
Front
Axle
Front
Suspension
INSPECTION
AND
ADJUSTIVIENT
INSPECTION
Inspect
in
accordance
with
periodic
maintenance
schedule
Block
rear
wheels
with
chocks
2
Jack
up
the
front
of
car
and
support
it
with
safety
stands
Refer
to
Section
GI
for
lifting
points
and
towing
3
Shaking
each
fiont
wheel
by
grasping
the
upper
and
lower
surfaces
of
the
tires
check
suspension
parts
for
looseness
wear
or
damage
Tighten
aU
loose
bolts
and
nuts
to
the
specified
torque
Replace
all
worn
parts
as
described
under
Front
Suspension
4
Check
wheel
bearings
If
there
is
any
axial
end
play
adjust
bearings
to
specifications
Replace
worn
or
damaged
bearings
as
described
under
Front
Axle
S
Check
strut
for
oil
leakage
or
damage
ADJUSTMENT
WHEEL
BEARING
Block
rear
wheels
with
chocks
2
Jack
up
the
front
of
car
and
support
it
with
safety
stands
3
Remove
brake
pads
Refer
to
Section
BR
for
pad
replacement
4
Remove
hub
cap
cotter
pin
ad
justing
cap
and
wheel
bearing
nut
S
Sparingly
apply
recommended
multi
purpose
grease
to
threaded
por
tion
of
spindle
and
contact
surface
between
wheel
bearing
washer
and
outer
wheel
bearing
6
Tighten
wheel
bearing
nut
using
a
suitable
torque
wrench
P
Tightening
torque
Wheel
bearing
nut
3
0
to
3
5
kll
m
22
to
25
ft
Ibl
Fig
FA
Tighlening
Wheel
Bearing
Nul
7
Turn
wheel
hub
several
times
in
both
directions
to
seat
wheel
bearing
correctly
again
tighten
wheel
bearing
nut
to
the
above
torque
8
Turn
back
wheel
bearing
nut
A
degrees
Return
engle
AU
900
Install
adjusting
cap
and
align
any
of
its
slots
with
hole
in
spindle
If
the
above
procedure
fails
to
align
hole
and
slot
together
then
tighten
lock
nut
as
much
as
I
S
degrees
until
hole
in
spindle
is
aligned
with
eny
slot
CAUTION
00
not
overtighten
wheel
bearing
nuts
as
this
can
cause
wheel
bearing
seizure
9
Turn
hub
in
both
directions
two
or
three
times
measuring
its
turning
torque
and
axial
play
to
ee
if
they
are
within
the
specified
range
If
they
are
not
adjust
Axial
play
Omm
Din
Wheel
bealing
starting
torque
With
new
gleaS8
l8al
A
measured
et
wheel
bearing
nut
less
than
7
kg
cm
G
1
in
Ibl
FA
2
AJ
measuled
et
wheel
hub
bolt
Less
then
1
2
kg
12
G
Ibl
With
u
ed
gr
seal
AJ
measured
at
wheel
bealing
nut
1
0
to
4
5
kg
cm
0
9
to
3
9
in
b
AJ
measuled
at
wheel
hub
bolt
0
17
to
0
79
kg
0
37
to
1
741bl
FA413
Fig
FA
2
Metr
uring
Bearing
Starting
Torq
ue
Repeat
above
procedures
until
cor
rect
starting
torque
is
obtained
Note
a
Correctly
meas
e
rotation
slar
ting
force
toward
tangential
direction
against
hub
bolt
b
Above
figures
do
not
include
dragging
resistance
with
pads
re
moved
on
disc
brake
models
c
Any
slightest
wheel
bearing
axial
play
cannot
be
tolerated
10
Insert
new
cotter
pin
with
the
legs
through
hese
two
parts
spread
legs
away
from
each
other
against
sides
of
wheel
bearing
nut

If
leakage
oCcurs
at
end
around
joints
re
tighten
Of
if
necessary
re
place
faulty
parts
INSTALLATION
Pay
particular
attention
to
follow
ing
instructions
when
installing
brake
lines
I
Leave
a
sulfident
space
between
brake
lines
and
adjacent
parts
so
that
brake
lines
are
completely
free
from
vibration
during
driving
2
Be
careful
not
to
warp
or
twist
brake
lines
3
When
installing
brake
tube
keep
a
certain
distance
between
tube
and
adjacent
parts
as
follows
Tube
to
rotating
parts
30
mm
1
18
in
Tube
to
moving
parts
10
mm
10
39
in
Tube
to
other
palls
5
mm
10
20
in
4
Always
fasten
brake
tubes
with
