1994 BMW M3 air filter

610-16



ELECTRICAL
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS

Component



Model
Year



Location



Refer
to

MixingSwitch



1992-1994



Center
console

Multi-Function
Clock



1992-1998



Center
console

Multi-information
Display
(MDI)



1992-1998



Center
console

Normal
Speed
Cooling
Fan
Relay



1992-1998



Power
distribution
box



Fig
.
2
.

Neutral
SafetySwitch
(Automatic



1992-1998



Next
to
gear
shift
lever
in
center
console



Fig
.
29
.

Transmission
Range
Switch)

Oil
Pressure
Switch



1992-1998



Left
front
of
engine
below
intake
manifold
at
oil
filter
housing

On-Board
Computer



1992-1998



Center
console

On-BoardComputerHorn
Relay



1992-1998



Behind
glove
compartment



Fig
.
8
.
Fig
.
9
.

On-Board
Computer
Temperature



11992-1998



I
Right
front
of
engine
compartment

Sensor

Outside
Temperature
Sensor



1992-1997



Inright
front
brake
cooling
duct

Outside
Temperature
Sensor



1998



Right
rear
of
engine
compartment
behind
fresh
air
cowl

Oxygen
Sensor
HeaterRelay



1992-1998



Power
distribution
box



Fig
.
2
.

Oxygen
Sensor(s)



1992-1998



On
exhaust
pipe
ahead/behind
catalytic
converter
(M42/M44
engine)

Oxygen
Sensor
(x2)



1992-1995



On
exhaust
pipe
ahead
of
catalytic
converter
(M50/S50US
engine)

Oxygen
Sensors
(x4)



1996-1998



On
exhaust
manifold/exhaust
pípe
behind
catalytic
converter
(M52/S52US
engine)

Parking
Brake
Switch



1
1992-1998



I
On
rear
of
parking
brake
lever

Power
Distribution
Box



11992-1998



I
Rear
left
of
engine
compartment



I



Fig
.
2
.
Fig
.
7
.
Fig
.
10
.

Radio
Microswitch



1992
-
1996



Center
console
behind
radio

Radio
Receíver



1
1997-1998



1
Right
rear
luggage
compartment

Relay
And
Fuse
Box
(Power



1992-1998



I
Left
side
of
engine
compartment



I



Fig
.
2
.

Distribution
Box)



Fig
.
7
.
Fig
.
10
.

Rear
Window
Blower



1994-1998



Behind
rear
seat
(convertible)

Rear
Window
Blower
Microswitch



1994-1994



At
convertible
top
linkage

Rear
Window
Blower
Microswitch



1995-1998



Behind
rear
seat
(convertible)

Rear
Window
BlowerRelay



11994-1998



Behind
glove
compartment



Fig
.
8
.
Fig
.
9
.

Fig
.
2
.

Fig
.
30
.

Fig
.
8
.

Rear
Window
DefoggerRelay

Reversing
(Back-up)
Light
Switch

SplicePanel,
Right
Rollover
Protection
Actuator



11994-1998

COMPONENT
LOCATIONS

Table
a
.
E36
Component
Locations

1992-1998
1992-1998

1992-1998

Power
distribution
box

Right
or
left
side
top
of
transmission

Behind
glove
compartment

Behind
rear
seat
(convertible)

Fig
.
9
.

Continued

630-2



EXTERIOR
LIGHTING

Headlight
assembly,

removing
and
installing

CAUTION-

Followingheadlight
assembly
work
headlight

beam
aim
must
be
adjusted
using
special
equip-
ment
.

1
.
Left
side
:
Remove
air
filter
housing,
air
intake
duct,
and

air
mass
meter
.
See
100
Engine-General
.

2
.
Disconnect
harness
connectors
from
headlight
bulbs
.

3
.
Remove
front
turn
signal
.
See
Front
turn
signal
as-

sembly,
removingand
installing
later
in
this
repair

group
.

4
.
Remove
radiator
cover
.
See
Fig
.
2
.

5
.
Using
a
wrench,
brace
adjusting
nut
at
top
center
of
headlight
.
Remove
three
screws
at
top
of
assembly
.

