1987 NISSAN PULSAR jump start terminals

30 Engine Tune-up
(1) With the distributor cap and leads removed
as an assembly, test one lead at a time, connecting the
meter probes at the spark plug end of the lead and at
the corresponding terminal in side the cap. Resistance
should be less than 15 000 ohms.
(2) If the resistance is more than 15 000 ohms
remove the lead from the distributor cap and check
(he resistance in the lead only. The lead should be
renewed if the resistance is still more than 15 000
ohms. (3) High distributor cap resistance may be due
to corrosion deposits on the cap terminals. These
deposits should be removed with a small scraper or
emery cloth. Check the distributor cap for cracks or tracking
between the high tension terminals on both the inside
and outside of the cap. Renew the cap if cracks or
tracking are evident.

Check the carbon brush in the centre of the
distributor cap for evidence of arcing and renew as
necessary.

Check the condition of the rotor and renew if
arced excessively or cracked.

HOW TO CONNECT ELECTRICAL TEST
EQUIPMENT

NOTE: Some types of tachometers, timing
lights and ignition system analysers are not
compatible with this type of electronic igni-
tion system and may result in incorrect
readings. It is therefore recommended that
the manufacturer of the test equipment be
consulted before using the equipment.

Do not allow the tachometer lead connec-
tor to short to earth as damage to the test
equipment or ignition system may result.

Timing Light
(1) Connect the timing light to the engine fol-
lowing the instrument manufacturers instructions.

NOTE: Do not connect or disconnect the
timing light with the engine running as
voltage surges could damage the alternator.
Do not allow the high tension leads to open
circuit as damage to the ignition system
could result.

(2) Where necessary, connect the power leads of
the timing light to an external power source to prevent
possible transient voltages in the timing light damag-
ing the vehicle alternator.

Tachometer
(1) Ensure that the tachometer is compatible
with the vehicle ignition system. (2) Disconnect the resistor from the tachometer

View showing the location of the tachometer pickup
wiring connector with the resistor installed
.
pick up wiring connector which is located on the
ignition coil wiring harness, and connect the positive
lead of an accurate tachometer to the brown wire
terminal in the wiring connector.

(3) Connect the negative lead to a good earthing
point.

TO CHECK AND ADJUST IGNITION TIMING
( 1 ) Connect an accurate tachometer and timing
light to the engine as previously described.


View showing the location of the diagnostic link
connector. Passengers seat removed for clarity.
Inset shows the diagnostic link connector terminal
identification.
(2) Start the engine and allow it to reach normal
operating temperature. (3) Connect a jumper lead between terminals A
and B on the diagnostic link connector. (4) With the engine idling at the specified speed,
check the ignition timing with the timing light.
Correct timing exists when the marks on the
crankshaft pulley are aligned with the pointer on the
inner timing cover.

Roadside Trouble Shooting
(5) Place the vent caps loosely over the cell
apertures.

(6) Connect one end of the red jumper lead to
the positive ( + ) battery terminal of the booster
battery and the other end of the red lead to the
positive (+) battery terminal of the discharged bat-
tery.

NOTE: The battery emits hydrogen gas
which is explosive. Do not expose the battery
to naked /lames or sparks.

Do not lean over the battery when con-
necting the jumper leads.

Do not allow the ends of the jumper leads
to touch one another or any part of the
engine.

(7) Connect one end of the black juniper lead to
the negative (-) battery terminal of the booster
battery and the other end of the black lead to a good
earthing point on the engine of the vehicle with the
discharged battery.

NOTE: Do not connect the jumper lead
directly to the negative (-) battery terminal
of the discharged battery.

(8) Start the engine on the vehicle with the
booster battery and run the engine at a moderate
speed. (9) Start the engine on the vehicle with the
discharged battery.
(10) If possible, leave the engines of both vehi-
cles running for 10 minutes.
(11) Disconnect the jumper leads in the reverse
order of the sequence in which they were connected.
2. TO CHECK IGNITION AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

(1) Switch on the ignition and check for warning
lamp illumination on the dashboard. (2) Operate the starter and check that the starter
rotates the engine at a steady speed.
(3) Switch on the headlamps and check for good
light intensity. Should the lamps not illum inate or the starter
motor not turn the engine, carry out the following
steps:

(a) Remove the battery terminals and clean both
terminals and posts. Connect the terminals and where
applicable tighten firmly but not excessively.
(b) Check that the earth lead from the battery to
the engine or body frame is not broken and that the
connections are clean and secure. . (c) Check that the lead from the battery to the
starter motor or starter solenoid is intact and has a
clean and secure connection.


