1992 VOLKSWAGEN CARAVELLE catalytic converter

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DO-IT-YOURSELF
Tow
starting

The
following
points
must
be
noted
when
tow
starting:

•
Before
moving off, engage 2nd or 3rd gear.
• Switch ignition on.
• As soon as engine starts, depress clutch and move gear lever
into
neutral to avoid running
into
the towing vehicle.
• On
vehicles
with
a
catalytic
con­
verter
the
engine
must
not be
started
by
towing
the
vehicle
in ex­
cess of 50 m1. Because
then,
un-

burnt
fuel
can pass
into
the con­

verter
and cause
damage.

• For
technical
reasons tow
start­
ing a
vehicle
with
an
automatic

gearbox
is not possible.
Towing

When
towing
vehicles
with
an
auto­

matic
gearbox,
the following points must be noted in addition to the details on
the previous page:
• Selector lever at "N".
• Do not have the vehicle towed faster than 30 mph (50 km/h).
• To not tow
further
than 30 miles (50 kilo­ meters). If the vehicle has to be towed long distances
it must be
lifted
at the
front.

Reason:
When the engine is not running,
the gearbox oil pump is not working and the
gearbox is not adequately lubricated for high speeds or long distances.
• With a breakdown vehicle the vehicle may only be suspended at the
front.
Reason:
If given a rear suspended tow, the
drive shafts
turn
backwards. The planetary

gears
in the automatic gearbox then
turn
at

such
high speeds
that
the gearbox will be

severely
damaged in a short time.

Does
not apply to 50 kW Diesel engine
with

catalytic converter

133
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TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

Emission
control
system<122>

The exhaust emission control system effec­
tively reduces
the
amount
of
pollutants
in

the exhaust gas.
Petrol
engines

The main parts
of the
emission control
sys­

tem
are

•
a
mixture formation system which guar­ antees very exact composition
of
the air/pe­

trol
mixture
at all
engine speeds
•
the
catalytic converter
•
the
Lambda probe1'
The
catalytic
converter
is
installed
in

the exhaust system.
It
consists
of a
steel-
cased
ceramic
or
metal body containing
a
multitude
of
longitudinal
passages
which
are vapour coated
with
a
thin
layer
of
plati­
num
or
rhodium.
The exhaust gas flows through
the
catalytic converter
and
reacts
with
an
afterburning
process
when
it
contacts
the
precious
metal coating.

Lambda
=
Air/petrol relationship
)B19-
129
In
this process three pollutants (three-way
catalytic converter)
are
converted
as
fol­
lows.

• Carbon monoxide
to
carbon dioxide
• Hydrocarbons
to
water
• Nitrogen oxide
to
nitrogen
(four
fifths
of
the
air we
breathe
is
nitrogen).

A
stipulation
for the
proper functioning
of

the catalytic converter, however,
is
that
the
exhaust gas has
a
certain specific composi­

tion
and
minimum temperature when
it

enters
the
catalytic converter. To obtain this
composition, exact regulation
of the
fuel/air mixture
is
required. Avery exact regulation

is
obtained
with
a
Lambda probe. The Lambda
probe*
is
fitted
in the ex­

haust pipe where
it
measures
the
exhaust

gas
composition continuously. The informa­

tion
signal
is
fed
to
an electronic control
unit

which
in
turn
regulates
the
mixture forma­

tion
system so
that
the
mixture
is
kept
con­

stantly correct.
The exhaust emission control system tech­ nology
is so
well developed
that
no
addi­
tional maintenance whatsoever
is
required.

To
maintain
the
effectiveness
of the
emission
control system,
the
following
must
be
noted:
• Only
fill
up
with
unleaded petrol
- see
page
86.

• Never
run
tank completely empty
-
see page
85.

•
Do not
overfill engine
oil -
see page
98.

•
Do not
switch
off
ignition whilst driving - see page
39.

•
Do not tow
start vehicle
for
more than 50 m-see page 133.
137
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TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

Attention
Due to high temperatures which
can occur in the catalytic
con­

verter in very unfavourable conditions, the vehicle should not be parked so that the catalyt­
ic converter can come into
con­

tact with inflammable materials.
If whilst driving, the engine mis­
fires, loses power and runs uneven­ ly,
this
could be due to a fault in the ignition system. In a
case
like this,
unburnt fuel can enter the exhaust
system and then escape to atmos­
phere.
Furthermore, the catalytic
converter could become damaged
due to overheating. The vehicle
speed must be reduced immediately
and the defect should be eliminated
at the nearest Volkswagen dealer.
Note
Even
in the
case
of a
perfectly working
ex­

haust emission control system there can, under certain engine operating conditions,
be
a
sulphur-type exhaust
smell.

This
depends upon
the
sulphur content
in
the fuel being
used.
Quite often this can
be
remedied
by
select­
ing another brand
of
fuel
or,
filling
up
with

unleaded premium petrol.
50
kW
Diesel
engine

An
oxidation catalytic converter
is
fitted
in

the exhaust system
of
this Diesel engine.
It
consists
of
a steel-cased ceramic body
con­

taining
a
multitude
of
longitudinal
passages

which are vapour coated
with
platinum. The catalytic converter largely eliminates
the
unpleasant smelling hydrocarbons
and

turns carbon monoxide
into
carbon dioxide.
In addition
an
exhaust
gas
turbocharger
forces
air
into
the
cylinder, causing
the
en­
gine
to
operate
with
a high
excess
of
air. The
fuel which is then injected in is so complete­ ly
burnt,
that
under
full
load soot is no longer
visible
in the
exhaust.

