1996 BMW M3 wheel
[x] Cancel search: wheelPage 122 of 759
119-
8
LUBRICATION
SYSTEM
17
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Thoroughly
clean
all
old
gasket
material
from
mating
surtaces
anduse
a
new
gasket
.
"
Applya
small
amount
of
non-hardening
sealer
(3-Bond
1209
0
or
equivalent)
to
oil
pan
gasket
directly
below
joints
for
and
cover
and
front
timing
case
cover
.
See
Fig
.
12
.
"
Tighten
oil
pan
bolts
starting
at
front
first,
working
to-
wardback
(transmission)
end
.
"
Fill
engine
with
oil
as
described
in
020
Maintenance
Program
.
"
After
addingengine
oil,
start
and
run
engine
.
Raiseen-
gine
speed
to
2,500
rpm
until
oíl
pressure
warning
lampgoes
out
(about
5seconds)
.
OIL
PUMP
applied
(arrows)
.
Apply
a
bead
3
mm
wideby
2
mm
high
.
WARNING
-
"
Always
use
new
bolts
when
mounting
the
sub-
frame
to
the
body
.
The
one-time
only
bolts
should
be
replaced
any
timethey
are
removed
.
"
Special
installation
instructions
apply
when
in-
stalling
the
front
suspension
crossmember
to
the
body
.
See
310
Front
Suspension
for
fastener
specifications
and
tightening
torques
.
Fig
.
12
.
Joint-mating
areas
at
oil
pan
gasket
where
sealer
should
be
Center
the
steering
spindle
to
the
steering
rack
before
in-
stalling
the
steering
column
shaft
.
See
320
Steering
and
Wheel
Alignment
for
more
specific
procedures
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Control
arm
bushing
carrier
to
body
(M10
bolt)
...............
47
Nm
(35
ft-Ib)
"
Engine
mount
to
suspension
crossmember(M10
nut)
..
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
"
Oil
pan
to
engine
block
(M6
bolt)
8
.8
grade
...........
.......
....
10
Nm
(89
in-lb)
10
.9
grade
...........
..
...
...
.
12
Nm
(106
in-lb)
"
Stabilizer
bar
link
to
control
arm
(M10
nut)
.......
....
42
Nm
(31
Ib-ft)
"
Steering
column
universal
joint
to
steering
rack
spindle
(M8
bolt)
....
19
Nm
(14
ft-Ib)
"
Suspensíon
crossmember
to
body
...
...
.
...
..
.
.
See
310
Front
Suspension
OIL
PUMP
Oil
pump,
removing
and
installing
(4-cylinder
engine)
Oil
pressure
on
M42
and
M44
engines
is
generatedbya
gear-type
pump
mounted
to
the
rear
of
the
front
engine
cover
(timing
chaincase)
.
The
pump
is
gear-driven
off
the
front
of
the
crankshaft
.
NOTE-
Oil
pump
removal
requires
lowering
of
the
front
sus-
pension
and
removal
of
the
oil
pan,
as
well
asremoval
of
the
timing
chain
assembly
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
battery
cable
from
battery
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
paga
vÍii
.
2
.
Drain
engine
oil
as
described
in
020
Maintenance
Pro-
gram
.
3
.
Withengine
cold,
drain
coolant
.
See
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
4
.
Remove
top
cover
from
oil
filter
housing
to
allow
engine
oil
to
drain
into
oil
pan
.
Remove
oil
pan
as
described
earlier
.
Reinstall
oil
filter
cover
.
5
.
Remove
alternator
.
Unbolt
power
steering
pump
from
bracket,
then
remove
alternator
mountíng
bracket
.
See
121
Battery,
Starter,
Alternator
.
6
.
Remove
crankshaft
vibration
damper
andhub
.
Then
re-
move
upper
and
lower
timing
chain
covers,
complete
timingchain,
chain
sprockets
and
chain
guides
.
See
117
Camshaft
Tíming
Chain
.
Page 129 of 759
CAUTION
-
The
wiring
to
termina¡
15
(+)
of
the
coil(vía
the
ig-
nition
switch)
is
not
fuse
protected
.