See
Fig
.
3
.

Fig
.
3
.



Brace
headlightadjustingnut
as
shown
and
remove
top
screws
(arrows)
.

FRONT
LIGHTING

0012568
0012569

6
.
Remove
two
screwson
bottom
of
assembly
.
See
Fig
.

4
.

0012567a

Fig
.
4
.



Headlight
bottom
retaining
screws
(arrows)
.
Screws
mount
in
threaded
expanding
rivets
which
act
as
headlightheight

adjusters
.

7
.
Remove
headlight
assembly
from
front
.

8
.
On
installation,
tighten
lower
screws
first
while
holding

expanding
rivets
with
a
wrench
.
There
should
be
a
2
.5

mm
gap
between
bottom
oflens
and
front
panel
.
Use

adjusting
nut
to
raise
or
lower
headlight
unit
.
See
Fig
.
5
.

0012681

Fig
.
5
.



Measure
gap
A
(2.5
mm)
between
bottom
of
headlight
as-
sembly
and
front
panel
.

9
.
Clearance
between
hood
and
headlight
cover
should
be
1
.5
mm
.
Adjust
by
turning
upper
headlight
adjustinq
nuts,
then
tighten
down
center
screw
.
See
Fig
.
6
.

GENERAL

E36
cars
are
equipped
with
integrated
automatic
heating

and
air
conditioning
systems
.
Many
of
the
procedures
given
in

this
repair
group
require
that
the
A/C
refrigerant
charge
be

evacuated
using
specialized
equipment
.
See
A/C
System
Warningsand
Cautions
later
in
this
repair
group
.

HEATER
AND
CONTROLS

Blower
motor,
removing
and
installing

NOTE-

On
6-cylinder
cars,
the
plastic
top
enginecover
and
fuel
rail
covermustbe
removed
.
The
fuel
injectorhamess
re-
taining
screws
must
be
removed
and
the
harness
set
aside
.
The
engine
control
module
(ECM)
cover
must
be
removed,
the
control
unit
connectors
unplugged
and
the
harness
pulled
out
of
the
way
.
See
130
Fuel
Injection
.

1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
.

2
.
Open
hood
.
Unclip
engine
bulkhead
plenum
grille
at

base
of
windshíeld
and
remove
grille
.
See
Fig
.
1
.

HEATING
AND
AIR
CONDITIONING



640-1

640
Heating
and
Air
Conditioning

GENERAL
.
...
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
640-1



Heater
andA/C
air
distribution
motor,

replacing(rotary-knob)
.
.
...
.
.
.
.......
.
640-10

HEATER
AND
CONTROLS
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.640-1



Rear
Window
Defogger
.
.
.



.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
640-10
Blower
motor,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-1



Rear
Window
Blower
(convertible
models)
.
.640-10

Blowermotor
resistor
pack,
replacing



.
.
.
.
.
.
640-3



AIR
CONDITIONING
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-11
Heater
valve,
replacing
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-3

Heater
box,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-4



A/CSystem
Warnings
and
Cautions
.
.
.
.
.
.
:640-11

Heater
core,
replacing
.....
.
.
:
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-6



A/C
compressor,
replacing
.
.
::.
:
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.640-12

Heater
core
temperature
sensor,
replacing
.
.
640-7



A/C
Compressor
Clutch
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-13

Heater
andA/C
Control
Head
.
.
....
.
.....
.
640-7



A/C
condenser,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-14

Heater
andA/C
control
head,
removing



A/C
receiver/drier,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-15
and
installing
(rotary-knob)
.
.
....
.
......
640-7



A/C
expansion
valve,

Heater
andA/C
control
head,
removing



removing
and
installing
...
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-16
and
installing
(digital-display)
.
.....
.
.....
640-8



A/C
evaporator,
removing
and
installing
.
.
..
640-17

Heater
andA/C
control
module,removing



A/C
evaporator
temperature
sensor,

and
installing
(rotary-knob)
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-8



replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
..............
.
.
.
.
.
..
640-17

