1997 BMW 328i rack
[x] Cancel search: rackPage 234 of 759
240-
6
AUTOMATIC
TRANSMISSION
14
.
Remove
transmission
by
pulling
back
and
down
.
Lower
jack
to
allow
transmission
to
clear
vehicle
.
Tightening
Torques
"
ATF
drain
plug
to
ATF
sump
CA
UTION-
MS
270R/A4S
310R
....
..
....
.
..
25
Nm
(18
ft-Ib)
Do
not
allow
the
torque
converter
to
fati
off
the
ASS
310Z(M10
plug)
..
..
..
.
.
..
.
..
16
Nm
(12
ft-Ib)
transmission
inputshaft
.
"
ATF
fill
plug
to
ATF
sump
MS
270R/A4S
310R
..
..
....
..
..
.
33
Nm
(24
ft-Ib)
15
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal,
noting
the
following
:
MS
310Z(M30
plug)
......
.
.
..
.
.
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
"Blowoutofcoolerlineswithlow-pressurecompressed
"
ATF
cooler
lines
(A4S
270R/A4S
310R)
air
and
flush
coolerwith
clean
ATF
twice
before
reat-
Coupling
nuts
............
.
.
..
..
.
20
Nm
(15
ft-Ib)
taching
lines
to
transmission
.
Hollow
bolts
.........
.
.....
..
..
.
37
Nm
(28
ft-Ib)
"
Reinforcing
cross
brace
CAUTION-
to
chassis
(M10)
.............
.
..
.
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
"
Wear
safety
glasses
when
working
with
com-
"
Torque
converter
pressedair
.
to
driveplate
(M10)
.........
..
.
..
45
Nm
(33
ft-Ib)
"
Transmissionsupport
crossmember
to
chassis
"
Do
not
reuse
ATF
after
flushing
.
M8
......................
22-24
Nm
(16-17
ft-1b)
M10
................
.
....
..
.
..
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
"
Install
new
sealing
washers
on
hollow
bolts
.
"
Transmissíon
to
engine
(Torx-head
with
washer)
"
Insta¡¡
new
O-rings
on
transmission
cooler
lines,
where
M8
......................
..
.
..
21
Nm
(15
ft-Ib)
applicable
.
M10
.....................
..
..
.
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
"
Inspect
driveplate
for
cracks
or
elongatedholes
.
Re-
M12
................
.
....
..
.
..
72
Nm
(53ft-Ib)
place
if
necessary
.
"
Check
to
be
sure
torque
converter
is
seated
correctly
in
transmission
during
final
installation
.
"
When
mounting
transmission
to
engine,
the
three
mounting
tabs
on
torque
converter
must
be
aligned
with
indentations
on
driveplate
.
Use
an
alignment
dowel
to
line
up
bolt
holes,
if
necessary
.
"
Fill
transmission
with
clean
ATF
until
oil
leve¡
is
even
with
fill
hole
.
Then
check
fluid
leve¡
as
described
ear-
lier
.
"
Adjust
gearshift
mechanism
.
See
250
Gearshift
link-
age
.
NOTE-
Torx-head
mounting
bolts
shouldalwaysbe
used
with
washers
to
prevent
difficult
removal
.
TRANSMISSION
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
Page 245 of 759
Fig
.
6
.
Preload
center
bearing
toward
front
4-6
mm
(arrow)
.
5331
5
.
Tightenthreadedsleeveondriveshafttopropertorque
.
6
.
Insta¡¡
heat
shield
and
heat
shield
crossmember
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Driveshaftcenter
mount
to
body
.
.
..
21
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
"
Driveshaft
clamping
sleeve
.....
.
.
.
10
Nm
(89
in-lb)
"
Driveshaft
to
final
drive
flange
With
CV
joint
(M8)
............
...
32
Nm
(23
ft-Ib)
Wth
U-joint
(M10
ribbed
nut)
....
...
80
Nm
(59
ft-Ib)
With
U-joint
(M10
compressed
nut)
..
