1996 LAND ROVER DEFENDER instrument panel

ELECTRICAL
3
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Door and bonnet switches
Perimetric protection for the vehicle is provided by
ECU inputs connected to the starter switch, bonnet
switch and door switches.
Ultrasonic sensor
The ultrasonic sensor operates by emitting an air
pressure carrier wave which is subsequently received
by the sensor as it bounces back from objects inside
the vehicle. Once armed, the alarm will sound if wave
is disturbed by a door opening, or if movement is
detected inside the vehicle.
When the volumetric sensor is activated it monitors
movement within the vehicle for 15 seconds before
detecting and responding to intrusions. If the sensor
detects movement it delays arming until a quiet period
has lapsed; if continuous movement is detected, the
alarm will not arm volumetrically.
NOTE: Interior protection will not operate
until 15 seconds after alarm is set.
The ultrasonic sensor is positioned in a different
location, according to vehicle type, as follows:
·90/110 Station Wagon - RH cantrail trim
·90/110 Pick-up - On headlining, between interior
lamp and rear view mirror
·130 Crewcab - On headlining above RH door
Alarm sounder
Two types of alarm sounder can be fitted, one with a
battery back-up facility and or without battery back-up,
both providing an audible warning whenever the alarm
is triggered. The vehicle horn will also operate if the
alarm sounds.
The alarm sounder is fitted to LH inner front wing in
the engine compartment.
NOTE: Disconnecting the battery on
vehicles fitted with the battery backed-up
facility will result in the alarm sounding, if
correct procedure has not been followed.Engine immobilisation warning light
The engine immobilisation warning light is located on
the instrument panel, and provides a visual indication
that the engine is immobilised.
Anti-theft alarm indicator light
The anti-theft alarm indicator light is located on the
instrument panel, between the fuel and coolant
temperature indicators, and provides a visual
indication of the alarm/ immobiliser status.

86ELECTRICAL
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DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION REV: 05/99 ALARM SYSTEM COMPONENT LOCATION
COMPONENT LOCATION
1. Electronic control unit (ECU) Under dash, LH and RH drive
2. Anti-theft alarm indicator light Instrument panel
3. Engine immobilisation warning light Instrument panel
4. Immobilisation spider* Inside vehicle battery box
5. Passive coil Over starter switch barrel
6. Bonnet switch Engine compartment, LH and RH drive
7. Door switches
8. Ultrasonic sensor Varies according to vehicle type
9. Handset and key
10. Alarm sounder (without battery back-up) LH inner front wing
11. Alarm sounder (with battery back-up) LH inner front wing
* Replaced in some markets by a digital diesel shut-off valve (DDS), secured directly to fuel shut-off solenoid on
injection pump.

ELECTRICAL
5
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION REV: 05/99 ALARM SYSTEM OPERATION
Arming alarm
To arm the alarm, aim handset at vehicle and press
the RH button (Padlock symbol). Provided all doors
and or apertures are closed, the direction indicator
lamps will flash three times to confirm that the alarm is
armed. All security features previously described will
be active.
Once armed, the alarm will sound if a door or the
bonnet is opened, or if movement is detected inside
the vehicle.
Disarming alarm
Within range of the vehicle, briefly press the LH
(Plain) button on the handset; the direction indicator
lamps will flash once to indicate that the alarm has
been disarmed and the engine re-mobilised.
NOTE: In some territories, the interior
lamps will illuminate when the alarm is
disarmed.
If the direction indicators fail to flash when the
alarm is armed:
This indicates that a door or the bonnet is not fully
closed, in which case the alarm will be partially armed
and engine immobilised, but interior protection will not
be active.
Once the open door or bonnet is closed, the direction
indicators will flash three times and the alarm will fully
arm as described previously.
If the alarm sounds:
The vehicle horn and alarm sounder will operate
continuously for 30 seconds when the alarm is
triggered. The horn and alarm sounder can be
triggered up to three times.
To silence the alarm, press either handset button. If
the handset is inoperative, the alarm can only be
disarmed by entering the emergency key access
code, seeEngine immobilisation override.Anti-theft alarm indicator light
A RED indicator light on the instrument panel
indicates the status of the alarm system. When the
alarm is armed successfully, the light flashes rapidly.
After 10 seconds, the light adjusts to a slower
frequency and continues flashing as an anti-theft
deterrent.
If the light fails to illuminate during the rapid flash
phase, this indicates a 'mislock' (door or the bonnet
not fully closed or key in starter switch). If this occurs,
the indicator light will still flash at slower frequency as
an anti-theft deterrent.
The indicator light will illuminate continuously under
the following conditions:
1.Alarm system armed and immobilised with
ignition 'on' or driver's door open.
2.Engine immobilised with ignition 'on' or driver's
door open.
Interior protection
Interior protection is activated automatically when the
alarm system is armed; twin sensors inside the
vehicle monitor interior space and will activate the
alarm if an intrusion is detected.
However, if passengers or animals are to be left inside
the vehicle, or if a window or sunroof is to be left
open, the alarm must be armed with the interior
protection DISABLED as follows:
To disable interior protection:
1.Open the driver's door.
2.Use the handset to arm the alarm in normal way.
3.Close the driver's door (the direction indicator
lamps will flash three times and the anti-theft
indicator light commences flashing rapidly). The
alarm system is now armed with the interior
protection disabled.
NOTE: Interior protection will not operate
until 15 seconds after the alarm is set.