Heater
andA/C
control
module,removing



A/C
microfilter,
replacing
......
.
....
.
.
.
..
640-18

and
installing
(digital-display)
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
...
640-8

Sensor
fan
for
interior
temperature,



TABLES

replacing
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-9



a
.
Blower
Motor
Test
Values
.........
...
.
.
......
640-3

Heater
andA/C
AirDistribution
Motors
.
.
.
.
.
.
640-9



b
.
Heater
Core
Temperature
Sensor
Test
Values
...
.640-7

c
.
Evaporative
Temperature
Sensor
Test
Values
...
640-17

d
.
A/C
System
Fluid
Capacities
(total)
..
..........
640-18

0012527

Fig
.
1
.
Detach
grille
retaining
clips
(arrows)
and
pull
grille
upward
and
out
of
rubbergasket
.

CAUTION-

Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautionsgiven
at
the
front
of
this
manual
onpage
viii
.

HEATER
AND
CONTROLS

640-10



HEATING
AND
AIR
CONDITIONING

i

El
Radio

Antenna

Rear



.
,



si,-
Left
side



I
d

1
.
Rear
vents
2
.
Fresh
air
3
.
Face-level
vents
4
.
Recirculation
5
.
Footwell
vents
0013017

Fig
.
28
.
Location
oflate
production
air
distribution
motors
in
heater
box(shown
in
rear,
side
and
top
views)
.

Heater
andA/C
air
distribution
motor,

replacing
(rotary-knob)

1
.
Toaccess
left
side
motors
(dash
vent
mixing
or
recircu-

lation
flap),
remove
lower
dash
panel
and
knee
bolster

on
driver
side
.
See
513
Interior
Trim
.

2
.
To
access
right
side
motor
(fresh
air
flap),
remove
glove

compartment
.
See513
Interior
Trim
.

3
.
Each
motor
can
be
removed
after
its
electrical
wiring

harness
connector
has
been
removed
.
Squeeze
plastic

clip
to
release
motor
.
See
Fig
.
29
.

Fig
.
29
.
A/
C
air
distribution
motor
plastic
retaíning
clip
(arrow)
.
Re-
lease
clip
and
tilt
motor
out
of
housing
.

Rear
Window
Defogger

0011877

The
rear
window
defogger
switch
is
integrated
with
the
heating
andA/C
control
head
.

HEATER
AND
CONTROLS

Fig
.
30
.
Wiring
diagram
of
rear
window
defogger
and
radio
antenna
.

Rear
Window
Blower
(Convertible
Models)

A
blower
fan,
fitted
into
the
rear
seatback,
defogs
therear

window
.
It
will
only
operate
with
the
engine
nunning
and
the

top
raised
.
A
microswitch
behindthe
rear
seats
provides
the

signal
that
thetop
is
raised
.

To
access
the
blower
fan
motor,
it
is
necessary
to
remove

four
screwsfrom
the
center
seat
back
.
Remove
the
wiring
har-

ness
connector
and
motor
mounting
boits,
then
remove
motor

by
pulling
it
down
and
forward
.
See
Fig
.
31
.

ri

Suppressor
filter

1
0013005

Fig
.
31
.
Rear
window
blower
in
center
of
rear
seat
back
(arrow)
.

The
electric
rear
window
defogger
is
integrated
with
the
ra-

dio
antenna
.
See
Fig
.
30
.



y



/f



0013014

640-18



HEATING
AND
AIR
CONDITIONING

A/C
microfilter,
replacing

1
.
Remove
glove
compartment
.
See
513
Interior
Trim
.

2
.
Remove
right
footwell
ventilation
duct
.
See
Fig
.
51
.

0012664

Fig
.
51
.
Unfasten
retaining
rivets
from
right
ventilation
duct
(arrows)
.

3
.
Remove
right
side
control
module
carrier
screws
and
tilt

carrier
down
.
See
Fig
.
52
.

Fig
.
52
.
Control
module
carrier
retaining
screws
(arrows)
.

0012666

4
.
Rotate
A/C
microfilter
housing
release
knob
about45°

counterclockwise
and
remove
filter
housing
cover
.
See
Fig
.
53
.