Ensure that the battery posts and terminals are clean.
(d) Where necessary carry out repairs to (b) and
(c).

Repeat the check procedur e. Should the starter
motor still not operate, or the lamps not illuminate,
one or more of the following faults may be the cause:

No starter motor operation or lamps: Battery flat
or defective.

Lamps illuminate but no starter operation: Starter
motor drive jammed in mesh with flywheel ring gear.
Starter motor or solenoid defective. Ignition/starter
switch faulty. On automatic transaxle models, faulty
neutral safety switch.

Lamps dim and starter operation sluggish: Dis-
charged battery or fault in starter motor. Battery flat
due to broken fan belt or de fective alternator. Faulty
battery due to cell breakdown.

NOTE: Electronic ignition systems can pro-
duce dangerously high voltages in both the
primary and secondary circuits. For this
reason, extreme care must be taken when
performing these checks. When disconnect-


Securely earth the body of a test spark plug to check
for sparks at the spark plug leads.

Roadside Trouble Shooting
ing the wiring from any component, ensure
that the ignition switch is off and the
negative battery terminal is disconnected to
prevent damage to the solid state circuitry.

(4) Open the electrode gap of a serviceable spark
plug to 6 mm. Securely earth the plug using a jumper
lead or by tying the plug to an earthed engine
component.
(5) Disconnect the high tension lead from a
spark plug and connect it to the test spark plug.
(6) Have an assistant operate the starter motor.
(7) Check that a spark, if any, jumps the gap on
the test spark plug. If the spark is satisfactory, proceed to operation

(8).
If there is no spark, proceed as follows:
(a) Check the high tension leads to ensure that
they are dry and that the insulation is not cracked or
perished. Check the ends of the leads for burning. Using an ohmmeter, measure the resistance in

each high tension lead. The resistance should be no
more than 15 000 ohms per lead.
(b) Check the distributor cap to ensure that it is
dry and clean. Examine both the inside and outside of
the cap for cracks or tracki ng, particularly between the
high tension lead segments.

Check that the carbon brush in the centre of the
distributor cap interior fa ce is clean and dry and
ensure that the brush moves freely in and out of its
locating hole.

(c) Check the rotor arm for cracks, deposits and
burning on the metal arm. (d) Ensure that the high tension leads have dry.
clean and secure connections on the distributor cap. (8) If the above checks r esult in a good spark at
the spark plug high tension leads but the engine is still
not operating satisfac torily, remove all the spark plugs
and check the condition and electrode gap as de-
scribed in the Engine Tune-up section under the
appropriate heading.

3. TO CHECK FUEL SYSTEM
Due to the complex nature of the EFI system, it is
recommended that should the following checks prove
satisfactory but the engine fail to start, reference be
made to the Fuel and Engine Management section of
this manual or a Nissan workshop be consulted.

(1) Check that the fuel tank contains a reason-
able amount of fuel. (2) Have an assistant switch the ignition on and
off while squeezing the fuel supply hose with the
fingers. If the fuel pump is operating it should be
possible to feel the fuel pr essure increase for approx-
imately two seconds.
NOTE: When conducting the above test it
should be possible to hear the fuel pump and
ignition relays clicking when the ignition is
switched on and off

If the fuel pump relay fails, power will be
supplied to the fuel pump via the oil pressure


Check the distributor cap for cracks or tracking between the terminals. Squeeze the fuel supply hose while the ignition is
switched On. An increase in pressure should be felt.

Check the spark plug high tension leads for cracks and
burnt or corroded terminals.

74 Cooling and Heating Systems
NOTE: Refer to the Fuel and Engine Man-
agement section for the correct procedure for
backprobing the control unit.

(3) In operation (1) if the cooling fan is station-
ary proceed as follows:

(a) Connect a jumper lead between the terminals
A and B of the diagnostic link connector. (b) if the fan runs, the fan circuit is satisfactory.
If the engine is overheating check the coolant temper-
ature sensor as described in the Fuel and Engine
Management section under the appropriate codes. (c) If the fan does not run, check the fuse (6) and
the fusible link (4) show n on the illustration.
(d) Backprobe terminal C1 at the electronic
control unit using an LED t est lamp connected to the
positive battery terminal. If no circuit exists, renew
the electronic control unit. (e) If the fuse and fusible links are serviceable,
ensure that power is available at the white and pink
wires from the fuse and fusible link of the cooling fan
relay. Repair any faults in the wiring to that point if
necessary. (f) Switch the ignition Off. disconnect the
cooling fan wiring connector at the radiator and
connect power to the fan. Renew the fan if it does not
run.