ELECTRICAL
3
REPAIR ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT (ECU)
Service repair no - 86.55.85
Remove
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaining clip and remove battery
access cover.
3.Slacken battery negative lead clamp bolt.
4.Turn starter switch 'on'.
5.Turn starter switch 'off' and remove key.
6.Disconnect battery negative lead.
NOTE: Operation 6 needs to be carried out
within 15 seconds to avoid activating
battery backed-up alarm sounder, if fitted.
7.Remove steering wheel
See STEERING,
Repair, Steering wheel.
8.Remove 4 screws securing instrument panel to
fascia cowl
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
9.Pull instrument panel away from fascia cowl and
disconnect speedometer cable, multi-plugs,
alarm LED plug lead, heated rear screen lead,
gearbox oil temperature lead and immobiliser
warning light leads.
10.Remove instrument panel.
11.Remove 2 screws securing ECU to fascia cowl
(LH drive shown). On RH drive vehicles ECU is
positioned lower down, on vertical face of fascia
panel.
12.Release ECU from fascia cowl and disconnect
both multi-plugs.
13.Remove ECU.
NOTE: A new ECU must be initialised
using TestBook.
Refit
14.Position ECU at fascia cowl and reconnect both
multi-plugs.
15.Locate ECU on mounting face of fascia cowl and
secure with 2 screws.
16.Position instrument panel to fascia cowl and
reconnect immobiliser warning light leads,
gearbox oil temperature lead, heated rear screen
lead, alarm LED plug lead, multi-plugs and
speedometer cable.
17.Secure instrument panel to fascia cowl with 4
screws
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
18.Fit steering wheelSee STEERING, Repair,
Steering wheel.
19.Reconnect battery negative lead.
20.Fit battery access cover.
21.Fit LH seat cushion.

ELECTRICAL
5
REPAIR PASSIVE COIL
Service repair no - 86.77.35
Remove
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaining clip and remove battery
access cover.
3.Slacken battery negative lead clamp bolt.
4.Turn starter switch 'on'.
5.Turn starter switch 'off' and remove key.
6.Disconnect battery negative lead.
NOTE: Operation 6 needs to be carried out
within 15 seconds to avoid activating
battery backed-up alarm sounder, if fitted.
7.Remove steering wheel
See STEERING,
Repair, Steering wheel.
8.Remove 4 screws securing instrument panel to
fascia cowl
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
9.Pull instrument panel away from fascia and
disconnect speedometer cable, multi-plugs,
alarm LED plug lead, heated rear screen lead,
gearbox oil temperature lead and immobiliser
warning light leads.
10.Remove instrument panel.
11.Remove 7 screws securing upper and lower
halves of nacelle to steering column mounting
bracket
See STEERING, Repair, Steering
column nacelle.
12.Release multi-switch gaiters from both sides of
nacelle.
13.Remove nacelle upper and lower halves from
steering column; collect blanking grommet from
RH side.
14.Disconnect multi-plug and remove passive coil
from starter switch.
Refit
15.Feed passive coil plug lead into fascia cowl area
and reconnect multi-plug .
16.Fit coil on starter switch.
17.Position nacelle upper and lower halves to
steering column mounting bracket and secure
with 7 screws. Do not fully tighten screws at this
stage
See STEERING, Repair, Steering
column nacelle.
18.Check that passive coil is still fitted correctly on
starter switch.
19.Check fit of nacelle at starter switch and steering
column and fully tighten fixing screws.
20.Fit multi-switch gaiters to both sides of nacelle
and check that blanking grommet is located.
21.Position instrument panel to fascia cowl area
and reconnect immobiliser warning light leads,
gearbox oil temperature lead, heated rear screen
lead, alarm LED plug lead, main harness multi-
plugs and speedometer.
22.Secure instrument panel to fascia cowl with 4
screws
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
23.Fit steering wheelSee STEERING, Repair,
Steering wheel.
24.Reconnect battery negative lead.
25.Fit battery access cover.
26.Fit LH seat cushion.
27.Test immobilisation and alarm system.