5
.
Remove
microfilter
while
moving
module
harnesses

out
of
the
way
.

6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.

AIR
CONDITIONING

Fig
.
53
.
A/
C
microfilter
cover
release
knob
(arrow)
on
passenger
side
ofheater
box
.

Table
d
.
A/CSystem
Fluid
Capacities
(total)

Fluid



I
Quantity
R-12
refrigerant



1200g
t
25
g
(2
.65
Ibsa
0
.05lbs
.)

R-134a
refrigerant



1000
g
±
25
g
(2
.20
Ibs
.t
0
.05lbs
.)

PAG
oil
SP-10



1200
ml
f
20
ml(R12
system)
(6
.8
oz
.
±
0
.7
oz
.)

Nippondeso120mi
Refrigerant
oil
(R1
34a
system)



I
Seiko
Seiki
150m1

ELE-48
ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS
TRANSMISSION



r



I
ENGINE



(HALL
CON
TROL



I



CONTROL
I_



(



I
EFFECT
I



(
MODULE



I



(
MODULE



I



(
CAMSHAFT
I
_____y



_
I
11"S)



1



--
j
(DIE)



I



(SENSOR

B'f
28
y_

1
..'r



BY
3ar
BET
26
~
3

8907
2

PASSENGERS



PASSENGERSPASSENGERS
PASSENGERS
SUPPRESSION
DRIVERS
DOOR



DRIVER
I



(DOOR



I



(
SEAT



I



(SEAT



I



I
SEATBACK



I



(
FILTER



I



(
WINDOW



I



(
LOCK



I



(
DOOR
I
(JAMB



I
(CONTROL
I
(HEATER
I
(HEATER
II



I
(MOTOR
I
(HEATER
I
(HANDLE

RIGHT



RIGHT



RIGHT



CD
I---



m
I
-



I_
i



II
REAR



REAR



REAR



CHANGER
(
INTERIOR



I
I



(
WINDOW



ml
I



(
INTERIOR



ml
I



I

1
G313



G302
(4
DOOR)



(1996)

ROLLOVER



CONVERTIBLE
CONVERTIBLECONVERTIBLE



CONVERTIBLE
WINDSCREEN



HIFI



RADIO
I



(
SENSOR



I
---



(
TOP



I



(
TOP



I



(
TOP-END



I
---



(
TOP



I



I
CoWLPANEL



I



(
AMPLIFIER



I



II



I



I



(
ACTUATING



I



I
OONTROL



I



(
POSITION



I



(
POSITION



I



(
LOCK



I



i



I



I
SWITCH



I



-(
MODULE



I



-(
SWITCH



I
,
---(
SWITCH



I
,-(
SWITCH



I



-I



1



-I

IGNITION



F---
CRANKSHAFT



I



(HOT



I



I
UNLOADER



1



'CYL1



IOYL3
COIL



POSITION



FILM



RELAY



IGNITIONIGNITION
I



I



(
AIR



I



(
(1997)



I



(
COIL



I



(
COILCOILSHIELD



_
SENSOR
SHIELD



MASS
METER
S
1
(


I
I


I



I
1


I
___



1
r
(
1996
)



.T



2T



21"

,
.-------
.
.W_-*---___--7-----__-41"
-
----___--0-f---_---7



1



.1



m
SEAT



CHECK



LEFT



ANTI-



RIGHT



DRIVERS
PASSENGERS
I



(
OCCUPANCY



I



(
CONTROL



I



(
REAR



I



(
THEFT



I



(
REAR



I



(
SEATBELT



I



(
SEAT
I



1
DETECTOR



I



(
MODULE



I



(
DOOR



I



(
CONTROL



I



(
DOOR



I



I
SWITCH



I



T
HEATER
1



_I



I



-I



L-1
CONTACT



I



-I
MODULE



I



-I
CONTACT



I



-I



I



_
I
SWITCH

I



PASSENGERS



9



I



'
DRIVERS



4



PASSENGERS



DRIVERS



1



PASSENGERS
1



4



DRIVERS
(
WINDOW



WINDOW



I



(
SIDE



I



(
SIDE



I



(
SEATBELT



I



(
SEA
2



T
I



I
MONITIORING



I



I
MONITIORING



I



(
IMPACT



I



(
IMPACT



I



(
SWITCH



I



(
HEATER
1



(
SWITCH



I-.(
SWITCH



I
V
I
SENSOR



I
v
I
SENSOR
I
5I
I



I
-(
-
(1997)