(4) On air conditioned models, remove the
jumper lead from the ALDL connector if still in-
stalled, start the engine and allow it to idle. Switch the
air conditioning on and ensu re that the cooling fan
runs.

If the cooling fan is opera ting as described above
but cooling system problems still exist, refer to the
Trouble Shooting heading at the start of this section.

TO REMOVE AND INSTAL COOLING FAN
(1) Disconnect the negative battery terminal.
(2) Disconnect the cooling fa n and, if applicable,
the air conditioning fan wiring connectors at the
upper edge of the radiator. (3) On models with air conditioning, remove the
compressor hose bracket bolt from the centre of the
radiator support panel.

Dismantled view of the fans and the shroud assembly. Air conditioned model.

Fuel and Engine Management 91
components, erase the self diagnosis memory as
described under the following heading.

(7) Repeat the self diagnosis test procedure and
ensure that code 12 is displayed.

To Erase Memory
(1) With the ignition Off, remove the fusible link
that is positioned third from the front of the fusible
link connecting block located at the rear of the
battery. (2) Install the fusible link after 10 seconds.

View showing the location of the fusible links.
TO CHECK AND ADJUST IGNITION TIMING
(1) Connect a timing light to the engine as
previously described under the Service Precautions
and Procedures heading.
(2) Start the engine and allow it to reach normal
operating temperature. (3) Connect a jumper lead between terminals A
and B on the diagnostic link connector. (4) With the engine idling at the specified speed,
check the ignition timing with the timing light.
The timing mark on the crankshaft pulley should
be aligned with the pointer on the inner liming belt
cover.

(5) If necessary, loosen the distributor body
retaining nuts and turn the distributor until the timing
marks are aligned. (6) Tighten the distributor body retaining nuts
and check that the timing is correct. (7) Remove the jumper lead from the diagnostic
link connector and disconnect the timing light from
the engine.
TO ADJUST BASE IDLE SPEED

NOTE: The idle speed is controlled by the
idle air control (IAC) valve and is not

adjustable. The throttle stop screw controls
the base idle speed a nd is factory set. The
following base idle speed adjustment should
only be performed if the throttle body has
been renewed, or if comprehensive testing of
related components indicates that adjust-
ment is required.

(1) Before adjusting the base idle speed perform
the following tests;

(a) Check the spark plug gaps, the high tension
leads and the ignition timin g as described previously
in the Engine Tune-up section.
(b) Check the air inlet syst em for leaks between
the throttle body and inlet manifold and the inlet
manifold and cylinder head.
NOTE; Any vacuum leaks will make the
engine idle faster than it should.

(c) Check that all wiring connectors and vacuum
hoses are securely connected. (d) Ensure that the transaxle is in Park or
Neutral. (e) Ensure that the air cleaner element is service-
able.

(2) On 1.6 liter engines, remove the air cleaner
assembly, disconnect the vacuum hose from the
throttle body and seal the vacuum hose fitting.
(3) Ensure that the throttle valve moves freely
and returns to the fully closed position when slowly
released. (4) Connect an accurate tachometer to the en-
gine as previously descri bed under the Service Pre-
cautions and Procedures heading.
(5) Start the engine and allow the engine to
warm up and the idle rpm to stabilize. Check that all
electrical accessories and the air conditioning, if
equipped, are turned off. (6) With the engine idling in Park or Neutral,
slowly disconnect the brake servo unit vacuum supply
hose from the inlet manifold. Allow the engine to run
for one minute.
Location of the base idle adjusting screw. 1.8 liter
engine.

92 Fuel and Engine Management

Installed view of the throttle body assembly showing
the location of the base idle adjusting screw. 1.6 liter
engine.
(7) Disconnect the IAC valve wiring connector
and slowly connect the vacuum supply hose to the
inlet manifold. Allow five seconds to elapse and note
the engine speed.
(8) If the engine speed is not to Specifications,
remove the plug from the throttle body housing on 1.6
liter engines, or the cap from the base idle adjusting
screw on 1.8 liter engines, and adjust the idle screw
until the engine speed is 625 rpm. (9) Stop the engine and connect the IAC valve
wiring connector. (10) On 1.8 liter engines, install a new cap to
the
base idle adjusting screw.
On 1.6 liter engines, seal the throttle stop screw
with silicone sealant and install the air cleaner assem-
bly.