ELECTRICAL
9
REPAIR ALARM SOUNDER RELAY
Service repair no - 86.77.09
Remove
1.Remove screw and lift off LH door check strap
cover.
2.Remove 3 screws and lower wiper motor cover
from fascia bulkhead, (on RH drive models first
remove grab handle).
3.Slide relay multi-plug from retaining bracket and
remove relay.
Refit
4.Secure multi-plug to mounting bracket and fit
new relay.
5.Position wiper motor cover and secure with 3
screws.
6.On RH drive models fit grab handle.
7.Fit door check strap and secure with screw.ANTI-THEFT ALARM INDICATOR LIGHT
Service repair no - 86.45.61
Remove
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaing clip and remove battery access
cover.
3.Slacken battery negative lead clamp bolt.
4.Turn starter switch 'on'.
5.Turn starter switch 'off' and remove key.
6.Disconnect battery negative lead.
NOTE: Operation 6 needs to be carried out
within 15 seconds to avoid activating
battery backed-up alarm sounder, if fitted.
NOTE: If an alarm sounder without battery
back-up is fitted, it is not necessary to
disconnect battery.
7.Remove steering wheel
See STEERING,
Repair, Steering wheel.
8.Remove 4 screws securing instrument panel to
fascia cowl.
9.Pull instrument panel away from fascia and
disconnect speedometer cable, if necessary.
10.Disconnect alarm indicator light plug lead.
11.Press in retaining lugs and withdraw indicator
light from fascia panel.

86ELECTRICAL
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REPAIR Refit
12.Fit alarm indicator light into fascia panel and
reconnect plug lead.
13.Reconnect speedometer cable and fit instrument
panel to fascia cowl.
14.Fit steering wheel
See STEERING, Repair,
Steering wheel.
15.Reconnect battery negative lead.
16.Fit battery access cover.
17.Fit LH seat cushion.ALARM SYSTEM FUSE
Service repair no - 86.77.04
Remove
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaining clip and remove battery
access cover.
3.Slacken battery negative lead clamp bolt.
4.Turn starter switch 'on'.
5.Turn starter switch 'off' and remove key.
6.Disconnect battery negative lead.
NOTE: Operation 6 needs to be carried out
within 15 seconds to avoid activating
battery backed-up alarm sounder, if fitted.
NOTE: If an alarm sounder without battery
back-up is fitted, it is not necessary to
disconnect battery.
7.Remove steering wheel
See STEERING,
Repair, Steering wheel.
8.Remove 4 screws securing instrument panel to
fascia cowl
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
9.Pull instrument panel away from fascia and
disconnect speedometer cable, main harness
multi-plugs, alarm LED plug lead, heated rear
screen leads, gearbox oil temperature lead and
immobiliser warning light lead.
10.Remove instrument panel.
11.Remove alarm system 15 amp (blue) fuse from
holder located behind starter switch.

ELECTRICAL
11
REPAIR REV: 05/99 Refit
12.Fit new fuse.
13.Position instrument panel to fascia cowl area
and reconnect immobiliser warning light leads,
gearbox oil temperature lead, heated rear screen
leads, alarm LED plug lead, main harness
multi-plugs and speedometer cable,
14.Secure instrument panel to fascia cowl with 4
screws
See INSTRUMENTS, Repair,
Instrument panel.
15.Fit steering wheelSee STEERING, Repair,
Steering wheel.
16.Reconnect battery negative lead.
17.Fit battery access cover.
18.Fit LH front seat cushion.GENERATOR
Service repair no - 86.10.02
Remove
1.Disconnect battery.
2.Remove drive belt
See Auxiliary drive belt.
3.Unscrew 3 fixings, remove heat shield from rear
of generator, and disconnect electrical leads
from generator.
4.Remove generator bottom fixing bolt.
5.Remove long through bolt from top fixing and lift
generator from engine.
Refit
6.Fit generator to engine mounting bracket and
secure with top and bottom fixing bolts.
7.Connect electrical leads.
8.Fit heat shield.
9.Fit drive belt
See Auxiliary drive belt; Refit.
10.Reconnect battery.