Use
care
when
testíng
thiscircuit
.
4
.
Turn
ignition
off
.
5
.
Use
a
multimeter
to
test
coil
primary
resistanceat
coil
terminals
.
See
Table
d
.
Table
d
.
Ignition
Coil
Resistance
(6-cylinder
Engine)
Terminals
Resistance
(referto
Fig
.
4
.)
Coil
primary
1
1
(-)
and
15
(+)
X
0
.4-0
.8
ohms
Coil
secondary
l
N
.A
.
N
.A
.
6
.
Remove
coil
and
inspect
coil
housing
for
hairline
cracks
or
leaking
casting
material
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
A
leaky
ignition
coil
may
indícate
a
faulty
engine
control
module
(ECM)
.
Check
ECM
before
installing
a
new
coil
.
811004
Fig
.
7
.
Ignition
coil
being
removed
on
6-cylinder
engine
(M52
engine
shown)
.
CA
UTION-
"
Note
location
of
coil
ground
straps
before
coilre-
moval
;
reinstallin
the
same
location
.
"
When
replacing
ignition
coils,
ensure
that
the
re-
placement
coil(s)
are
from
the
same
manufactur-
er
containing
the
same
partlcode
numbers
.
If
individual
coils
with
the
correct
specifications
are
not
available,
all
coils
should
be
replaced
.
IGNITION
SYSTEM
120-
5
Crankshaft
Position/rpm
Sensor
If
the
engine
control
module
(ECM)
does
not
receive
a
crankshaft
position
signal
during
cranking,
the
engine
will
not
start
.
On
1992-1995(pre-OBD
II)
cars,
the
crankshaft
posi-
tion/rpm
sensor
is
mounted
on
the
front
engine
cover
and
reads
the
toothed
vibration
dampener
wheel
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
Fig
.
8
.
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor
mounted
at
front
of
engine
on
1992-1995
cars
.
(arrow)
.
On
1996
and
latee
cars
(OBD
II
compliant),
the
crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor
is
mounted
in
the
left
rear
side
of
the
cyl-
inderblock
.
The
sensor
reads
a
toothed
wheel
mounted
to
the
end
of
the
crankshaft
.
See
Fig
.
9
.
Fig
.
9
.
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor
toothed
wheel
mounted
to
rear
of
crankshaft
OBD
II
compliant
cars
.
The
sensor
is
mounted
in
the
left
rear
side
of
the
cylinder
block
.
IGNITION
SYSTEM
SERVICE
Page 130 of 759
120-
6
IGNITION
SYSTEM
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor,
testing
and
replacing
(front
mounted)
1
.
Disconnect
sensor
harness
connector
.
2
.
Using
a
digital
multimeter,
check
resistance
between
terminals
1
and
2
in
connector
.
See
Fig
.
10
.
n1
n2n3
Fig
.
10
.
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensorconnector
.
Crankshaft
positionlrpm
sensor
specifications
"
Coil
resistance
(approx
.)
terminais
1
and
2
....
.
..
...
....
1280
±
10%
ohms
"
Air
gap
(sensor
distance
from
toothed
wheel)
..
.
.
........
.1
.0
±
0
.3
mm
(0
.04
±
0
.01
in
.)
3
.
If
the
resistance
is
not
correct,
the
sensor
is
faulty
and
should
be
replaced
.
NOTE
-
When
installing
the
new
sensor,
be
sure
thewiring
Is
rerouted
in
the
same
orientation
.
Secure
the
sensor
us-
ing
new
wire
ties
.
Tightening
Torque
"
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor
to
mounting
bracket
.........
.
.
5
t
1
Nm
(62
t
9
in-lb)
Crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor,
4
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Use
a
new
O-ring
replacing
(rear
mounted)
when
installing
sensor
.
Be
sure
wiring
is
rerouted
in
same
orientation
.
1
.
Disconnect
sensor
harness
connector
.
6502AGN56
2
.
Locatesensor
on
rear
left
sideof
cylinder
block
.