(11) Erase the memory codes as previously de-
scribed.
(12) Start the engine and increase the speed to
3 000 rpm for 10 seconds to allow the idle air control
valve to reset.
5. FUEL SUPPLY COMPONENTS

Special Equipment Required:
To Check Fuel Pressure — 0-500 kPa pressure
gauge

NOTE: Before proceeding with any of the
operations in this section, refer to the Ser-
vice Precautions and Procedures heading.

TO DEPRESSURISE FUEL SYSTEM
(1) Lift the front edge of the rear seat cushion on
each side, slide the cushion forward and remove it
from the vehicle. (2) Disconnect the fuel pump wiring harness
connector.
When depressurizing the fuel system, remove the rear
seat cushion and disconnect the fuel pump wiring
connector.
(3) Start and run the engine until it stalls.
Operate the starter motor for 10 seconds to ensure
that the pressure has dissipated.
(4) Connect the fuel pump wiring connector and
install the rear seat cushion.
NOTE: Failure to depressurize the fuel sys-
tem when instructed may result in a fuel
spray and possible fire.

TO TEST FOR EXTERNAL LEAKS
(1) Connect a jumper lead between terminals G
and H on the diagnostic link connector.
(2) Switch the ignition On.
(3) Check for leaks at all hose connections and
joints between the fuel pump and the engine. (4) Switch the ignition Off and remove the
jumper lead from the diagnostic link connector.
(5) If renewal of a component is necessary,
depressurize the fuel system as previously described. (6) Use only hoses and clamps as specified by
the manufacturer.
TO CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

(1) Depressurize the fuel system as previously
described. (2) On 1.6 liter engines, remove the air cleaner
as described in this section under the Air Cleaner
Assembly heading. (3) On 1.8 liter engines, release the hose clamp
securing the fuel supply hos e to the fuel rail and
disconnect the hose. On 1.6 liter engines, release the hose clamp
securing the fuel supply hose to the rear throttle body
hose fitting and disconnect the hose.

(4) Using a suitable gauge, tee piece, short piece
of fuel hose and clamps, install the pressure
gauge
between the fuel supply ho se and the fuel rail on 1.8

Fuel and Engine Management 93
liter engines, or the throttle body hose fitting on 1.6
liter engines.

(5) Tighten all connectors securely. Check for
external leaks as previously described. (6) Start the engine and note the pressure while
the engine is idling.
(7) Switch the engine Off and check that the
residual pressure does not decrease.
If the fuel pressure is within Specifications and
does not decrease, the fuel system is in a serviceable
condition. Depressurize the fuel system and discon-
nect the pressure gauge.

If the fuel pressure is a bove Specifications proceed
to operation (9).

If the fuel pressure is below Specifications proceed
to the following operation.

If the fuel pressure decreases, an internal leak is
indicated. Proceed to the following heading and carry
out the test procedure.


Testing the fuel system pressure using a pressure
gauge. 1.8 liter engine.
NOTE: There may be a small initial de-
crease in pressure when the engine is
switched Off This is acceptable and does not
indicate a fault in the system.

(8) If the fuel pressure is below Specifications
proceed as follows:

(a) Check the fuel lines for blockages and kinks
or a blocked fuel filter or fuel pump pickup strainer. (b) If no fault can be found in the previous
checks, on 1.8 liter engines clamp the fuel return hose
at the fuel rail. On 1.6 liter engines, clamp the hose that is
connected to the front throttle body hose fitting.

(c) Connect a jumper lead between terminals G
and H on the diagnostic link connector and switch the
ignition On.

NOTE: Do not operate the fuel pump for
longer than is necessary to obtain a pressure
reading.

If the fuel pressure is less than 270 kPa on 1.8 liter
engines or 90 kPa on 1.6 liter engines, renew the fuel
pump.

If the fuel pressure is more than previously
specified, renew the pressure regulator assembly on
1.8 liter engines or the pressure regulator diaphragm
on 1.6 liter engines.

(9) If the fuel pressure in operation (6) is above
Specifications, proceed as follows:

(a) On 1.8 liter engines, disconnect the fuel
return hose from the pressure regulator outlet.

On 1.6 liter engines, disc onnect the fuel return
hose from the front throttle body hose fitting.

(b) Connect a suitable length of fuel hose to the
pressure regulator or the front throttle body hose
filling and place the opposite end of the hose into a
petroleum resistant container. (c) Connect a jumper lead between terminals G
and H on the diagnostic link connector and switch the
ignition On. If the fuel pressure is 230-270 kPa on 1.8 liter
engines or 62-90 kPa on 1.6 liter engines, locate and
remove the restriction in the fuel return hose or pipe.

If the fuel pressure is more than previously
specified, renew the pressure regulator assembly on
1.8 liter engines or the pressure regulator diaphragm
on 1.6 liter engines.