As
the
diesel engine catalytic converter
does
not get
hotter than
a
conventional
ex­
haust system, under normal conditions
there
is
nothing special
to be
noted, this

applies
also
to
parking.
The system does
not
require any additional

care
or
maintenance.
Activated
charcoal
filter*

Vehicles
with
a
regulated catalytic
con­

verter,
in
Germany
and
other export countries, have
a
fuel system which
in­

cludes
an activated charcoal
filter
(petrol va­pour accumulator).
The activated charcoal
filter
prevents
the

fuel vapour escaping
into
the
atmosphere.

These
vapours
pass
into
a
container filled

with
activated charcoal and, when
the en­
gine
is
stationary they
are
accumulated
in

the activated charcoal. When
the
engine
is
running,
the
container
is
automatically
ventilated
by
opening
a
valve
and the
fuel
vapour
is fed
into
the
engine
for
combus­
tion.
The system works completely automati­

cally
and
is
maintenance-free.
138
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TECHNICAL DATA

Performance

Maximum
speed flaps,
very
wide
tyres
etc. which affect the

in
km/h performance.
The performance figures were measured
without the vehicle being fitted with any
equipment
such as air conditioner, mud
Caravelle, Kombi,
Multivan,

Delivery van
Pick-up

High
roof Kombi,

High
roof Delivery van
Double
cab

Petrol
engines
with
catalytic
converter

62 kW Manual gearbox 144 128
137 132
81 kW Manual gearbox 158 142
151 146

Automatic
154
138 147 142

Diesel
engines

45 kW Manual gearbox 128 115
122 117
50 kW Manual gearbox 132 119
126 121
57 kW Manual gearbox 137 124
131 126

Automatic
133 120
127 122

Petrol
engines
without
catalytic
converter

62 kW Manual gearbox 144
128 137
132
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TECHNICAL DATA
Fuel
consumption

Passenger
vehicle
models

The consumption figures are determined
according to EC guideline 80/1268 EEC.
Three different conditions are used for the
test:
• The measurements for 90 km/h (56 mph) and • 120 km/h (75 mph) are carried out at

a
constant test
speed.

• For the
urban
measurement normal town
traffic
driving is simulated. Depending on driving style, road and
traffic

conditions, environmental influences and
vehicle condition, the figures obtained in actual practice may differ from those given.

All
figures were measured
with
standard
tyres. On vehicles
with
other tyres the fig­ ures will vary accordingly.
Consumption in litres per 100 km
Caravelle,
Kombi, Multivan
90 km/h 120 km/h Urban 90 km/h High roof Kombi
120 km/h Urban

Petrol
engines
with
catalytic
converter

62 kW Man. gearbox 9.1 13.7
14.4 10.1
15.2 14.9
81 kW Man. gearbox 9.4 13.4 15.9
10.4
14.9 10.4
Automatic
10.5
14.1
15.9
11.5
15.9

11.5

Diesel
engines

45
kW Man. gearbox 6.5
— 9.1
7.3
— 9.4
50 kW Man. gearbox 2)
2) 2)
2)
2!
2)
57 kW Man. gearbox 7.5 10.8 10.7
8.4
12.5
10.4
Automatic 8.6 12.7

11.5
9.6
—
11.5

Petrol
engines
without
catalytic
converter

62 kW Man. gaerbox 9.1
13.7 14.4
10.1 15.2
14.9

Only
applies to vehicles which have a top

speed
in
excess
of 130 km/h (81 mph). 21 The figures were not available at time of going
to
print.

143
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TECHNICAL DATA

Commercial
vehicle
models

These consumption figures were deter-
Tiined
in accordance with DIN 70030 Part 2
(July 1978 Edition) with half payload at a
constant 3/4 of top speed (but not more
than 80 km/h) plus 10 %. Depending on driving style, road and traffic
conditions, environmental influences and
vehicle condition, the figures obtained in
actual practice may differ from those given. All figures were measured with standarc

tyres.
On vehicles with other tyres the
fig­

ures will vary accordingly.
Figures ttr./l 00 km Delivery van
High roof Delivery
van Pick-up
Double cab

Petrol engines with catalytic converter

62 kW Manual gearbox 13.5 13.2
13.5 15.9
81 kW Manual gearbox 15.0 14.8
13.2 15.6
Automatic gearbox 14.7
14.6 15.5 15.6

Diesel engines

45 kW Manual gearbox 7.9 8.2 9.4
8.7
50 kW Manual gearbox ii
D
D
57 kW Manual gearbox 9.4 10.4
10.7 10.7
Automatic gearbox 10.8 11.9
12.3 1.3

Petrol engines without catalytic converter

62 kW Manual gearbox 13.5 13.2
13.5 15.9
31 The figures were not available at time of going to print.
144
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