60
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)
"
Flex-disc
to
driveshaft
or
transmissionflange
M10
(8.8
grade)
.........
.
....
..
.
48
Nm
(35
ft-Ib)
M10
(10
.9
grade)
........
.
....
...
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)
M12
(8.8
grade)
........
.....
..
.
.
81
Nm
(60
ft-Ib)
M12
(10
.9
grade)
.
.
....
......
...
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
M12
(10
.9
grade)
(M3
models)
..
.
.
.
115
Nm
(85
ft-Ib)
"
Transmission
crossmember
to
body
(M8)
.
....
...........
....
21
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
NOTE-
Bolt
grade
is
markedon
the
bolt
head
.
When
replacing
bolts,
only
use
bolts
of
the
same
strength
and
hardnessas
the
originalsinstalled
.
Flex-disc,
replacing
The
flex-disc
between
the
front
section
of
the
driveshaft
and
theoutputflange
of
the
transmission
should
be
checked
for
cracks,
tears,
missing
pieces,
or
distortion
.
Check
for
worn
bolt
hole
bores
in
theflange
.
1
.
Remove
driveshaft
as
described
in
Driveshaft,
remov-
ing
.
NOTE-
¡t
is
possible
to
only
partially
remove
the
driveshaft,
leaving
it
connected
to
the
final
drive
.
The
driveshaft
canbe
tilted
down
in
thecenter
and
slidoff
the
trans-
mission
flange
once
the
clamping
sleeve
is
loosened
and
the
center
bearing
bracket
is
unbolted
.
Suspend
the
driveshaft
using
stiff
wire
in
as
close
to
the
installed
position
as
possible
.
If
the
driveshaft
hangs
unsupport-
ed,
the
rear
universal
joint
may
be
damaged
.
2
.
Unbolt
flex-dísc
from
driveshaft
.
DRIVESHAFT
260-
5
7
.
Install
exhaust
system
.
See
180
Exhaust
System
.
Connect
wiring
harness
to
oxygen
sensors
.
NOTE-
Removaland
installation
of
the
boltsmaybe
made
eas-
8
.
Road
test
vehicle
to
check
for
noiseor
vibration
.
ier
by
placing
a
large
hose
clamp
around
the
flex-disc,
and
tightening
the
clamp
slightlyto
compress
the
cou
WARNING
-
pling
.
"
Do
not
reuse
self-locking
nuts
.
These
nuts
aredesigned
to
beused
only
once
.
3
.
Insta¡¡
new
flex-disc
using
new
self-locking
nuts
.
Mold-
"
Avóid
stressing
the
flex-disc
when
torquing
the
ed
arrows
on
coupling
should
face
flange
arms
.
See
bolts
Do
this
holding
the
bolts
Fig
.
7
.
steady
and
.
uy
turning
the
nuts
on
theflange
side
.
5
:132
Fig
.
7
.
When
attaching
flex-disc,
molded
arrows
must
point
toward
flange
arms
.
DRIVESHAFT
SERVICE
Page 250 of 759
300-2
SUSPENSION,
STEERING
AND
BRAKES-GENERAL
Steering
INTEGRATED
SYSTEMS
The
steering
linkage
connects
the
rack-and-pinion
unit
through
tie
rodsto
the
steering
arms
.
The
tie
rod
ends
allow
the
wheels
to
pivot
and
react
to
suspension
travel
.
Rear
Suspension
The
rear
axle
carrier
is
the
main
mounting
point
for
the
final
drive
housing
and
the
rear
suspension
components
.
Trailing
arms
locatethe
rear
wheels
and
anchorthe
springs,
shocks
and
stabilizer
bar
.
Driveaxies
with
constant-velocity
(CV)
joints
at
both
ends
transfer
power
from
the
differential
to
the
road
wheels
.
The
differential
is
mounted
to
the
rearaxle
carrier
through
rubber
mountsand
bushings
to
hele
isolate
drivetrain
noise
and
vibration
.
Brakes
E36
cars
areequipped
with
power
disc
brakes
with
an
inte-
gral
antilock
brakes
(ABS)
.