mounting
clips
where
necessary
On
rear
axle
case
are
two
double
dips
which
should
be
used
to
secure
brake
tubes
in
manner
described
be
low
Bend
short
clip
straight
up
With
brake
tube
on
long
clip
bend
clip
up
and
around
tube
Finally
wrap
short
clip
around
tube
to
secure
the
in
slallation
f
J
i
2
BA141
Fig
BR
7
Fastening
Brake
Tube
Securely
with
Double
Clip
5
Do
not
tighten
brake
line
mount
ing
flare
nut
excessively
CAUTION
When
installing
Fla
e
Nut
6694310000
brake
tubes
use
Torque
Wrench
Brake
System
t
D
Tightening
torque
Brake
tube
flare
nut
1
5
to
1
8
kg
m
11
to
13
ft
lb
Brake
hose
connector
1
7
to
2
0
kg
m
112
to
14
ft
lb
J
way
connector
bolt
0
8
to
1
1
kltm
5
8
to
8
0
ft
Ib
NP
VALVE
Front
wheel
cylinder
Front
wheel
cylinder
Master
cylinder
front
jde
6
Upon
completion
of
installation
of
brake
lines
bleed
air
out
of
brake
lines
Rear
wheel
cylinder
BR114A
Master
cylinder
rear
side
Fig
BR
B
NP
Valve
FRONT
DISC
BRAKE
9
ilJ
I
Bias
s
pring
2
Yoke
3
Bleeder
4
Piston
seal
5
Piston
B
11
Piston
A
12
Cylinder
body
13
Pad
spring
14
Pad
15
Pin
6
Boot
7
Retaining
ring
8
Clip
9
Yoke
spring
10
Bias
ring
BR123A
Fig
BR
9
Di
c
Broke
PAD
REPLACEMENT
Note
Check
to
ensure
that
pad
springs
rebound
easily
3
Detach
pads
from
caliper
assem
bly
with
pliers
Removal
I
Jack
up
front
of
car
and
support
it
on
safety
stands
Remove
wheel
2
Remove
clips
and
pull
out
pins
extracting
coil
spring
and
pad
springs
by
hand
CAUTION
After
removing
pads
do
not
depress
brake
pedal
or
piston
will
jump
out
BR

INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS
Typical
Glrllng
B
ake
Pad
SYIlem
Girling
disc
brakes
are
very
similar
to
ATE
disc
brakes
except
that
the
piston
seal
does
not
pul
the
piston
and
brake
pads
away
from
the
rotor
In
the
Girling
System
with
the
pistons
i
the
relaxeilposition
the
pad
just
touches
the
rotor
Ped
Removal
1
Raise
the
car
alid
removiHire
and
wheel
2
Girling
disc
brake
pads
ere
held
in
piece
either
by
a
retainer
plates
or
b
retainer
pins
Retainer
plates
are
boiled
to
the
caliper
housing
and
need
only
to
be
loosened
and
roteted
out
of
the
way
Some
models
use
anti
raWe
springs
which
must
be
replaced
whenever
new
pads
ere
installed
The
retainer
pins
are
held
in
place
by
hairpin
type
spring
clips
There
are
two
types
of
breke
pads
used
with
the
retainer
pins
One
is
cut
away
for
the
pin
end
the
other
is
drilled
These
padS
ere
definitely
not
interchengeable
3
Remove
the
reteiner
4
Lift
padS
up
and
out
of
the
celiper
Pad
Installation
1
Attach
a
piece
of
hose
to
the
bleeder
screw
and
place
the
hose
into
a
container
2
Open
bleeder
screw
one
turn
and
with
even
pressure
push
the
pistons
down
to
the
bottom
of
the
caliper
bores
3
Tighten
the
bleeder
screw
and
remove
the
piece
o
hose
This
procedure
makes
room
for
the
added
thickness
of
the
new
linings
4
Reposition
the
pad
retainer
and
the
anti
rattle
spring
i
used
and
tighten
the
bolts
or
replace
the
retaining
pins
and
screw
them
with
the
hairpin
Iips
5
Check
to
be
sure
you
have
a
high
hard
pedal
then
test
the
car
See
Instructions
On
Back
of
Ball
For
Correct
Usage
of
EMP
Gh11ng
dlac
brall
Ilmple
to
art
lc
Depending
III
ppU
aUon
atalnln
pilla
nd
clip
may
blt
placed
by
larga
QU
pin
Form
No
91

FOREIGN
DISC
PAD
INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS
Typical
Ate
Teves
System
Removel
1
Drain
about
half
of
the
brake
fluid
out
of
the
master
cylinder
prior
to
replacing
the