Re-
move
sensormounting
bolt
and
remove
sensorfrom
cylinder
block
.
IGNITION
SYSTEM
SERVICE
3
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Use
a
new
O-ring
when
installing
sensor
.
Be
sure
wiring
is
rerouted
in
same
orientation
.
Secure
sensor
using
new
wire
ties
.
NOTE-
It
may
be
easier
to
remove
the
sensor
working
from
the
underside
of
the
vehicle
.
Camshaft
Position
(CMP)
Sensor
The
camshaft
position
(CMP)
sensor
is
usedby
the
engine
management
system
for
sequential
fuel
injection
and
knock
control
.
Camshaft
position
(CMP)
sensor,
replacing
(4-cylinder
engine)
1
.
Remove
CMP
sensorfromtop
timing
cover,
just
above
coolantthermostat
housing
.
See
Fig
.
11
.
Fig
.
11
.
Camshaft
position
sensor
mounting
bolt
(arrow)
.
M42
engine
shown
.
2
.
On
M42
engines
to
9/93
:
Disconnect
CMP
harness
plug
just
above
oil
filter
housing
.
3
.
On
M42
from9/93
and
all
M44
engines
:
Remove
upper
intake
manifold
as
described
in
113
Cylinder
Head
Re-
moval
and
Installation
.
Then
unplug
CMP
sensor
har-
ness
connector
below
manifold
.
Page 144 of 759
121-
8
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
1f
the
solenoid
audibly
cliicks
but
the
motor
does
not
turn,
Starter,
removing
and
installing
switch
on
the
lights
andtum
the
key
to
the
start
position
.
lf
the
(6-cylinder
engine
with
lights
go
out
while
attempting
to
start,
the
battery
cable
may
be
manual
transmission)
loose
or
the
starter
may
have
a
short
circuit
.
If
the
lights
stay
on,the
solenoid
is
most
likely
atfault
.
The
starter
on
a
6-cylinder
car
with
manual
transmission
is
Starter,
removing
and
installing
(4-cylinder
engine)
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
battery
cable
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
2
.
Remove
guide
tube
for
oil
dipstick
.
3
.
Raise
vehicle
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
the
car
ís
stable
and
wefl
supported
at
all
times
.
Use
a
professional
automotive
lift
or
jack
stands
designed
forthe
purpose
.
A
floor
jack
is
not
adequate
support
.
4
.
Disconnect
wiring
from
starter
.
5
.
Remove
top
and
bottom
starter
bolts
.
Bottom
bolt
must
be
removed
from
below
car
.
Remove
starter
support
bracket,
if
applicable
.
removed
from
below
.
2
.
Raise
vehicle
.
3
.
Remove
reinforcing
cross
bracefromunder
transmís-
sion,
if
applicable
.
4
.
Remove
cover
from
fuel
filter
and
fuel
lines
on
left
side
underneath
car,
if
applicable
.
Detach
fuel
lines
and
har-
ness
connectors
from
retainingbrackets,
as
necessary
5
.
Disconnect
wiring
from
starter
.
6
.
Loosen
andremove
bolts
and
nuts
fastening
starter
to
transmission
bell
housing
and/or
engine
block
.
Remove
starter
supportbracket
.
7
.
Remove
starter
from
below
.
8
.
Check
starter
pinion
gear
and
flywheel
teeth
for
dam-
age
.
9
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
6
.
Pull
starter
downward
and
turn
until
solenoid
is
at
top,
Tightening
Torques
then
remove
from
car
.
"
Re¡
nforcing
cross
brace
to
chassis
(M10)
..
...............
42
Nm
(31
ft-Ib)
7
.
>Check
starter
pinion
gear
and
flywheel
teeth
for
dam-
"
Starter
to
engine
block
(M10
bolt)
...
50
Nm
(37
ft-Ib)
age
.
"
Support
bracket
to
starter
(M5
nut)
...
5
Nm
(44
in-lb)
"
Support
bracket
8
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
to
engine
block
(M10
bolt)
.........