The
parking
brake
is
a
dual-drum
system
integrated
with
the
rear
brake
rotors
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
Power
assist
is
provided
by
a
vacuum
booster
when
the
en-
gine
is
running
.
The
brakepedal
pushrod
is
connected
directly
to
the
master
cylinder,
so
failure
of
the
vacuum
booster
does
not
normally
result
in
total
brake
failure
.
0012124
Each
disc
brakeuses
a
caliper
with
a
single
hydraulic
cylin-
Fig
.
2
.
Front
suspension
control
arm
(arrow)
.
der
.
Brake
pads
in
the
left
front
and
right
rear
contain
wear
sensors
.
When
the
padsneed
replacement,the
sensors
illu-
The
front
suspension
is
designed
with
minimum
positive
minate
a
light
on
the
dashboard
.
steering
offset
.
This
geometry
contributes
to
stability
when
traction
is
unequalfrom
side
to
side
.
Suspension
travel
is
lim-
Tires
and
Wheels
ited
by
rubber
bump
stops
.
The
three
point
mounting
of
each
L-shaped
control
arm
ere-
Tiresize
is
critica¡
to
the
proper
operatíon
of
the
E36
ABS
or
cisely
controls
the
front-to-rear
and
side-to-side
position
of
the
ABS/AST
system
.
Severa¡
different
styles
of
wheels,
in
15,16
strut,
while
the
flexibility
of
the
joints
and
mounts
alsoallows
and
17
inch
diameters,
are
available
from
an
authorized
BMW
the
movement
necessary
for
suspension
travel
.
The
control
dealer
.
arm
mounting
points
are
designed
with
anti-dive
geometry
.
The
suspension
reduces
the
normaltendency
for
the
front
of
NOTE-
the
vehicle
to
dive
under
hard
braking
.
Aftermarket
wheelsshould
be
selected
wlth
care
.
Im-
properly
fitted
wheels
can
contact
anddamage
sus
Control
arm
position
is
fixed,
with
no
adjustment
provisions
pension,
brakeorbodycomponentsandmayadversely
on
the
control
arms
for
alter¡ng
front
wheel
al
ignment
.
A
stabi-
affect
vehicle
stability
.
lizer
bar
mounted
to
both
control
arms
heles
to
reduce
body
rol¡
whencomering
.
INTEGRATED
SYSTEMS
Antilock
Brake
System
(ABS)
is
standard
on
all
E36
cars
.
The
variable-assist
power
steering
system
consists
of
an
Standard
on
some
models
and
installed
as
optional
equipment
on
engine-driven
hydraulic
pump,
a
rack-and-pinion
type
steer-
others,
is
All
Season
Traction
(AST)
.
ing
gear,
and
connecting
linkage
to
the
road
wheels
.
TheE36
utilizes
an
engine-speed
dependent
variable
effort
steering
Antilock
Brake
System
(ABS)
system
.
At
low
speeds,
maximum
power
assist
is
provided
to
ease
parking
and
city
driving
.
Athigh
speeds,
assist
is
re-
The
electronically-controlled
ABS
maintains
vehícle
stabili
duced
to
ensure
stability
.
ty
and
control
during
emergency
braking
by
preventing
wheel
lock-up
.
ABS
provides
optimum
deceleration
and
stability
dur-
Page 265 of 759
STABILIZER
BAR
Stabilizer
bar,
removing
and
installing
Stabilizer
bar
link
arrangements
differ
slightly
among
mod-
els
.
In
most
models
the
links
attach
lo
the
control
arms
near
the
outboard
end
.
OnM3
models
the
links
attach
lo
the
strut
assemblies
.
1
.
Raise
car
and
remove
both
front
wheels
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supported
on
jack
stands
desígned
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
beneath
a
structural
chassís
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
under
suspension
parts
.
uul
Fig
.
15
.
Disconnect
stabilizer
bar
connecting
link
at
bar
(arrow)
.
(3181
model
shown
.
M3
stabilizer
link
attaches
lo
strut
.)