disc
brake
pads
This
will
allow
sufficient
expansion
room
for
the
brake
fluid
in
the
lines
when
the
pistons
are
pushed
back
into
their
bores
to
make
room
for
the
added
Ihickness
of
the
new
pad
linings
2
Reise
the
car
and
lemove
tire
and
wheel
3
The
breke
pads
can
be
removed
without
lemovinll
the
caliper
from
the
car
4
The
brake
pad
reteining
pins
are
held
in
plaCe
bY
lock
rinlls
in
Ihe
inner
caliper
housing
The
pins
must
be
knocked
out
with
e
hammel
end
punch
from
theoulllide
5
Remove
spreader
spring
which
is
positioned
under
the
pins
6
A
special
tool
is
available
flom
the
car
manufacturer
forremoving
pads
from
caliper
or
pliers
can
be
used
to
pull
them
oul
be
careful
not
to
damage
the
rotor
7
Push
Ihe
brake
pistons
back
into
their
boros
If
you
encounter
difficulty
in
pushingil
he
pistofls
back
lhere
may
very
weIL
Wr9Jl
l
ern
in
lh
e
caliper
that
calls
for
more
attention
than
simplY
replecing
worn
out
pads
IUhe
pistons
are
eticking
or
If
the
seals
are
leaking
you
should
disassembl
the
caliper
and
repair
il
8
Lift
out
old
pads
from
Ihe
caliper
9
Remove
O
Ring
from
inside
caliper
Inslallatlon
II
1
Apply
silicone
lubricanl
to
Ihe
O
Rings
ana
to
grooveS
inside
each
caliper
2
Assemble
an
O
Ring
in
each
groove
3
Position
innor
pads
in
caliper
4
Position
oulpad
in
caliper
5
Replacespreadet
spring
8
ReplaceiPtnsaM
lighter
7
Install
wheel
and
lire
l
Final
Checl
A
Iter
Ihe
new
padS
have
been
installed
on
bolh
front
wheel
check
the
master
cylinder
fluid
level
Rlllhe
reservoiril
necessary
Depress
Ihe
brake
pedal
firmly
severaUlmes
to
sellhe
new
pads
on
he
rotor
i
See
Inst
ctionsOnBat
k
of
Box
For
rr
l8ge
of
EMP
l
iL
1
f
J
TypIcal
Ale
System
New
Brake
Division
Boston
MA
02135
Commerce
CA
90040
Fort
Worth
TX
76106

BR563
Fig
BR
10
Removing
Pad
Inspection
Clean
pads
with
cleaning
solvent
CAUTION
Use
brake
fluid
to
clean
Never
use
mineral
oil
2
When
pads
are
heavily
fouled
with
oil
or
grease
or
when
pad
is
deteriorated
or
deformed
replace
it
3
If
pad
is
worn
to
less
than
the
specified
value
replace
Pad
wear
limit
Minimum
thickness
t
6
mm
0
063
in
Note
Always
replace
pads
in
pad
kit
four
pads
two
clips
four
pad
pins
and
four
pad
springs
4
Check
rotor
referring
to
Rotor
for
inspection
Installetlon
I
Clean
and
apply
P
RC
grease
on
yoke
guide
groove
of
cylinder
body
sliding
contact
portions
of
yoke
and
end
surface
of
piston
Note
a
Do
not
use
common
brake
grease
b
Be
careful
not
to
get
brake
grease
on
rotor
and
pads
2
Loosen
air
bleeder
and
push
pis
ton
B
outer
piston
in
cylinder
until
end
surface
of
piston
B
coincides
with
end
surface
of
retaining
ring
on
boot
Then
inner
pad
can
be
installed
Brake
System
BR564
Fig
BR
11
Pushing
Piston
CAUTION
Piston
can
be
easily
pushed
in
by
hand
but
if
pushed
too
far
groove
of
piston
will
go
inside
of
piston
seal
as
shown
in
Fig
BR
12
At
this
point
if
piston
is
pressured
or
moved
piston
seal
will
be
damaged
If
piston
has
been
pushed
in
too
far
remove
brake
assembly
and
disassemble
it
Then
push
piston
out
in
the
direction
shown
by
arrow
Assemble
it
again
referring
to
follow
ing
section
00
I
Normal
I
position
L
BR409
Fig
BR
12
Position
for
Pushing
Piston
3
Push
piston
A
inner
piston
in
cylinder
by
pulling
yoke
as
shown
The
outer
pad
can
then
be
installed
BRS6S
Fig
BR
13
Pulling
in
Piston
A
BR
7
4
After
installing
pads
depress
brake
pedal
several
times
and
pads
will
settle
into
proper
position