47
Nm
(35
ft-Ib)
"
Wire
to
terminal
50
(M6
nut)
.........
6
Nm
(53
ín-Ib)
"
Wire
to
terminal
30
(M8
nut)
.........
12
Nm
(9
ft-lb)
Tightening
Torques
"
Starter
to
engine
block
(M10
bolt)
...
50
Nm
(37
ft-lb)
Wire
to
terminal
50
(M6
nut)
........
6
Nm
(53
in-lb)
"
Wire
toterminal
30
(M8
nut)
...
,
..:.
12
Nm
(9
ft-Ib)
STARTER
SERVICE
Page 146 of 759
121-1
O
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
9
.
Remove
starter
from
above
.
10
.
Check
starter
pinion
gear
and
flywheel
teeth
for
dam-
age
.
11
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Tightening
Torques
"
tntakemanifold
to
cylinder
head
M7
nut
...
.
................
...
.
15
Nm
(11
ft-Ib)
M8
nut/bolt
.............
.
.
..
...
22
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
"
Starter
to
engine
block
(M10
bolt)
...
50
Nm
(37
ft-Ib)
"
Support
bracket
to
starter
(M5
nut)
...
5
Nm
(44
in-lb)
"
Support
bracket
to
engine
block
(M10
bolt)
.
.
..
..
...
47
Nm
(35
ft-Ib)
"
Wire
toterminal
50
(M6
nut)
.
..
.....
6
Nm
(53
in-lb)
"
Wire
toterminal
30
(M8
nut)
...
.....
12
Nm
(9
ft-Ib)
Solenoid
switch,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Remove
starter
as
described
above
.
Tightening
Torque
2
.
Remove
cover
from
solenoid
switch
.
"
Field
winding
strap
to
starter
(M8)
...
.
12
Nm
(9
ft-Ib)
3
.
Disconnect
fieid
winding
strap
between
starter
motor
and
solenoid
switch
.
NOTE-
The
condition
of
the
field
winding
strap
is
critical
.
If
it
is
damaged,
bumed
or
partially
melted
through,
a
new
or
rebuilt
starter
motor
is
needed
.
4
.
Remove
solenoidswitch
mounting
screws,
and
sepa-
,
rate
solenoid
from
starter
.
See
Fig
.
12
.
CAUTION-
When
installing
fieid
winding
strap
to
starter,
posi-
tion
it
so
that
it
does
not
contact
the
starter
body
.
STARTER
SERVICE
131~184
Fig
.
12
.
Starter
solenoid
mounting
screws
(arrows)
are
tight
.
Use
en
impact
screwdriver
to
loosen
the
screws
.
5
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Lubricate
solenoid
pistos
with
light
grease
.
Page 188 of 759
160-
4
FUEL
TANK
AND
FUEL
PUMP
Fig
.
4
.
Pinch
off
supply
and
retum
fuel
hoses
(arrows)
before
dis-
connecting
from
rigid
metal
lines
.
0013143
Fig
.
5
.
After
removing
exhaustsystem,
remove
heat
shield
screws
(arrows)
and
heat
shield
.
9
.
Working
underneath
car,
loosen
hose
clamp
and
dis-
connect
filler
hose
.
10
.
Support
tank
from
below
.
Remove
tank
strap
mounting
bolts
.
Lower
and
remove
tank,
disconnecting
right
side
TheE36
model
uses
a
two-lobed
fuel
tank
and
each
lobeof
vent
and
other
hoses/electrical
connectors
as
neces-
the
tank
has
its
own
fuel
level
sending
unit
.
sary
.
11
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Always
use
new
seals,
gaskets,
O-rings,
and
hose
clamps
.
"
Inspect
hoses
and
replace
any
that
are
chafed,
dried
outor
cracked
.
"
Inspect
heat
shield
and
replace
if
corroded
.
"
Inspect
rubber
buffers
and
liners
on
fuel
tank,
support
straps
and
on
underside
of
body
.
Replace
rubber
parts
that
are
hardened
or
damaged
.