FRONT
SUSPENSION
310-
9
14
.
Insta¡¡
a
new
grease
cap,
using
Loctite
©
638
sealant
or
3
.
Remove
two
stabilizer
bar
bushing
brackets
on
left
and
equivalent
.
Insta¡¡
wheel
and
lower
car
.
right
sides
.
Remove
bar
.
4
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Use
new
seif-lockíng
Tightening
Torque
núts
on
connecting
links
.
"
Brake
rotor
lo
wheel
hub
..........
16
Nm
(12
ft-Ib)
"
On
M3
models
:
When
attaching
stabilizer
link
lostrut
"
Collar
nut
lo
stubaxle
.
.........
290
Nm
(214
ft-Ib)
orlobar,
usea
thin
wrench
lo
hold
flats
on
link
parallel
"
Brake
caliper
losteering
arm
......
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
lo
strut
.
"
Road
wheel
lo
hub
...
...
.
.
.
100±10
Nm
(74t7
ft-Ib)
NOTE-
Installation
of
the
stabilizer
bar
is
easiest
with
thecar
leve¡
(front
wheels
at
the
same
height),
and
as
near
to
normal
ride
height
as
possible
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Stabilizer
bar
bushing
brackets
lo
subframe
crossmember
...
..
.
..
.
22
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
"
Stabilizer
bar
link
bracket
lo
control
arm
................
.
.
.
.
.
42
Nm
(31
ft-1b)
"
Stabilizer
bar
link
lo
stabilizer
bar
(M10)
.............
.
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
"
Stabilizer
bar
link
lostrut
or
bar
(M3)
.
59
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)
SUBFRAME
CROSSMEMBER
The
subframe
crossmember
provides
rigid
mounting'poínts
2
.
Remove
stabilizer
bar
connecting
link
from
stabilizer
for
the
engine,
suspension,
and
steering
components
.
The
baron
left
and
right
sides
.
See
Fig
.
15
.
crossmember
is
not
normally
subject
lo
wear
and
should
ohly
be
replaced
if
structurally
damaged
.
Removing
the
subframe
crossmember
requires
engine
lift-
ing
equipment
lo
support
theweight
of
tfhe
engine
from
above
so
that
the
subframe
can
be
removed
from
below
.
WARNING-
Removal
or
replacement
of
the
subframe
cross-
member
may
affect
suspension
and
steering
geom-
etry,
including
front
wheel
afignment
.
Make
appropriate
matching
marks
during
removal
and
have
the
front
end
aligned
once
repairs
are
com-
plete
.
Subframe
crossmember,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Using
enginesupport
equipment,
raise
engine
until
weight
of
engine
is
supported
.
See
110EngineRe-
moval
and
Installation
.
See
Fig
.
16
.
2
.
Raise
car
andremove
front
wheels
.
WARNING-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supportedon
jack
stands
desígned
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
beneatha
structural
chassís
point
Do
not
place
jack
standsundersuspension
parts
.
SUBFRAME
CROSSMEMBER
Page 266 of 759
310-
1
0
FRONT
SUSPENSION
Fig
.
16
.
Supportequipment
used
to
support
engine
from
aboye
.
SUBFRAME
CROSSMEMBER
Fig
.
17
.
Right
side
crossmember-to
body
mounting
bolts
.
3
.
Working
beneath
car,
remove
left
and
right
nuts
from
10
.
Installation
is
reverse
ofremoval,
noting
the
followíng
:
engine
mounts
.
"
Make
sure
all
bolts,bolt
holes,
and
mating
surfaces
are
clean
to
ensure
proper
tightening
and
alignment
.
Use
4
.
Remove
control
arm
bushing
carrier
from
body
.
Refer
to
new
self-locking
nuts
or
bolts,
where
applicable
.
Fig
.
9
.
"
On
vehicles
produced
up
9-92
only
:
-Remove
paint
from
contact
surfaces
before
ínstall-
5
.
Remove
control
arm
ball
joint
from
crossmember
.
Sep-
ing
crossmember
.
arate
joint
with
a
plastic
hammer
.