--
(1997)



--
(1997)



T
--
(1997)



SWITCH
-



Y

Ground
Distribution

1996-97
Except
318ti
(4
of
5)

i
997
__~
1996
m)
ONLYONLY

G123



GI9



GROUND
(318)



(318)



(318)

y



1



1
G203



G202



G202
(1996)

DATA
LINK
CONNECTOR
O

-___-___0_-t--__--_
.,---0__--_---`__
.,-_--_-_-*_--0
.-____-

CYL2



DYLa
I



I
IGNITION



I



I
IGNITION
I



I



m
COIL



l



I



I
COIL

1
'
o~
t
G302
(1996)

1
AIR
I
PUMP

31



3

aIaI¢~
W/HIFI
.
,I
W/STEREOTENSPEAKER6SPEAKER
SYSTEMSYSTEM

ELE-52
ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS

TRANSMISSION



ENGINE



SECONDARY
UNLOADER
HOT
CYL1



CYL3
(
CONTROL



IC
ONTROL



I



(
AIRPUMP



I



(
RELAY



I



(
FILM



I



(
IGNITION



I



(
IGNITION
I



(
MODULE



I



MODULE



I



I
RELAY



I



I



I



I
MIASS



I



(
COIL



I



(
COIL
I



-
J
(EGS)



I



-
j
(DME)



I



_I



I



_I



I



_I



I



_I



I



I
METER
YYY



Y



Y



Y



Y



_Y

HALL
IGNITION



IGNIT
EFFECT

1134414

211311



IGNITION

al

111
1121



CRANKSHAFT
(
COIL



POSITION



I



I
CAMSHAFT
m



DATA



I



(
COIL



I



(
COIL
_
SHIELD



SENSOR



LINK
__
-SHIELD



I
(SENSORCONNECTOR



I



I
1'
2Y



2

IiI
.-4"-4-4----_--f-t
_0-4



w--
.4-----
+
--f_--

CRANKSHAFT
SECONDARY



ENGINE



ENGINE
DATA
I
-,SECONDARY



ICONTROL



I
(
CONTROL



LINK
POSITION/



I



(
RELAY



I



MODULE



I



(
MODULE



CONNECTOR
-5
SHIELD
NSOR



I



_I



I



j
(DME)



I



(
(DME)

'



1B
SI



41
321
34Y



28
UNLOADER



TRANSMISSION
c



HOT
Q
IGNITION



¢



I



(
RE
LAY



I



(CONTROL



I



(FILM



m
(
COIL



I



I



I



(
MODULE



I



(
AIR
SHIELD



I



I



v



I
I


-
Y
I
(EGS)



ml



Y
(
METER

CYL1



CYL3



CYLS



ENGINE



ROLLOVER



CONVERTIBLE



WINDSCREEN
I



(
IGNITION



I



(
IGNITION



I



(
IGNITION



I



(
CONTROL



I



(
SENSOR



I



(
TOP
END



I



I
COWLPANEL
I



I
c01L



I



(
COIL



I



(
COIL



I



(
MODULE



I



I



I



(
POSITION



I



(
LOCK
I



I



I



I



I



I



I



(



(DME)



I



I



I



(



SWITCH



I



I
SW"CH
2T



2
/



2Y



SET



11

y

1



,
i



2
Y

I



I
CYL
IGNITION
m
I
I
IGNITION
m
I
(
IGNITION
I



I
COIL



I



(
colt



I



(
COIL
I



-I



I



~
-I



I



-I

2
2
-,-----+-
----_
f--*-----i



I



I
.
m


m



m



m

a
1
RESISTOR
24D
OHM

1



____
PASSENGER'S



PASSENGER'S
PASSENGER'SPASSENGER'SSUPPRESSION
G125



I



(
DOOR



I



(
SEAT



I



(
SEAT



I



I
SEATBACK



I



(
FILTER
(323,328.M3)