FUEL
LEVEL
SENDERS
CAUTION-
"
Before
starting
the
engine,
fill
the
fuel
tank
with
at
least
1.5
gallons
(5
liters)
of
fuel
to
prevent
damaging
a
dry
fuel
pump
.
"
If
the
filler
neck
has
been
removed
from
the
body,
be
sure
toreattach
theneck's
grounding
screw
(where
applicable)
.
Check
electrical
resistance
between
the
ground
tab
and
wheel
hub
.
The
re-
sistance
shouldbeno
higher
than
0
.6
ohms
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Fuel
tank
to
body
.............
...
23
Nm
(17
ft-Ib)
"
Hose
clamps
(10
mm-16
mm
día
.)
..
2
.0
Nm
(18
in-lb)
Fuel
Tank
Evaporative
Control
System
The
fuel
tank
evaporative
control
system
is
used
to
vent
the
fuel
tank
to
a
charcoal
canister,
which
is
then
purgedby
en-
gine
vacuum
during
normal
engine
operatíon
.
This
controls
emission
of
raw
hydrocarbons
(fuel)
to
the
atmosphere
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
A
fuel
expansion
tank,
located
under
the
right
rear
fender,
traps
overflow
fuel
and
incorporates
extra
fuel
tank
plumbing
.
Startingwith
1996
models,
OBD
II
standards
require
that
the
fuel
tank
evaporative
control
system
be
monitored
for
leaks
.
This
is
accomplished
usingthe
fuel
tankpressuresen-
sor,
the
ventshut
off
valve,
and
the
evaporative
purge
valve
.
NOTE-
On
most
early
cars(1992-1995),
the
charcoal
canister
is
in
the
engine
compartment
.
On
latercars,
the
char-
coal
canister
is
under
the
spare
tire
in
the
luggage
com-
partment
.
FUEL
LEVEL
SENDERS
The
right
side
fuel
leve¡
sender
is
integrated
with
the
fuel
pump
.
Each
senderhas
a
float
connected
to
a
variable
resis-
tance
for
fuel
leve¡
.
When
replacing
the
sender/pump
assem-
bly
always
replace
hose
clamps,gaskets
and
O-rings
.
WARNING
-
When
removing
the
fuel
level
sender
or
the
fuel
pump,
the
fuel
tank
should
be
emptied
.
Page 196 of 759
170-2
RADIATOR
AND
COOLING
SYSTEM
Cooling
Fans
TROUBLESHOOTING
Belt-driven
coolingfan
.
The
primary
cooling
fan
is
belt-
driven
.
It
is
mounted
to
the
frontof
the
coolant
pump
through
a
fan
clutch
.
The
fan
clutch
is
a
viscous
fluid
coupling
that
con-
trols
the
speed
of
thefan
based
on
engine
compartment
tem-
perature
.
Electric
cooling
fan
.
Models
with
M44
engine
and
stan-
dard
transmission
substitute
an
electric
fan
for
the
belt-driven
viscous
fan
.
This
is
attached
to
the
rear
of
the
radiator
and
controlledvia
the
DME
5
.2
engine
management
system
.
NOTE-
The
electric
cooling
fan
in
these
models
is
activated
by
the
engine
control
module
(ECM)
.
Auxiliary
coolingfan
.
In
al¡
models
a
two-speed
electric
auxiliary
cooling
fan
is
mounted
behind
the
front
grill
and
in
front
of
the
radiator
.
This
fan
is
primarily
used
for
the
A/C
sys-
tem,
but
also
operates
when
the
coolant
temperature
ex-
ceeds
a
predetermined
leve¡
.
Warnings
and
Cautions
The
following
warnings
and
Cautions
should
beobserved
when
working
on
the
cooling
system
.
WARNING
-
"
Atnormal
operating
temperature
the
cooling
sys-
tem
is
pressurized
.
Allow
the
system
to
cool
as
long
as
possible
before
opening-a
minimum
of
an
hour-then
release
the
cap
slowly
to
allow
sale
release
of
pressure
.
"
Releasing
the
cooling
system
pressure
lowers
the
coolants
boiling
point
and
the
coolant
may
boíl
suddenly
.