Suspend
control
arm
-Install
4
new
toothed
lock
washersbetween
sub-from
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
frame
and
chassis
(install
new
washers
regardless
of
whether
washers
were
originally
fitted)
.
WARNING-
-Replace
all
4
mounting
bolts
.
Do
not
allow
the
control
arm
to
hang
from
the
ball
-Lubrícate
suspension
crossmember
bolts
with
LM48
¡oint
.
This
can
damage
theball¡oint
.
paste
orequivalent
anti-seize
compound
before
ín-
stalling
.
6
.
Unbolt
steering
rack
from
subframe
.
See
320
Steering
"
Lower
engine
onto
enginemounts,
allowing
it
to
settle
and
Wheel
Alignment
.
Suspend
steering
rack
from
fully
before
tightening
engine
mount
bolts
.
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
Using
a
transmission
jackor
"
When
thejob
is
completed
have
front
end
profession-
equivalent,
support
crossmember
from
below
.
ally
aligned
.
7
.
Remove
reinforcing
brace
below
oil
pan,
where
appli-
cable
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Subframe
crossmember
to
body
8
.
Unbolt
crossmemberfrom
body
on
both
sides
.
See
Fig
.
M12-8
.8
bolts
..................
.
77
Nm
(56
ft-Ib)
17
.
M12-10
.9
bolts
.................
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
M12-12
.9
bolts
............
.
...
.
105
Nm
(77
ft-Ib)
9
.
Slowly
Lower
crossmember,
making
sure
all
electrical
"
Steering
gear
to
subframe
crossmember
teads,
suspension
components
and
heat
shields
are
(M10-10
.9
self-locking
bolts)
..
.
.
.
.
.
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
clear
during
removal
.
"
Control
arm
balljoint
to
subframe
crossmember
...
.......
.
85
Nm
(62
ft-Ib)
"
Control
arm
bushing
carrier
to
body
..........
...
.
.....
.
..
..
47
Nm
(34
ft-Ib)
Page 267 of 759
320
Steering
and
Wheel
Alignment
GENERAL
...
.
.
.
...
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
320-1
Outer
tie
rod
end,
replacing
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
320-4
Tie
rod,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
320-5
STEERING
WHEEL
320-1
Steering
wheel,
removing
and
installing
.....
320-1
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
.
.
.
.........
.
.....
.320-5
POWER
STEERING
SYSTEM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
320-2
Front
Toe-in
and
Toe
Difference
Angle
.
.
...
.
320-6
Power
steering
pump,
Rear
Toe-in
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
................
320-6
removing
and
installing
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
320-2
Wheel
Alignment
Specifications
.....
.
......
320-6
Power
steering
system,
bleeding
and
filling
.
.
320-3
STEERING
GEAR
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
320-3
Steering
gear
rack,
removing
and
installing
.
...
.
..
.
..
..
..
.
..
.
320-3
GENERAL
STEERING
WHEEL
This
repair
group
covers
servicing
of
the
mechanical
and
The
BMW
E36
is
equipped
with
an
SRS
airbag
mounted
in
hydraulic
components
of
the
steering
system,
including
wheel
the
steering
wheel
.
Improper
handling
of
the
airbag
could
alignment
information
.
cause
serious
injury
.
The
airbag
is
an
explosivedevice
and
should
be
treated
with
extreme
caution
.
Always
follow
the
air-
The
variable-assist
power
steering
system
consistsof
an
bag
removal
procedure
as
outlined
in
721
Airbag
System
engine-driven
hydraulic
pump,
a
rack-and-pinion
steering
(SRS)
.
gear
assembly
with
an
integral
hydraulic
control
valve,
and
connecting
linkage
to
the
road
wheels
.
WARNING-
"
The
BMW
Supplemental
Restraint
System
(SRS)
At
lowspeeds,
maximum
power
assist
is
provided
to
ease
is
complex
and
special
precautions
must
be
ob-
parking
and
city
driving
.
At
high
speeds,
assist
is
reduced
to
served
when
servicing
.