I



(
JAMB



I



(
CONTROL



I



(
HEATER



I



(
HEATER



I



I
-(
SWITCH



I



-(
SWITCH



I



I



I



-I



I



-I
:Y
Y



2Y2Y
HIFI



RADIO



AIR



IGHT



RIGHT



RIGHT



REAR
I



(
AMPLIFIER



I



I



I



(
PUMP



I---



(
REAR



I



(
REAR



m



I



(
REAR



I



(
DEFOGGER
I
I



II



II



I



(IRNTERIOR
m
I
(POWER



I
(INTERIOR



III



_)



I



-I



I



-)



I



-)
LIGHT



L-1
SWITCH



I



_I
LIGHT



I



-I

-
2t
z
lt



¢t
(ATDOOR)

Ground
Distribution

1998Except
318ti
(3
of
4)

G103



G725
(318)



(318)

G103
(323,328
.
M3)

ml
BRNIOR

28

CONVERTIBLE
O
I
---



I
TOP
I



I
ACTUATING



m
I



---
I
SWITCH

I



I
CONVERTIBLE



I



I
CONVERTIBLE
I



I
Top



TOP
CONTROL



I



I
POSITION
I



-
I
MODULE



y



I



I
MICRO-
-
SWITCH

G203
ml
t



i



1
G202



GROUND



G310
(4
DOOR)

ELE-56
ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS

ANTI-



PASSENGER'S
SEAT
THEFT



SEAT
OCCUPANCY
CONTROL



BELT
DETECTOR
MODULE



SWITCH

84320

RIGHT
DRIVER'S



DRIVER'S



REAR



DRIVER'S
SEAT



DRIVER'S



LEFT



RIGHT



CENTRAL



LEFT



RIGHT
DOOR
SEAT-



DRIVER'S
BRAKE



LUMBAR



SEAT



TRUNKTRUNK
LOCKINGLICENSE
LICENSE
TRUNK
JAMB



BACK



FUEL



SEAT



PAD



SUPORT



CONTROL
TELEPHONE



LIGHT



LIGHT



SWITCH
PLATEPLATE
LIGHT
SUPPRESSION
SWITCH
HEATER
PUMP
HEATER
SENSOR
MOTOR/VALVE
SWITCH
TRANSCEIVER
ASSEMBLY
ASSEMBLY
(1995)
LIGHT
LIGHT
SWITCH
FILTER
F
-
1
--,
1
-
7
I
_-
I
F
-
F
-,



1
-
7F
-
F
-
F
-
I
--,
1
--,
1
-
7
I



I



I



~



I



I



I



I



,



I



,



I



~



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



,



I



,



I



I



I



I



I



I



I
L
-I



L
-I



I



I



L
-I



L
-I



L
-I



L
-I



!
_I



L
-I



L
-I

(NOT
USED)

1
G404

1
G103
(1998)

Ground
Distribution

1995-96
318ti
(3
of
3)

Z
G404

CRANKSHAFT
HALL
ENGINE
TRANSMISSION



POSITION



EFFECT



CONTROL



HOTFILM



CYLINDER
1



CYLINDER2



CYLINDER
3



CYLINDER4
ENGINECONTROL



CONTROL



SENSOR



CAMSHAFT



MODULE



AIR
MASS



IGNITION



IGNITION



IGNITION



IGNITION
MODULE(DME)



MODULE(EGS)



-
j
SHIELD



SENSOR
,~



(DME)
METER
COILCOIL
COILCOIL
----
r



I



I
-
I
I
i
I



i
IGNITION
I



I



I
DATA



CRANKSHAFT
I
COIL



LINK



POSITION



I
IIII
I,
SHIELDL



CONNECTOR



SHIELD
SENSOR



I
I



I
III
I
III
I
II
I
__



_Y
_TY



SE
mY
Y
~Y



=Y



<___



_
~-



1"



=(



Y



T



Y



Y

1
G131
(1996)