Use
heavy
gloves
and
wear
eye
and
laceprotection
to
guard
against
scalding
.
"
Use
extreme
care
when
draining
and
disposing
of
engine
coolant
.
Coolant
is
poisonous
and
lethal
to
humans
and
pets
.
Pets
are
attracted
to
coolant
because
of
its
sweet
smell
and
taste
.
Consult
a
veterinarian
immediately
if
coolant
is
ingested
byan
animal
.
CAUTION-
"
Avoidadding
cold
water
to
the
coolant
while
the
engine
is
hot
or
overheated
.
If
it
is
necessary
to
add
coolant
to
ahot
system,
do
so
only
with
the
engine
running
and
coolant
pump
tuming
.
"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Most
cooling
system
faults
can
be
grouped
into
one
of
three
categories
:
"
Cooling
system
leaks
"
Poor
coolant
circulation
"
Radiator
cooling
fan
faults
When
investigating
the
cause
of
overheating
or
coolant
loss,
begin
with
a
visual
inspection
.
Be
sure
to
check
the
con-
dition
and
tension
of
the
coolant
pump
drive
belt
.
Check
hoses
for
cracks
or
softness
.
Check
clamps
for
looseness
.
Check
the
coolant
leve¡
and
check
for
evidence
of
coolantleaks
from
the
engine
.
Check
that
the
radiator
fins
are
not
blocked
with
dirt
or
de-
bris
.
Clean
the
radiator
using
low-pressure
water
or
com-
pressed
air
.
Blow
outward,
fromthe
engine
side
out
.
Inspect
the
coolant
pump
by
first
removing
the
drive
belt
from
the
pump
.
Firmly
grasp
opposite
sídes
of
the
pulley
and
check
for
play
in
all
directions
.
Spin
the
pulley
and
check
that
the
shaft
runs
smoothly
.
NOTE-
The
coolant
provides
lubrication
for
the
pump
shaft,
soan
occasional
drop
of
coolant
leaking
from
the
pump
is
acceptable
.
If
coolant
drips
steadily
from
the
vent
hole,
the
pump
should
be
replaced
.
The
cooling
system
becomes
pressurized
at
normal
operat-
ing
temperature,
which
raises
the
boiling
point
of
the
coolant
.
Leaks
may
prevent
the
system
from
becoming
pressurized,
allowing
the
coolant
to
boil
at
a
lower
temperature
.
If
visual
ev-
idence
is
inconclusive,
a
cooling
system
pressure
test
can
help
to
pinpointhard-to-find
leaks
.
If
the
cooling
system
is
full
of
coolant
and
holds
pressure,
the
next
most
probable
cause
of
overheating
are
:
"
Faulty
radiator
fan
"
Loose
or
worn
drive
belt
"
Failed
thermostat
or
coolant
pump
"
Clogged/plugged
radiator
or
coolant
passages
.
NOTE
-
"
Some
early
style
coolant
pumps
were
fitted
wíth
fi-
berlplastic
type
impellers
.
Over
time,
this
impeller
can
wear
away
and
result
in
overheating
.
The
plastic
im-
peller
can
also
slip
or
free-wheel
on
the
pump
shaft
.
If
the
engine
overheats
and
no
other
faults
canbe
found,
theold
style
impeller
may
be
the
cause
of
the
problem
.
"
Only
pumps
with
the
updated
metal
impeller
should
be
used
for
replacement
.
Page 198 of 759
170-
4
RADIATOR
AND
COOLING
SYSTEM
A
quick
testat
the
coolant
temperature
gauge
sender
can
The
auxiliary
cooling
fan
comes
on
when
coolant
tempera
determine
if
the
gauge
is
functioning
correctly
.
ture
exceeds
a
predetermined
leve¡
or
whenever
the
air
condi-
tioning
is
on
.