Note
When
worn
out
pads
are
re
placed
with
new
ones
brake
fluid
may
overflow
reservoir
While
re
placing
pads
keep
loosening
bleeder
to
release
brake
fluid
5
Install
wheels
and
lower
car
to
ground
REMOVAL
I
Remove
pads
Refer
to
Pad
Re
placement
2
Remove
brake
tube
from
caliper
assembly
CAUTION
When
removing
brake
tube
use
suit
able
tube
wrench
Never
use
open
end
or
adjustable
wrench
Note
Plug
up
hole
in
caliper
so
that
brake
fluid
does
not
flow
out
from
cylinder
body
3
Loosen
bolts
securing
cylinder
body
to
knuckle
spindle
and
remove
caliper
assembly
from
strut
DISASSEMBLY
I
Drain
brake
fluid
from
top
hole
of
cylinder
body
2
Push
both
pistons
A
and
B
into
cylinder
Refer
to
Pad
Replacement
3
Tap
cylinder
body
lightly
with
a
plastic
hammer
Cylinder
will
then
separate
from
yoke
BR115A
Fig
BR
14
Tapping
Cylinder
Block

Brake
System
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSES
AND
CORRECTIONS
Condition
Excessive
pedal
travel
Spongy
pedal
Poor
braking
effect
Probable
cause
Low
brake
fluid
level
or
empty
master
cyUnder
reservoir
Leakage
in
master
cylinder
Deteriorated
check
valve
Air
in
system
Faulty
brake
adjustment
Excessive
lateral
play
on
disc
caused
by
loose
or
worn
wheel
bearings
or
steering
parts
Low
fluid
level
in
master
cylinder
Air
in
system
Faulty
brake
adjustment
Reservoir
fIller
cap
vent
hole
clogged
Swollen
hose
due
to
deterioration
or
use
of
poor
quality
hose
Distored
brake
shoes
or
excessively
worn
or
cracked
brake
drum
Soft
or
swollen
caliper
seals
Use
of
a
brake
fluid
with
too
low
boiling
point
Fluid
leakage
in
brake
lines
Low
brake
fluid
level
or
empty
master
cylinder
reservoir
Air
in
brake
lines
Excessive
shoe
to
d
rum
clearance
Grease
oil
mud
or
water
on
linings
or
pads
Deterioration
of
linings
or
pads
Local
fit
of
linings
or
pads
Linings
or
pads
excessively
worn
Master
cylinder
or
wheel
cylinders
in
poor
condition
Frozen
or
seized
caliper
pistons
on
disc
brakes
Finding
mechanical
linkage
at
brake
pedal
and
shoes
BR
19
Corrective
action
Fill
and
bleed
as
necessary
Test
for
source
of
leakage
by
examining
all
lines
connec
tions
and
wheel
cylinder
Overhaul
master
cylinder
Replace
check
valve
and
bleed
system
Bleed
system
Adjust
shoe
to
drum
clearance
Inspect
auto
adjuster
operation
Replace
or
adjust
faulty
parts
Top
with
fluid
and
inspect
for
leakage
Correct
as
necessary
Adjust
shoe
to
drum
clearance
Inspect
auto
adjuster
operation
Clean
and
bleed
system
Replace
hose
and
bleed
system
Replace
faul
ty
parts
Drain
hydraulic
system
flush
with
alcohol
and
replace
all
seals
Replace
with
specified
brake
fluid
and
bleed
system
Check
master
cylinder
p
pmg
and
wheel
cylinder
for
leaks
and
repair
Fill
and
bleed
as
necessary
Bleed
system
Adjust
Clean
brake
mechanism
and
check
for
cause
of
problem
Replace
linings
or
pads
Replace
Shave
or
replace
Replace
Repair
or
replace
Disassemble
caliper
and
free
up
as
required
Free
up
as
required

Condition
Unbalanced
brakes
Brakes
fade
Brakes
drag
Brake
System
Probable
cause
Improper
tire
inflation
Improp
r
adjustment
of
shoe
to
drum
clear
ance
Grease
oil
mud
or
water
on
linings
or
pads
Mud
in
brake
drum
Deterioration
oflinings
or
pads
Excessi
wear
of
linings
or
pads
Wheel
cylinder
in
poor
condition
Poor
sliding
condition
of
brake
shoe
Looseness
of
cylinder
body
or
back
plate
securing
bolts
Scored
or
out
f
round
drums
Sticking
wheel
cylinder
cups
Deformation
