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Page 132 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
120-8

IGNITION
SYSTEM

1

1
.0
GN

1
.0
Gl
.0
GN
I

Ign
coil

1
.0
GN
.

Tti

%ti

r,

_%ti
_

_
ice_
I

25

52
5524

51

54

56
I

Power
input

power

Page 133 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
^1
.5WT
^1
.5RD
^1
.5YL
^1
.5BL
r

--__

____-

__-_

___-_

-___-_____--__--

-____-___

____-
i
26
g
5022
23

54

5

I

Power
input

power
input
I

Engine
Contro

Page 134 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
120-10

IGNITION
SYSTEM

Ground
(rear
of
engine
compartment,
rear
of
passenger
side
shock
tower)

.!
BK

Camshaft
Position
Sensor

IGNITION
SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS

Batteryvoltage
in
run
or
start
(
via

Page 135 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
RER

Knock
Sensor
Knock
Sensor
(cyl
.1-3)
(cyl
.4-6)

Batteryvoltage

IMIRING
in
run
or
start

COLORCODE
(
via
ignition
switch
termina¡
15)

BK

BLAOK
BR
BROWN
RD
-
RED
YL
-
YELLOW
GN
"

Page 136 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
120-12

IGNITION
SYSTEM

Warning
.
Lethal
voltagepresent

Battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
(via
ignitíon
switch
terminal
15)

I
t

IGNITION
SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS

Battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
(
via

Page 141 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
2
.
Remove
cooling
duct
or
terminal
cover
from
rear
of
al-

2
.
Remove
air
cleaner
upper
section
with
mass
air
flow
ternator
.

sensor
.

3
.
Check
for
battery
voltage
between
ground
and
termin

2
.
Remove
cooling
duct
or
terminal
cover
from
rear
of
al-

2
.
Remove
air
cleaner
upper
section
with
mass
air
flow
ternator
.

sensor
.

3
.
Check
for
battery
voltage
between
ground
and
terminal

3
.
Remove
terminal
cover
from
rear
of
alternator
.
Discon
B+
at
back
of
alternator
.
Then
turn
ignition
on
and

nect
wiring
.
check
for
battery
voltage
between
terminal
D+
and
ground
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
lf
voltage
is
not
present
at
either

4
.
Remove
drive
belt
from
alternator
pulley
.
See
020
point,
check
wiring
for
faults
.

Maintenance
program
.

001
¡987
Fig
.
3
.

Terminal
B+
is
supplied
battery
voltage
directly
from
the
bat-
tery
.
Terminal
D+
is
supplied
battery
voltage
via
the
charge
warning
bulb
when
thekey
is
on
or
the
engine
is
running
.

4
.
lf
no
faults
are
foundup
to
thispoint,test
alternator
out-

put
using
a
load
tester
.

5
.
If
a
load
tester
is
not
available,
a
crude
output
test
can
be
done
by
running
engine
at
about
2000
rpmand
turn-
ing
on
electrical
loads
(fans,
lights
and
rear
window
de-
froster,
wipers)
.
With
al¡
accessories
on,
battery
voltage
should
be
above
12
.0
VDC
.

A
replacement
alternator
should
have
the
same
rating
as
the
original
.
Alternator
manufacturer
and
ampere
rating
are
normally
marked
on
the
alternator
housing
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
battery
cable
.

CAUTION-

Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
vi¡¡
.

BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR

121-
5

6
.
Remove
upper
and
lower
mounting
bolts
and
lift
out
al-
ternator
.
See
Fig
.
4
.

NOTE
-

If
reusing
drive
belt,
mark
direction
of
rotation
on
belt
before
removing
.

5
.
On
M44
engine
with
hydraulic
belt
tensioner
:
Remove
tensioner
idler
pulley
(upper
roller)
from
alternator

bracket
.

Fig
.
4
.

Alternator
mounting
bolts
(arrows)
.

O

u
J
S
v~~

U

I

1
i
n
-12
.22

Alternator,
removing
and
installing

7
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Install
drive
belt
as

(4-cylinder
engine)

described
in
020
Maintenance
Program
.

Tightening
Torques

"
D+
vire
to
alternator
(M6
nut)
.
...
.
.
.
7
Nm
(53
in-lb)

"
B+
wire
to
alternator
(M8
nut)
..
.
.
.
.
.
13
Nm
(10
ft-Ib)

"
Pulley
to
alternator
(M16
nut)
...
..
..
60
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)

ALTERNATOR
SERVICE

Page 147 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
130-2

Intake
air
temperature
(IAT)
sensor,

Principles
of
Operatinn
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
130-2

testing
and
replacing
...
.
...
.
.

GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
130-2

Intake
air
temperature
(IAT)
sensor,

Principles
of
Operatinn
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
130-2

testing
and
replacing
...
.
...
.
.
.
.......
.
130-19

Basic
Engine
Settings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
:
.
130-3

Throttle
position
sensor
(TPS),

DISA
(Dual
Resonance
Intake
System)
.
.
.
.
.
130-3

testing
and
replacing
...
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.130-19

On-Board
Diagnostics
(OBD)

Idle
speed
control
valve,
testing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-20

and
Fault
Diagnosis
.
.
....
.
......
.
.
.
...
130-4

Idle
speed
control
valve,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
130-21

SecondaryAir
Injection
.
.
.....
.
.........
.
130-5

BOSCH
DME
M5
.2
COMPONENT
Warnings
and
Cautions
.
.
...
.
.
.
.........
.
130-6

REPLACEMENT
.....
.
......
.
....
.
.
.
..
130-21

ELECTRICAL
CHECKSAND

Mass
air
flow
sensor,
replacing
.
.
....
.
....
130-22

COMPONENT
TESTING
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
130-7

Engine
coolant
temperature
(ECT)

Main

sensor,
replacing
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-22
rela
y
testing

130
-7
,...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Intake
air
temperature
(IAT)
sensor,
Fuel
pump
relay,
testing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-7

rep
lacin
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.g

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
..
.130-22
Oxygen
sensor,
testing
(Boschsystems
only)
130-8

Throttle
poson
sensor
(TPS)
replacing

13022
,

..
.-

FUEL
DELIVERY
TESTS
...
.
....
.
.
.
...
.
130-9

Idle
speed
control
valve,
replacing
...
.
....
.130-23

Operating
fuel
pump
for
tests
.
.
.......
.
...
130-9

SIEMENS
MS
41
.1
COMPONENT
Relieving
fuel
pressure
and

REPLACEMENT
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
....
.130-23
connecting
fuel
pressure
gauge
......
.
..
130-10

Residual
fuel
pressure,
testing
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
130-10

Mass
air
flow
sensor,
replacing
.
.......
.
.
.130-25

Fuel
pressure
regulator
response

Engine
coolant
temperature
(ECT)

to
engine
load,
testing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-11

sensor,
replacing
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.130-25

Fuel
rail
and
injectors,
checking
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-11

Intake
air
temperature
(IAT)
sensor,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.130-25
Fuel
rail
and
injectors,
replacing

..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-12

Throttleposition
sensor
(TPS),
replacing
.
.
.
130-26
Fuel
PressureRegulator
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-13

Idle
s
eed
control
valve,
re
lacin

130-26
Fuel
pressure
regulatorreplacing

p

p

g
.'''...
.
'
,

(fuel
rail
mount)
...
.
.
.
.
.
.............
130-13

ECM
PIN
ASSIGNMENTS
.............
.
.
130-26
Fuel
pressure
regulator,
replacing

Engine
control
module
(ECM),
accessing
...
130-26
(undercar
mount)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
.
130-14

BOSCH
DME
M1
.7
COMPONENT

TESTS
AND
REPAIRS
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-14

Air
flow
sensor,
testing
and
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-14

Engine
coolant
temperature
(ECT)

sensor,
testing
and
replacing
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-15

Throttle
position
sensor
(TPS),

testing
and
replacing
.
..........
.
.....
130-16

Idle
speed
control
valve,
testing
and
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
............
130-16

BOSCH
DME
M3
.1
AND
M33
.1

COMPONENT
TESTS
AND
REPAIRS
.
.
.
130-17

Mass
Air
Flow
Sensor
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.130-17

Mass
air
flow
sensor
(hotwire),testing
and
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-17

Mass
air
flow
sensor
(hot
film),

testíng
and
replacing
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
130-18
Engine
coolant
temperature
(ECT)

sensor,
testing
and
replacing
..
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
130-18

130
Fuel
i
n
jection

FUEL
INJECTION

130-1

TABLES
a
.
Engine
Management
System
Variants
.........
.130-2
b
.
Mass
Air
Flow
Sensor
Variants
..
.
..
..........
.130-2
c
.
Fuel
Pressure
Specifications
..
.
.
...
..........
130-11
d
.
Engine
Coolant
Temperature
Sensor
or
Intake
Air
Temperature
Sensor
Test
Values
(DME
1
.7)
...
.
130-15
e
.
ThrottlePosition
Sensor
Tests
(DME
1
.7)
......
.130-16
f
.

Engine
Coolant
Temperature
Sensor
or
Intake
Air

Temperature
Sensor
Test
Values
(DME
3
.1/3
.3
.1)130-19
g
.
Throttle
Position
Sensor
Tests
(DME
3
.1/3.3
.1)
.
.130-20
h
.
ECM
Pin
Assignment-Bosch
DME
M1
.7
....
.
..
.130-28
i.

ECM
Pin
Assignment-Bosch
DME
M3
.1
.......
.130-30
j
.

ECM
Pin
Assignment-Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
.....
.130-32
k
.
ECM
Pin
Assignment-Bosch
DME
M5
.2
.......
.
130-34
I.