A
dual-range
temperature
switch
for
cooling
fan
lf
the
gauge
needie
remains
at
the
rest
position
with
theen-
control
is
mounted
on
the
right
side
of
the
radiator
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
gine
warm,
remove
the
harness
connector
from
the
sender
and
jumper
the
correct
terminals
in
the
connector
to
simulate
a
high
engine
temperature
.
See
Table
a
.
Turn
the
ignition
on
.
If
the
gauge
needle
moves
upward,
the
sender
is
faulty
.
If
the
gauge
does
not
respond,
the
wiring
to
the
gauge
is
broken
(open
circuit)
or
the
gauge
itselfis
faulty
.
WARNING
-
1996
and
laten
models
are
OBD
11
compliant
.
Dis-
connecting
electrical
connectors
wíth
the
ignition
turned
on
may
set
fault
codes
in
the
ECM
.
It
is
rec-
ommended
that
you
leave
the
diagnosis
of
faults
in
the
coolant
temperature
sensorsystem
to
the
BMW
dealer
service
department
which
has
specialized
OBD
11
scan
tool
equipment
.
If
the
gauge
needle
reads
too
high
when
the
engine
is
cold,
remove
the
harness
connector
from
the
sender
.
Turn
the
igni-
tion
on
.
lf
the
gauge
needle
position
does
not
change,
the
wir-
ing
or
the
gauge
is
shorted
to
ground
.
If
the
gauge
needle
drops,
the
sender
is
faulty
and
should
be
replaced
.
When
re-
placing
a
faulty
coolant
temperature
sender,
the
gasket
ring
on
the
sender
should
also
be
replaced
.
Tightening
Torque
"
Temperature
gauge
sender
to
engine
18
Nm
(13
ft-Ib)
Cooling
fan,
testing
NOTE-
OnM44
engines
with
manual
transmission,
the
primary
electric
cooling
fan
is
mounted
on
the
engine
side
of
the
radiator
and
is
controlled
by
the
engine
control
module
(ECM)
.
Troubleshooting
thiscircuit
should
be
left
to
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
with
the
proper
diagnostic
equipment
An
otherwise
sound
cooling
system
may
still
overheat,
par-
ticularly
with
prolonged
idling,
due
to
a
failure
of
the
coolíng
fan(s)
.
The
belt-driven
cooling
fan
is
controlled
by
a
temperature
dependent
viscous
clutch
.
A
failed
fan
clutch
may
affect
air
flow
through
the
radiator
resulting
in
overheating
orpossibly
overcooling
.
Speed
Low
sp
High
s
With
the
engine
off,
check
thefan
clutch
by
spinning
thefan
.
eed
The
fan
should
spin
on
the
clutch
with
some
resistance
.
peed
Check
for
signs
of
leaking
fluid
from
the
clutch
.
If
thefan
free-
wheels
with
no
resistance,
cannot
be
tu
rned
by
hand,
or
there
are
signs
of
oil
leakage,
the
clutch
should
be
replaced
.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Fig
.
3
.
Radiatorcooling
fan
temperature
switch
(arrow)
.
WARNING
-
"
Use
caution
when
testing
the
electric
cooling
fan(s)
and
coolant
temperature
switch
.
Keep
hands
and
wires
clear
of
thefan
blades
.
The
cool-
ing
fan(s)
can
run
any
time
the
ignition
is
ON
.
"
For
greatest
safety,
coolíng
fan
and
coolant
tem-perature
switch
tests
shouldbe
performed
on
acoldengine
with
the
air
conditioning
off
.
Table
b
.
Auxiliary
Cooling
Fan
Switching
Temperatures
Switching
temperature
196°F(91°C)
210°F(99°C)
0012506
If
a
faulty
thermostat,
trapped
air,
or
a
restriction
in
the
sys-
tem
is
not
allowing
the
coolant
to
circulate
through
the
radia-
tor,
the
temperature
switch
will
not
close
and
the
auxiliary
cooling
fan
will
not
run
.
Before
making
the
tests
described
be-
low,
make
sure
the
thermostat
is
operating
correctly
as
de-
scribed
earlier
.
The
normal
switching
temperatures
for
the
dual
-speed
switch
are
listed
in
Table
b
.