TO TEST FOR INTERNAL FUEL LEAKAGE
Check the residual fuel pressure as previously
described.

If the pressure has decreased it is an indication of
an internal leak. With the pressure gauge still at-
tached, proceed as follows:

(1) Switch the ignition On to pressurize the fuel
system.
(2) As the pressure begins to decrease clamp the
fuel supply hose shut. If the pressure remains steady
the fuel pump may be consid ered faulty and should be
renewed as described later in this section. (3) If the pressure continues to decrease switch
the ignition On after it has been Off at least 10
seconds. As the pressure begi ns to decrease clamp the
fuel return hose shut. If the pressure remain steady on 1.8 liter engines,
renew the pressure regulator. If the pressure continues
to decrease, leaking inject ors are indicated. Remove
the injectors as described later in this section to locate
the leaking injectors.

If the pressure remains stea dy on 1.6 liter engines,
renew the pressure regulator diaphragm as described
later in this section. If the pressure continues to
decrease remove the injector and renew the O ring
seals as described later in this section. If this fails to
rectify the fault remove the injector and clean or
renew the injector as necessary.

\(V2 Fuel and Engine Management


View of the IAC valve removed from the engine. Dimension A must not exceed 28 mm.
(3) Lubricate the IAC valve O ring with engine
oil and install the IAC valve. Tighten the retaining
screws securely.

(4). Install the IAC valve wiring connector and
the negative battery terminal.

(5) On 1.6 liter engines, install the air cleaner
assembly as previously described. (6) Run the engine until normal operating tem-
perature and idle speed are attained.
NOTE: Several minutes may elapse before
the normal idle speed is attained.

(7) Hold the throttle open at approximately
3 000 rpm for 10 seconds to reset the IAC valve.

MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP)
SENSOR

To Test - Codes 33 and 34
NOTE: The following test procedure
assumes that fault codes 33 or 34 have
been
displayed during the self diagnosis test
pro-
cedure. If no codes have been displayed
but
the operation of the MAP sensor is suspect,
begin the test procedure at operation (15).
(1) Erase the self diagnosis code memory as
previously described.
(2) Start and run the engine at idle speed for 60
seconds or until the ECM warning lamp lights.
(3) Stop the engine, switch the ignition On and
connect a jumper lead between terminals A and B on
the diagnostic link connector. Note any fault codes
displayed. If code 34 is displayed, remove the jumper lead
from the diagnostic link connector, erase the self
diagnosis codes and proceed to operation (7).

If code 33 is displayed, remove the jumper lead
from the diagnostic link connector, erase the self
diagnosis code memory and proceed to operation (4).

If no codes are displayed, but codes 33 or 34
were
displayed when the self diagnosis test procedure was
originally performed, an intermittent fault is indi-
cated. Proceed as follows:

(a) Check for faulty wiring connections. Check
that all wiring connectors are clean and secure. (b) Check that all earth wires are secure.
(c) Check the vacuum hose to the MAP sensor
for deterioration or restriction.
(4) Disconnect the wiring connector from the
MAP sensor. (5) Start and run the engine at idle speed for 60
seconds or until the ECM warning lamp lights. (6) Stop the engine, switch the ignition On and
connect a jumper lead between terminals A and B on
the diagnostic link connector. Note any fault codes
displayed.
If code 33 is displayed, measure the voltage at
the
MAP sensor wiring connector terminal B with a
voltmeter to earth. Renew the control unit if the
voltage is less than 1 volt.

If the voltage is more than 1 volt, check the
wiring
harness for a short to voltage between terminal B and
the control unit wiring connector terminal Cll.
Repair or renew the wiring harness as necessary.

If code 34 is displayed, proceed as follows:
(a) Check for a restricted or leaking MAP sensor
vacuum hose.
(b) Check the wiring harness for continuity and
shorts between terminals A on the MAP sensor
connector and terminal A11 on the control unit wiring
connector. Repair or renew the wiring harness as
necessary.
If no faults are indicated in the above two checks,
proceed to operation (15).

(7) Disconnect the wiring connector from the
MAP sensor and connect a jumper lead between
terminals B and C on the wiring connector. (8) Start and run the engine at idle speed for 60
seconds or until the ECM warning lamp lights. (9) Stop the engine, switch the ignition On and
connect a jumper lead between terminals A and B on
the diagnostic link connector. Note any fault codes
displayed.
If code 33 is displayed, proceed to operation (15).
If code 34 is displayed, proceed as follows.

Location of the MAP sensor. Inset shows the terminal
identification.