ECM
Pin
Assignment-Siemens
DME
MS
41
.1
..
.
130-36

Page 148 of 759

BMW 318i 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
130-2

FUEL
INJECTION

GENERAL

This
repair
group
covers
fuel
injection
system
component

testing
and
repair
.
Special
equipment
is
necessary
for
some

of
the
procedures
given
in
this
repair
group

130-2

FUEL
INJECTION

GENERAL

This
repair
group
covers
fuel
injection
system
component

testing
and
repair
.
Special
equipment
is
necessary
for
some

of
the
procedures
given
in
this
repair
group
.
If
you
do
not
have

the
equipment
required
to
do
the
job,
it
is
recommended
that

these
repairs
be
left
to
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
The
BMW

dealer
is
equipped
with
sophisticated
diagnostic
test
equip-

ment
that
is
capable
of
quicklypinpointing
hard-to-find
fuel
in-

jection
problems
.

NOTE-

"
Wiring
diagrams
for
the
engine
management
system,

can
be
found
at
the
rear
of
the
manual
under
Electri-
cal
Wiring
Diagrams
.

"
For
ignition
system
repairinformation,
see120
Igni-

tion
System
.

"
For
fuel
supply
system
testing
and
repair,
see160

The
engine
control
module
(ECM)
uses
electrical
signals

Fuel
Tank
and
Fuel
Pump
.

from
the
mass
air
flow
sensor,
the
air
and
coolant
temperature

sensors,
the
crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor,
the
knock
sen

Principies
Of
Operation

sors
and
the
oxygen
sensorsas
the
primary
inputs
to
electron-

ically
control
fuel
delivery
and
ignition
timing
.

There
are
five
versions
of
engine
management
systems

usedon
the
E36
cars
.
Each
has
the
same
basic
components

and
operating
principles
.
The
most
notable
difference
is
that

1996
and
later
cars
use
a
sophisticated
OBD
II-compliant
sys-

tem
.
See
Table
a
.

Table
a
.
Engine
Management
System
Variants

Engine
code/year

1
System

4-cy1inder
M42
(1
.8
I)
1992-1995

Bosch
DME
Ml
.7
M44
(1
.91)
1996-1998

~
Bosch
DME
M5
.2
(OBD
II)

6-cylinder
M50
1992
(2.5
I)

Bosch
DME
M3
.1
1993-1995
(2.5
I)

Bosch
DME
M3
.3.1
(VANOS)
M52
1996-1998
(3281-
2
.8
I)

Siemens
MS
41
.1
(OBD
II)
1998
(3231
-
2
.5
I)

Siemens
MS
41
.1
(OBD
II)
M-Power
S50US
(M3
-
3
.01)
1995

Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
S52US
(M3
-
3
.21)
1997-1998

Siemens
MS
41
.1
(0131)
11)

NOTE-

-
Descriptions
and
procedures
in
the
first
partof
this
re-

pairgroup
refer
to
all
the
various
engine
management
systems
.

"
Particulars
of
each
fuel
injection
system
are
treated
in
separate
sections
in
the
second
part
of
this
repair
group
.

GENERAL

Fig
.1
.

OBD
II
diagnostic
connector
locatíon
.

The
fuel
injection
system
is
completely
electronic
in
opera-

tion
.
Air
flow
is
measured
electronically
via
a
mass
air
flow

sensor
and
additional
sensors
supply
information
about
en-

gine
operating
conditions
.
The
ECM
calculates
the
amount
of
fuel
needed
for
the
correct
air-fuel
ratio
and
actuates
the
fuel

injectors
accordingly
.
The
amount
offuel
metered
to
theen-

gine
is
determined
by
how
long
the
injectors
are
open
.

Airintake
.
Air
entering
the
engine
passes
through
a
pleat-

ed
paper
air
filter
in
the
air
cleaner
.
Intake
air
volume
or
mass

is
then
measured
bya
mass
air
flow
(MAF)
sensor
.
In
al¡
ex-

cept
the
vane
type
sensor
(DME
M1
.7),
a
reference
current
is

used
to
heat
a
thin
wireor
film
in
the
sensor
when
the
engine

is
running
.
The
current
used
to
heat
the
wire/film
is
electroni-

cally
converted
into
a
voltage
measurement
corresponding
to

the
mass
of
the
intake
air
.

Table
b
.
Mass
Air
Flow
Sensor
Variants

System

Al
r
flow
sensor
type

Bosch
DME
M1
.7

Vane
(volume
sensor)

Bosch
DME
M3
.1

Hot
wire
(mass
sensor)

Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1

Hot
film
(mass
sensor)

Bosch
DME
M5
.2

Hot
film
(mass
sensor)

Siemens
MS
41
.1

Hot
film
(mass
sensor)

"
The
16-pin
OBD
11
diagnostic
connector
is
located
on

NOTE-

the
lower
left
dashpanel
.
See
Fig
.
1
.

On
cars
equipped
wíth
tractioncontrol,
an
additional
throttle
valve
is
controlled
by
an
electronic
throttle
actu-
ator
(motor)
.
This
valve
is
used
for
engine
speed
inter
vention
.
Repair
information
forthis
system
is
notcovered
here
due
to
the
special
electrical
testing
equip-
ment
required
to
service
it
.

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