result of worn or damaged suspen-
sion or body parts.
- Check front suspension arms and bushings for wear, dam-
age and deformation if front caster problems are present.
- Check rear axle subfrarne and traction struts if rear caster
problems are present.

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320-34
I Steerins and Wheel Alignment
Front toe and toe difference angle
Toe is the difference in the distance between the front of the
front wheels and the rear of the front wheels. It is adjusted by
altering the length of the tie rods.
Toe difference angle determines the progressively different
paths taken by the front wheels as the car is turning. In
V-8
models, it is set by the pitman arm adjustment, but depends
on accurate setting of the toe.
Toe adjustments should only be made on specialized align-
ment equipment and only with the car in normal loaded posi-
tion, described below.
- Set front wheel toe at tie rod ends:
4 6-cylinder models: Loosen tie rod lock nut (A).
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod (B) to change length
- V-8 models: Loosen left and right tie rod clamp bolts.
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod to change length.
NOTE-
* Steering rack or steering gearbox can be centered by
aligning centering mark on steering shaft
with lug on steer-
ing rack.
To keep steering wheel centered, adjust both tie rods equal
amounts.
&cylinder models: Make sure the rubber boot on the rack
moves freely on the tie rod and does not become twisted.
Tightening torques
Tie rod clamp bolt
Tie rod collar
nut
27 Nm (20 ft-lb)
45 Nm (33 A-lb)
Rear toe
To adjust rear wheel toe, turn eccentric inner mounting bolt in
upper front control arm (traction strut).
NOTE-
Always adjust rear camber first.
- Before making toe adjustment, install new
mounting nut and tighten.
- Loosen nut one-half to one full turn.
4 Turn eccentric bolt (arrow) to adjust toe. rear
control arm