Serious
injury
may
result
ensure
stability
.
The
power
steering
system
varies
assist
if
system
service
is
attempted
by
persons
unfa-
based
on
engine
speed
.
miliar
with
the
BMW
SRS
and
its
approved
ser-
vice
procedures
.
BMW
specifies
that
all
ING-
inspection
and
service
shouldbe
performed
by
WARN
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
"
Do
not
reuse
self-locking
nuts
.
They
are
de-signed
to
beused
only
once
and
may
failif
re-
"
BMW
Supplemental
Restraint
Systems
(SRS)
used
.
Always
replace
them
with
new
locking
nuts
.
are
equipped
with
a
back-up
power
supply
inside
the
SRS
control
module
.
A
10minute
waiting
"
Do
not
ínstall
bolts
and
nuts
coated
with
under-
shouldbe
observed
after
the
battery
cable
has
coating
wax,
as
correct
tightening
torque
cannot
been
disconnected
.
This
will
allow
the
reserve
be
assured
.
Always
clean
the
threads
with
sol-
power
supply
to
discharge
.
vent
before
installation,
or
install
new
parts
.
"
Do
not
attempt
to
weldor
straighten
any
steering
components
.
Always
replace
damaged
parts
.
NOTE-
For
information
on
steering
column-mounted
switches
and
the
ignition
lock,
see
612
Switches
and
Electrical
Accessories
.
STEERING
AND
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
320-1
Caster
and
Camber
.
.
.
.
.
...........
.
....
320-5
TABLES
a
.
Front
Wheel
Alignment
Specifications
.
...
.......
320-6
b
.
Rear
Wheel
Alignment
Specifications
.
...
.......
320-6
Steering
wheel,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Center
steering
wheel
.
Make
sure
front
wheelsare
pointed
straight
ahead
.
2
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
and
cover
terminal
with
insulating
material
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
STEERING
WHEEL
Page 269 of 759
Fig
.
3
.
Power
steering
pump
and
pulley
mounting
bolts
.
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal,
noting
the
following
:
"
Make
sure
al¡
thread
bores,
bolts,
nuts,
fluid
couplings
and
mating
surfaces
are
clean,
and
that
inside
surface
of
multi-ribbed-belt
is
free
of
grease
and
dirt
.
"
Use
new
sealing
washers
when
reattaching
power
steering
pressure
lines
.
"
Make
sure
hoses
have
adequate
clearance
from
chas-
sis
.
Do
not
over-torque
banjo
bolts
.
"
Fill
and
bleed
power
steering
system
as
described
be-
low
.
Power
steering
system,
bleeding
and
filling
1
.
Wíth
engine
off,
fill
power
steering
fluid
reservoir
with
clean
fluid
.
Fill
levelto
MAX
mark
on
dipstick
.
STEERING
AND
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
320-
3
STEERING
GEAR
A
cutaway
of
the
power-assisted
rack-and-pinion
power
steering
gear
is
shown
in
Fig
.
4
.
The
rack
is
designed
to
be
maintenance
free
.
Pinion
Fig
.
4
.
Cutaway
of
rack-and-pinion
steering
gear
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Hydraulic
hoses
to
power
steering
pump
?he
steering
gear
and
linkage
require
no
maintenance
oth-
M10
banjo
bolt
.........
..
.
...
...
.
12
Nm
(9
ft-Ib)
er
than
alignment
and
a
periodic
inspection
for
worn
compo
M14
banjo
bolt
..............
..
..
35
Nm
(26
ft-Ib)
nents
.
M16
banjo
bolt
..............
...
.
40
Nm
(30
ft-Ib)
"
Power
steering
pump
to
bracket
Steering
gear
rack,
removing
and
installing
(self-locking
nuts)
.............
..
.
22
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
"
Power
steering
pump
bracket
to
engine
1
.
Empty
power
steering
fluid
reservoir
using
clean
sy-
block
or
oil
pan
(self-locking
nuts)
...
22
Nm
(16
ft-lb)
ringe
.