of
back
plate
Incorrect
adjustment
of
wheel
bearings
Incorrect
adjustment
of
wheel
aligoment
Looseness
of
leaf
spring
securing
U
bolts
Brake
fluid
has
too
low
boiling
point
Use
of
improper
linings
or
brake
linings
are
contaminated
Brake
drums
are
out
f
round
Hydraulic
connections
master
cylinder
and
wheel
cylinders
are
corroded
or
damaged
Bleed
screw
is
open
Pedal
linkage
is
binding
or
push
rod
adjust
ment
is
too
long
Master
cylinder
compensator
part
is
ob
structed
Seized
master
cylinder
piston
Poor
shoe
condition
Poor
wheel
cylinder
condition
Deformation
of
piston
cups
Poor
condition
of
caliper
because
of
faulty
piston
seals
Excessive
runaut
of
rotor
Hand
brake
will
not
return
Clogged
m
ter
cylinder
return
port
BR
20
Corrective
action
Inflate
to
correct
pressure
Readjust
Clean
brake
mechanism
and
check
for
cause
of
problem
Replace
linings
or
pads
Clean
Replace
Replace
Repair
or
replace
Adjust
F
ten
or
replace
Recondition
or
replace
brake
drum
as
re
quired
Check
for
improper
lining
contact
with
dflllll
and
grind
lining
if
necessary
Recondition
or
replace
cylinder
Replace
Adjust
or
replace
Adjust
Tighten
or
replace
Drain
and
fill
system
with
appr
d
fluid
Replace
linings
Repair
or
replace
as
necessary
Repair
as
necessary
Close
screw
and
bleed
system
Lubricate
linkage
check
pedal
return
spring
for
condition
and
adjust
push
rod
as
neces
sary
Blowout
foreign
matter
with
compresSed
air
Disassemble
master
cylinder
and
replace
piston
Bleed
system
Clean
and
repair
Repair
or
replace
Replace
Replace
piston
seals
Turn
rotor
on
lathe
or
replace
Check
and
repair
Clean

Condition
Brakes
drag
Brake
chatters
Brake
squeals
Pedal
pulsates
Rear
lock
under
light
brake
pedal
force
Rear
lock
under
heavy
brake
pedal
force
Brake
System
Probable
cause
Clogged
brake
lines
Incorrect
adjustment
of
wheel
bearings
Improper
shoe
to
drum
clearance
Weak
shoe
return
springs
No
free
travel
in
brake
shoe
return
Groove
or
out
of
round
brake
drum
or
rotor
Loose
or
bent
support
plate
Distorted
brake
shoes
or
pads
Grease
or
brake
fluid
on
linings
Dirty
or
scored
brake
drums
Distorted
brake
shoes
or
bent
support
plate
Weak
or
broken
brake
shoe
retaining
spring
or
return
spring
Glazed
or
contaminated
brake
lining
Out
of
round
or
off
center
drum
On
disc
brakes
lateral
runout
of
brake
rotor
is
excessive
Excessive
variation
in
thickness
of
brake
rotor
surfaces
Improper
tire
pressures
Excessive
wear
of
tires
Faulty
NP
valve
Improper
tire
pressures
Excessive
wear
of
tires
Poor
front
braking
effect
Grease
oil
mud
or
water
on
linings
or
pads
Excessive
wear
of
linings
or
pads
Local
fit
of
linings
or
pads
Master
cylinder
or
wheel
cylinder
in
poor
condition
BR
2t
Corrective
action
Check
and
clean
Adjust
or
repair
Adjust
Replace
Adjust
pedal
height
Grind
or
replace
as
required
Tighten
support
plate
bolts
to
specified
torque
or
replace
plate
Replace
as
necessary
Replace
linings
Blowout
assembly
with
compressed
air
or
refinish
drum
Replace
faulty
unit
Replace
if
faulty
Cam
ground
lining
to
elilninate
glaze
If
it
doesn
t
replace
linings
Turn
drum
or
replace
as
necessary
Check
with
dial
indicator
turning
disc
by
hand
If
runout
exceeds
specifications
re
place
disc
Measure
around
disc
face
with
micrometer
Replace
disc
as
required
Check
and
adjust
Check
and
replace
Replace
Check
and
adjust
Check
and
replace
Clean
or
replace
Replace
Shave
or
replace
Repair
or
replace