Do
not
reuse
fluid
.
2
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
and
cover
terminal
with
insulating
material
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
2
.
Start
engine
.
Slowly
turn
steering
wheelfrom
lock
to
lock
a
minimum
of
two
times
.
3
.
Carefully
remove
airbag
from
frontof
steering
wheel
.
See
721
Airbag
System
(SRS)
.
Store
airbag
unit
in
a
sale
3
.
Turn
engine
off
and
check
fluid
leve¡,
adding
fluid
if
nec-
place
.
essary
.
4
.
Make
sure
front
wheelsare
pointed
straight
ahead
.
5
.
Remove
outer
tie
rod
ball
joínt
nuts,
thenseparate
outer
tie
rod
ends
from
steering
arms
using
appropriate
press
tools
.
6
.
Disconnect
power
steering
hose
from
fluid
reservoir
.
STEERING
GEAR
Page 271 of 759
Fig
.
8
.
Measuring
tie
rod
end
position
(for
reference
only)
.
3
.
Loosen
outer
tie
rod
end
lock
nut
.
See
Fig
.
9
.
Lock
nut
4
.
Unscrew
tie
rod
end
from
steering
gear
.
0012143
"
Make
sure
all
threaded
parts
are
clean
.
Replace
self-
locking
nuts
and
inner
tie
rod
lockplate
.
"
Install
outer
tie
rod
end
to
new
tie
rod
using
reference
measurement
recorded
earlier
.
Fig
.
9
.
Outer
tie
rod
end
lock
nut
(arrow)
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
.
5
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Make
sure
all
thread-
ed
parts
are
clean
.
Have
thecar
professionally
aligned
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Outer
tie
rod
end
losteering
arm
....
45
Nm
(33
ft-Ib)
"
Outer
tie
rod
end
lock
nut
..
.......
.
35
Nm
(26
ft-Ib)
Tie
rod,
replacing
1
.
Raise
car,
remove
outer
tie
rod
end
ball
jointnut,
and
press
out
outer
tie
rod
end
ball
joint
as
described
above
.
2
.
Make
a
reference
measurement
of
outer
tie
rod
end
to
tie
rod
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
Record
measurement
NOTE-
Accurate
measuring
of
the
tía
rod
end
in
reference
to
the
tie
rod
will
help
to
approximate
wheel
alignment
when
new
parts
are
installed
.
STEERING
AND
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
320-
5
3
.
Loosen
rack
boot
bellows
clamp
and
slide
bellows
back
.
Inspect
boot
for
any
signof
damage
.
Replace
if
necessary
.
4
.
Unlock
inner
tie
rod
end
lockplate
using
pliers
.
5
.
Using
special
tool,
unscrew
inner
tie
rod
end
from
steeringrack
.
See
Fig
.
10
.
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
Caster
and
Camber
Fig
.
10
.
Special
tool
(arrow)
installed
on
inner
tie
rod
end
.
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal,
noting
the
following
:
Tightening
Torques
"
Outer
tie
rod
end
to
steering
arm
..
.
.
45
Nm
(33
ft-Ib)
"
Outer
tie
rod
end
lock
nut
..........
35
Nm
(26
ft-Ib)
"
Inner
tie
rod
to
steering
gear
.......
71
Nm
(52
ft-Ib)
Proper
handling,
stability,
tire
wear,
and
driving
ease
de-
pendupon
the
correct
alignment
of
al¡
four
wheels
.
The
front
axle
is
aligned
in
relation
to
the
rear
axie,
then
the
front
wheels
are
aligned
in
relation
to
one
another
.
This
is
known
as
a
four-
wheel
or
thrust-axis
alignment
.
The
BMW
E36
uses
a
sophisticated
multi-link
suspension
at
the
front
and
rear
of
the
car
.
Proper
alignment
requires
computerized
alignment
equipment
.
Front
and
rear
caster
and
Camber
are
both
fixed
by
the
de-
sign
of
the
car
.
Any
deviations
are
usually
the
result
of
worn
or
damaged
suspension
or
body
parts
.
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT